The remains of ancient societies often require decades to unearth, but much longer to interpret and understand. The methods of archaeology have progressed dramatically in recent years. Archaeologists have continuously refined their tools, methods, and techniques. Today archaeology is characterized by pottery identification, classification, and cataloging; disciplined excavation of "squares"; use of sophisticated electronics, such as GPS, infrared, and computer-aided design; and the integration of multiple methodologies, such as epigraphy, art history, physical anthropology, paleobotany, and climatology. The interpretation of ancient Near Eastern history and cultures has also progressed. An increasing number of documents has been unearthed. The vast document collections from Tel el-Amarna, Nippur, Mari, Nuzi, Ebla, Ugarit, and the Dead Sea caves are just some of the more spectacular examples. These provide an enormous amount of detail about royal administrations, business transactions, land tenure systems, taxes, political propaganda, mythologies, marriage practices, and much more. And things that sometimes seem unique about one culture at first look often fit into larger patterns of relationship when the surrounding cultures are better understood. The Ancient Near East: Classic Studies (ANECS) reprints classic works that have brought the results of archaeology, textual, and historical investigations to audiences of scholars, students, and the general public. While the discussions continue and the results of earlier investigations are continuously re-examined, these classic works remain of interest and importance. K. C. HANSON Series Editor
The Musical Topic discusses three tropes prominently featured in Western European music: the hunt, the military, and the pastoral. Raymond Monelle provides an in-depth cultural and historical study of musical topics -- short melodic figures, harmonic or rhythmic formulae carrying literal or lexical meaning -- through consideration of their origin, thematization, manifestation, and meaning. The Musical Topic shows the connections of musical meaning to literature, social history, and the fine arts.
Addressing the immensely important topic of research credibility, Raymond Hubbard’s groundbreaking Corrupt Research proposes that we must treat such information with a healthy dose of skepticism. This book argues that the dominant model of knowledge procurement subscribed to in these areas—the significant difference paradigm—is philosophically suspect, methodologically impaired, and statistically broken. Hubbard introduces a more accurate, alternative framework—the significant sameness paradigm—for developing scientific knowledge. The majority of the book comprises a head-to-head comparison of the “significant difference” versus “significant sameness” conceptions of science across philosophical, methodological, and statistical perspectives.
What does it mean to be rational to reason well and effectively? How does rationality, broadly conceived, relate to the knowledge one acquires, the beliefs one forms, the explanations one constructs or appropriates, the judgments and decisions one makes, the values one adopts? What is the character of human reasoning and, in particular, does it t
This book is an evolution from my book A First Course in Information Theory published in 2002 when network coding was still at its infancy. The last few years have witnessed the rapid development of network coding into a research ?eld of its own in information science. With its root in infor- tion theory, network coding has not only brought about a paradigm shift in network communications at large, but also had signi?cant in?uence on such speci?c research ?elds as coding theory, networking, switching, wireless c- munications,distributeddatastorage,cryptography,andoptimizationtheory. While new applications of network coding keep emerging, the fundamental - sults that lay the foundation of the subject are more or less mature. One of the main goals of this book therefore is to present these results in a unifying and coherent manner. While the previous book focused only on information theory for discrete random variables, the current book contains two new chapters on information theory for continuous random variables, namely the chapter on di?erential entropy and the chapter on continuous-valued channels. With these topics included, the book becomes more comprehensive and is more suitable to be used as a textbook for a course in an electrical engineering department.
A thriving fur trade post between 1830 and 1860, Fort Clark, in what is today western North Dakota, also served as a way station for artists, scientists, missionaries, soldiers, and other western chroniclers traveling along the Upper Missouri River. The written and visual legacies of these visitors—among them the German prince-explorer Maximilian of Wied, Swiss artist Karl Bodmer, and American painter-author George Catlin—have long been the primary sources of information on the cultures of the Mandan and Hidatsa Indians, the peoples who met the first fur traders in the area. This book, by a team of anthropologists, is the first thorough account of the fur trade at Fort Clark to integrate new archaeological evidence with the historical record. The Mandans built a village in about 1822 near the site of what would become Fort Clark; after the 1837 smallpox epidemic that decimated them, the village was occupied by Arikaras until they abandoned it in 1862. Because it has never been plowed, the site of Fort Clark and the adjacent Mandan/Arikara village are rich in archaeological information. The authors describe the environmental and cultural setting of the fort (named after William Clark of the Lewis and Clark expedition), including the social profile of the fur traders who lived there. They also chronicle the histories of the Mandans and the Arikaras before and during the occupation of the post and the village. The authors conclude by assessing the results—published here for the first time—of the archaeological program that investigated the fort and adjacent Indian villages at Fort Clark State Historic Site. By vividly depicting the conflict and cooperation in and around the fort, this book reveals the various cultures’ interdependence.
This book explores the impact of Latin Americas political culture on the international politics of the region. It offers a general account of traditional Iberian political culture while examining how relations among states in the hemisphere where the United States has been the central actor have evolved over time. The authors assess the degree of consistency between domestic and international political behavior. The assessments are supported by case studies.
Widely known for incorporating interesting, relevant, and realistic applications, this text offers many real applications citing current data sources. There are a wide variety of opportunities for use of technology, allowing for increased visualization and a better understanding of difficult concepts. MyMathLab, a complete online course, will be available with this text. For the first time, a comprehensive series of lectures on video will be available.
A bibliography containing 181 citations in English that have been derived from the National Agricultural Library's AGRICOLA database. Entries include books, journal and audiovisuals. Citations include, where applicable: title, author, publisher, NAL call number, place and date of publication, volume and issue number, no. of pages, media format length, and description. Many entries include abstracts. Indexed by author and subject.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a ground breaking medical technique which uses lasers to activate light-sensitive chemicals to treat cancer and other diseases without resorting to surgery. For the first time, Chemical Aspects of Photodynamic Therapy introduces in an accessible way the physics, chemistry and biology behind the technique. This highly authoritative account of the account of the rapidly developing field of PDT explores its chemical basis, while presenting information in its historical context. Haematoporphyrin derivative is considered in detail, together with the new 'second generation' photosensitisers , such as chlorins, bacteriochlorins and phthalocyanines. Photosensitisers which are currently in clinical trials are compared and reference is made to new light sources, biological and clinical findings, and prospects for future developments. This book is essential reading for new students and researchers alike studying PDT. It is recommended particularly for photochemists, as well as photobiologists and clinicians. About the author Raymond Bonnett was born in London in 1931. After a spell in the air force, he graduated from Imperial College, going on to Cambridge to research under Alexander Todd and A.W. Johnson and then to Harvard to work with R.B. Woodward. He is now Scotia Research Professor of Chemistry at Queen Mary and Wesfield College, University of London, UK. He has been active in research on photosensitisers for 25 years and has published over 200 papers on the chemistry of porphyrins and related compounds.
This volume offers a complete listing and description of books published on early America between 2001 and 2005. An extraordinary research tool, Books on Early American History and Culture, 2001-2005: An Annotated Bibliography is part of a series listing materials on the history of North America and the Caribbean from 1492 to 1815. This volume includes monographs, reference works, exhibition catalogs, and essay collections published between 2001 and 2005. Each entry provides the name of the work, its author(s) or editor(s), publisher, date of publication, ISBN and/or OCLC number(s), and the Library of Congress call number. Following each detailed citation, there is a brief summary of the work and a list of journals in which it has been reviewed. Organized thematically, the book covers, among many other topics, exploration and colonization; maritime history; environment; Native Americans; race, gender, and ethnicity; migration; labor and class; business; families; religion; material culture; science; education; politics; and military affairs.
Get evidence-based guidelines to keeping athletic horses healthy and physically fit! Equine Sports Medicine and Surgery, 3rd Edition provides a comprehensive guide to exercise physiology and training within a clinical context, along with a detailed review of all diseases affecting horses participating in racing and competition. Not only does this text discuss the physiological responses of each body system to exercise, but it covers nutritional support, the prevention of exercise-induced disorders and lameness, and modification of training regimens. New to this edition are topics such as drug effects on performance and the use of cloud-based technologies for monitoring performance, as well as new content on exercise physiology, welfare, conditioning, farriery, behavior, and vision. Written by an expert team of international authors, each print purchase of this this authoritative, all-in-one resource comes with an ebook! - NEW! Chapters in this edition include: - History of Equine Exercise Physiology - Welfare of Equine Athletes in Sport and the Social License to Operate - The Connected Horse (focusing on innovative, cloud-based technologies used to monitor athletic horses) - Conditioning of the Equine Athlete - Principles of Sport Horse Farriery - Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Respiratory Disease in Populations of Athletic Horses - Behavior and Behavioral Abnormalities in Athletic Horses - Vision and Disorders of Vision in Performance Horses - Detection of Drug Use in Athletic Horses - Drug Effects on Performance of the Equine Athlete - Comprehensive coverage is based on sound research and evidence-based practice and provides an understanding of the physiologic processes underlying the responses of horses to exercise and physical conditioning — from musculoskeletal and respiratory disorders to nutrition and physical rehabilitation. - International perspective on equine athletics includes guidelines pertinent to different geographic areas and racing jurisdictions. - More than 1,000 images include medical illustrations and clinical photos depicting equine anatomy, testing, and treatment scenarios, as well as radiographic, ultrasonographic, CAT, and MRI imaging to support understanding and diagnosis. - Coverage of abnormalities of the upper airway is now divided into two chapters: Disease of the Nasopharynx and Diseases of the Larynx and Trachea. - Coverage of diseases of the heart is divided into two chapters: Arrhythmias and Abnormalities of the Cardiac Conduction System and Structural Heart Disease, Cardiomyopathy, and Diseases of Large Vessels. - eBook version, included with print purchase, gives you the power to access all the text, figures, and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud.
Neurovirology, the study of viral infection of the ner vous system, has evolved at the interface of three of the most rapidly unfolding fields of investigation-neurobiology, vi rology, and immunology. In all three, increasing knowledge about the molecular structure of surface receptors, how in tracellular messages are transmitted, and how diversity is regulated genetically is provided, along with the techniques of molecular biology. This promises to give us knowledge not only about the process of infection and the complex host and viral determinants of neuroinvasiveness and neurovirulence, but eventually it will provide the background from which to engineer vaccines and to devise novel therapeutic agents. Animal virology and molecular biology developed quite independently from different origins. Animal virology was originally the province of the pathologists, and by clinical observation and histological preparations, they tried to ex plain the incubation period, the pathways of virus spread, and the mechanisms of disease. Molecular virology grew out of biochemistry, particularly through studies of bacterio phage, with emphasis on the physical and chemical structure of viruses and the sequences of biochemical events during the replicative cycle in cells.
Instrumentation for Trace Organic Monitoring provides comprehensive coverage of instrumental analysis techniques for trace organic analytes in environmental analysis. Sampling/sample preparation is discussed, in addition to mass spectrometry techniques, including GC-MS, HRMS, LCMS, APIMS, and MS-MS. This important book also covers new chromatography techniques, supercritical fluid, solid-phase extraction, and ion mobility spectrometry, which is a new ultra-sensitive technique. Difficult problems, such as dioxin/furan analysis, organometallic speciation, atmospheric organic vapors, water analysis, and flyash toxicity testing are addressed.
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