This book offers essential insights into potential catastrophic events that might befall upon the emerging urban landscape in South Asia, and which are due to hazards, risks and vulnerabilities inherent in the region’s geophysical location, as well as due to climate change and unplanned urbanization. It highlights major physio-graphic, demographic, geological and geophysical indicators that are responsible for changing the pattern and trend of urbanization in South Asia – a crucial issue in view of emerging threats of climate change, and changes in the demographic profile. The book addresses the disaster management scenario in South Asia, manifestations of climate change in the region and various urban setups under climate-change-induced risks. Further, it elaborates on the challenges of urbanization-based neo-risks and vulnerabilities, which manifest in the form of slum area growth, piling and littering of waste and filth, new health risks, groundwater contamination, air pollution, highly energy-dependent lifestyles, poverty, socio-economic tensions, etc. It also critically examines the institutional mechanisms for disaster risk reduction (DRR), climate change adaptation (CCA) and urban governance, and suggests appropriate changes in the governing structure to mitigate these risks. The book draws the attention of urban planners and policymakers to current shortcomings in the administrative and financial structures of local urban bodies. While outlining climate-associated risks and adaptation strategies in South Asia, it also suggests measures for integrating climate change and urban adaption with state's planning processes, and puts forward a risk alleviation platform to bring the risk managers working in different fields together, so that they make concerted efforts to achieve sustainable development. It offers valuable takeaways for researchers, urban planners, those working in industry, consultants, and policymakers.
Microbolometers: Fundamentals, Materials, and Recent Developments describes the fundamentals of microbolometers, their historic evolution, operational principles and material choices. It also explains the impact of materials on the processing and development of device characteristics. Sections address various aspects of optical properties and recommend models of properties of materials of interest for the fabrication of the uncooled microbolometers. In addition, the book presents two case studies, Honeywell and Texas Instruments, that focus on the design and manufacture of microbolometers. Finally, recent developments, applications, patents and future trends are presented. The chapter on patents will summarize the strengths and weaknesses of each of the technologies. "Please note that there is an error on the Dedication page, it should read: "To my sister, Math. G.Y. Premalatha, and my brother-in-law, the late Professor G.N. Yoganarasimhan, Professor of Water Resources Engineering and Management, for showing me the direction - Describes the fundamentals of uncooled infrared detectors, operational principles and material approaches - Includes case studies based on Honeywell and Texas Instruments' work on microbolometers - Provides analyses of current patents with a look towards their strengths and weaknesses
This volume brings together analytical insights from modern social and cultural anthropology to unravel processes of globalization in the 21st century through diasporic migrations. Developments in anthropological theory and method are traced from the heritage of Enlightenment to the present times, with special reference to India. While firmly anchored in the local experience, the narrative of diasporic migrations presented in this book ranges widely to cover comparisons across the world and is informed by an interdisciplinary focus. The author deals with the issues of ethnicity, identity and modernity in a transnational and geopolitical context. The innovative and multi-dimensional thrust encompasses major themes and research methodology. The work includes important case studies and a detailed empirical exploration of the multicultural societies of Malaysia and South Africa. Authoritative and accessible, this book will be essential reading in contemporary anthropology, especially for scholars and researchers of sociology, social and cultural anthropology, diaspora and migration studies, ethnic studies and cultural studies as also international relations, foreign affairs, public policy, think-tanks and government bodies.
This book provides a concise overview of the Apocynaceae plant family, focusing on its morphology, diversity, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and biological activities. It explores biotechnological advances in large-scale production of therapeutic bioactive compounds and conservation efforts using plant tissue culture. The family Apocynaceae is one of the largest and important families in angiosperm, with several members having medicinal properties used to treat various ailments. Most of them are consumed as food by tribal people, while a few plants are used as a source of poison, insecticides, gum, and many other important products. Members of this family are rich in alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, glycosides, simple phenols, lactones and hydrocarbons. Other compounds such as sterols, lignans, and sugars have also been systematically studied. Extracts and isolated compounds from Apocynaceae members exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities. Notable plants like Holarrhena antidysenterica, Rauvolfia serpentina, Carissa carandas, and Tabernaemontana divaricata have been extensively researched. The family presents a diverse range of bioactive compounds with medicinal and pharmacological properties, holding promise for future applications. The book also covers endophytic microorganisms with their diversity, biological activities in Apocynaceae plants. It also highlights the role of endophytes in conservation of Apocynaceae plants. By identifying existing knowledge gaps, it aims to inspire further research in the field, making it a valuable resource for students and researchers in Life Sciences, agriculture, medicine, and pharmaceutical sciences.
High Voltage and Electrical Insulation Engineering A comprehensive graduate-level textbook on high voltage insulation engineering, updated to reflect emerging trends and techniques in the field High Voltage and Electrical Insulation Engineering presents systematic coverage of the behavior of dielectric materials. This classic textbook opens with clear explanations of fundamental terminology, electric-field classification, and field estimation techniques. Subsequent chapters describe the field dependent performance of gaseous, vacuum, liquid, and solid dielectrics under different classified field conditions, and illustrate the monitoring of electrical insulation conditions by both single and continuous online methods. Throughout the text, numerous tables, figures, diagrams, and images are provided to strengthen understanding of all material. Fully revised to incorporate the most current technological application techniques, the second edition offers an entirely new section on condition monitoring of electrical insulation. Updated chapters discuss recent developments in gas-filled power apparatus, present-day trends in the use replacement of liquid insulating materials, the latest applications of new solid dielectrics in high voltage engineering, vacuum technology and liquid insulating materials, and more. This edition features a brand-new case study exploring the estimation of clearance requirements for 25 kV electric traction. Readers will also find the new edition: Provides new coverage of advances in the field, such as the application of polymer insulators and the use of SF6 gas and its mixtures in gas-insulated systems/substations (GIS) Uses a novel approach that explores the field dependent behavior of dielectrics Explains the “weakly nonuniform field,” a unique concept introduced both conceptually and analytically in Germany A separate chapter provides the new approach to the mechanism of lightning phenomenon, which also includes the phenomenon of “Ball Lightning” The dielectric properties of vacuum and the development in the application of vacuum technology in power circuit breakers is covered in an exclusive chapter In-depth coverage of the performance of the sulphur-hexafluoride gas and its mixtures applicable to the design of Gas Insulated Systems including dry power transformers High Voltage and Electrical Insulation Engineering, Second Edition, remains the perfect textbook for graduate students, teachers, academic researchers, and utility and power industry engineers and scientists involved in the field.
As the first IAS officer to climb the world's tallest peak, Ravindra Kumar in this book has presented Mount Everest as a symbol of life's problems beyond the limit of a physical barrier. Introducing the innovative technique of 'Advanced Positive Visualisation', the author explains how the various Everests of life can be conquered with this success key. Kumar has tested the impact of this technique personally and has achieved many feats-starting from his selection in the prestigious IIT entrance examination to his selection in the premier Civil Services Examination and becoming an IAS officer after working at sea for many years and, thereafter, climbing the highest peak of the world in his maiden attempt. It is through his life journey and after analysing its impact, the author has presented to the reader the innate power lying dormant in the human mind. Kumar's claim is based on the fact that our brain catches the image of anything before any other sensory perception like speech, hearing, smell, touch, etc. Although this is a daily phenomenon we don't notice it. The author has not only documented his observation from day-to-day life but has also explained it scientifically by connecting the dots of old as well as modern scientific researches, including Einstein's theory of relativity, findings by yogis, experiments on human brain by modern research centres such as Harvard Medical School, Leningrad Military Laboratory, etc. He has explained this technical subject in a simple lucid language to be understood by all. By demonstrating the miraculous effect of this technique in the lives of ordinary people through the example of his life, the author explains to the readers, and in the process motivates them on how, despite life's vicissitudes, one can achieve one's dreams.
Linear Algebra and Linear Models comprises a concise and rigorous introduction to linear algebra required for statistics followed by the basic aspects of the theory of linear estimation and hypothesis testing. The emphasis is on the approach using generalized inverses. Topics such as the multivariate normal distribution and distribution of quadratic forms are included. For this third edition, the material has been reorganised to develop the linear algebra in the first six chapters, to serve as a first course on linear algebra that is especially suitable for students of statistics or for those looking for a matrix theoretic approach to the subject. Other key features include: coverage of topics such as rank additivity, inequalities for eigenvalues and singular values; a new chapter on linear mixed models; over seventy additional problems on rank: the matrix rank is an important and rich topic with connections to many aspects of linear algebra such as generalized inverses, idempotent matrices and partitioned matrices. This text is aimed primarily at advanced undergraduate and first-year graduate students taking courses in linear algebra, linear models, multivariate analysis and design of experiments. A wealth of exercises, complete with hints and solutions, help to consolidate understanding. Researchers in mathematics and statistics will also find the book a useful source of results and problems.
This book provides a single-source reference to green technologies in advanced biofuel technology. The main focus is on the description of the state of the art in catalytic processes for the "green" production of biofuels. The authors describe two different, practical approaches for catalysts, which allow for effective and easy separation of the catalyst by simple filtration, and enable reuse for several cycles. Readers will gain understanding as to the mechanisms involved in the synthesis and structure formation of the catalyst, in order to maximize yield of biodiesel production. The authors also address the question of how catalytic material should be distributed inside a porous support to obtain optimal performance. The effects of physicochemical and operating parameters are analyzed to gain insight into the underlying phenomena governing the performance of optimally designed catalysts.“br>
Harvesting Sustainability: A Comprehensive Guide to Farming Systems and Sustainable Agriculture" Description: In a world challenged by growing populations, changing climates, and depleting natural resources, the call for sustainable agriculture has never been more urgent. "Harvesting Sustainability" is your definitive guide to understanding and implementing farming systems that prioritize environmental stewardship, economic viability, and social equity. Dive into the intricate web of modern agricultural practices, from traditional methods to cutting-edge technologies, as this book unveils the principles of sustainable agriculture. Whether you're a seasoned farmer, an agricultural student, or simply an eco-conscious individual interested in the food you consume, this book equips you with the knowledge needed to make a positive impact. Key Features: Comprehensive Coverage: Explore the historical evolution of agriculture, the current state of global food systems, and the pivotal role of sustainable practices in shaping our future. Farming Systems: Delve into various farming systems, including organic farming, agroecology, permaculture, precision farming, and more. Understand how these systems adapt to local conditions while minimizing environmental impact. Sustainable Techniques: Learn about regenerative soil practices, integrated pest management, efficient water usage, and crop diversity. Discover how these techniques enhance resilience and promote long-term agricultural sustainability. Innovative Technologies: Explore the intersection of agriculture and technology. From drone-assisted monitoring to smart irrigation systems, see how modern innovations are revolutionizing sustainable farming. Case Studies: Gain insights from real-world case studies that showcase successful sustainable farming initiatives from around the globe. Understand the challenges faced and the lessons learned. Economic Viability: Discover the economic benefits of sustainable agriculture, from reduced input costs to increased market demand for eco-friendly produce. Learn how sustainable practices can be both environmentally and economically rewarding. Food Security: Uncover the role of sustainable agriculture in ensuring global food security. Explore strategies for balancing production with distribution and consumption needs. Policy and Advocacy: Understand the policy landscape surrounding agriculture and sustainability. Learn how individuals and communities can advocate for and contribute to positive change. Practical Guidance: Whether you're a small-scale farmer or part of a large agricultural operation, find actionable steps and best practices for transitioning towards sustainable methods. "Harvesting Sustainability" is a comprehensive handbook that bridges the gap between theory and practice in the realm of sustainable agriculture. Written by experts in the field, this book is a valuable resource for anyone seeking to be a steward of the land, protect biodiversity, and secure a resilient future for generations to come. Join the movement towards sustainable agriculture and cultivate a more sustainable tomorrow. Embark on a journey to transform agriculture from a resource-depleting industry to a regenerative force with "Harvesting Sustainability." Order your copy today and sow the seeds of change for a better world. Book dedicated to Indian & World agricultural reform and entrepreneurial study with research study purposes.
Nanomaterials for Wastewater Remediation introduces techniques for nanoparticle formation and their benefits in environmental cleanup, as well as their recent advances and applications in wastewater treatment. The book follows a sequential approach for the treatment of wastewater, presenting state-of-the-art techniques for the characterization and measurement of nanomaterials. Nanoparticles represent a promising new technology for wastewater remediation, not only because of their high treatment efficiency, but also for their cost effectiveness, as they have the flexibility for in situ and ex situ applications. New methods for developing nanomaterials with less environmental risk are described. Nanomaterials such as magnetic nanoparticles and graphene-based nanocomposites are discussed in detail. Also includes in-depth analyses of the ecotoxicological impacts of nanomaterials and the latest findings on the transport and fate of nanomaterials in the environment. - Covers methods for the characterization of nanomaterials using advanced instrumental techniques - Includes innovative methods for developing new nanomaterials while lessening their environmental risk - Provides the latest methods for determining the transport and fate of nanomaterials in the environment - Discusses in detail nanomaterials such as magnetic nanoparticles and graphene-based nanocomposites
This up-to-date and unique monograph covers the different aspects of pharmaceutical validation, calibration, qualification and documentation. It discusses the various methods and processes under all these heads. It includes eight major sections and exhaustively covers each topic.The book includes interesting and timely topics like the ‘Validation of herbals’ considering the increasing reliance on herbal medicines. It includes a section of validation of dosage forms, which is an essential topic for any pharmaceutical scientist. The chapters provide lucid illustrations, figures, flowcharts and other diagrams to facilitate understanding. A final section on 'expert opinion' provides a rundown about the global scenario to the readers. The book serves as a complete reference material for students, researchers and industry experts in the field of pharmaceutical sciences, medicinal chemistry and pharmacology.
This book provides a concise but comprehensive introduction to the fundamentals and current state of the art in thermoelectrics. Addressing an audience of materials scientists and engineers, the book covers theory, materials selection, and applications, with a wide variety of case studies reflecting the most up-to-date research approaches from the past decade, from single crystal to polycrystalline form and from bulk to thin films to nano dimensions. The world is facing major challenges for finding alternate energy sources that can satisfy the increasing demand for energy consumption while preserving the environment. The field of thermoelectrics has long been recognized as a potential and ideal source of clean energy. However, the relatively low conversion efficiency of thermoelectric devices has prevented their utility on a large scale. While addressing the need for thermal management in materials, device components, and systems, thermoelectrics provides a fundamental solution to waste heat recovery and temperature control. This book summarizes the global efforts that have been made to enhance the figure of merit of various thermoelectric materials by choosing appropriate processes and their influence on properties and performance. Because of these advances, today, thermoelectric devices are found in mainstream applications such as automobiles and power generators, as opposed to just a few years ago when they could only be used in niche applications such as in aeronautics, infrared imaging, and space. However, the continued gap between fundamental theoretical results and actual experimental data of figure of merit and performance continues to challenge the commercial applications of thermoelectrics. This book presents both recent achievements and continuing challenges, and represents essential reading for researchers working in this area in universities, industry, and national labs.
This book explores a novel technique for processing biodiesel using lipase immobilization by encapsulation and its physical properties, stability characteristics, and application in stirred tank and re-circulated packed bed immobilized reactors for biodiesel production. The enzymatic processing of biodiesel addresses many of the problems associated with chemical processing. It requires only moderate operating conditions and yields a high-quality product with a high level of conversion and the life cycle assessment of enzymatic biodiesel production has more favourable environmental consequences. The chemical processing problems of waste water treatment are lessened and soap formation is not an issue, meaning that waste oil with higher FFA can be used as the feedstock. The by product glycerol does not require any purification and it can be sold at higher price. However, soluble enzymatic processing is not perfect. It is costly, the enzyme cannot be recycled and its removal from the product is difficult. For these reasons, immobilized enzymatic process has been developed which retains the advantages of the soluble enzymatic process and reuse of the enzyme is possible which decreases the enzyme cost, the biodiesel produced does not contain any enzyme residue and the activity of the enzyme can be increased by immobilization. The drawbacks of the immobilized enzyme process are mass transfer limitation, enzyme leakage, the lack of a versatile commercial immobilized enzyme and some of immobilization methods involve toxic chemicals. To overcome the drawbacks of the immobilized enzyme, an attempt is made to use a degradable biopolymer (κ-carrageenan) as a carrier for lipase immobilization.
Inflammation is the very natural process of our body; it does its work immediately and smoothly along with lots of helpers. Inflammation is linked to immune system as acute inflammatory or pro-inflammatory phase through macrophage activation. This book is for researchers and scholars in the field of life sciences and medical sciences. The book contains all inflammatory sources around the world. It emphasizes on anti-inflammatory sources along with its active inflammatory constituents and other medicinal uses with authentic references. Anti-inflammation is a kind of activity with is found in nearly all of the natural sources used for major biological activities. So, the book helps them to correlate their activity of interest with anti-inflammatory source. The present work deals with illustrative representation of inflammation, causes of inflammation, inflammatory mediators, anti-inflammatory sources other uses and inflammation and lifestyle. It mainly provides the researchers the updated information from the ancient to the most recent ongoing research on inflammation. This book imparts pace to their idea of thinking, assist to make clear predictions before proceeding to research. The introduction includes natural sources of inflammation and its benefits; the sources are from plant, animal and marine. The book tells how these sources are useful for us to cure several diseases and opens new path for further research. Inflammation part of the book is well presented along with its phases, types and other diseases interrelated with inflammation. Inflammatory mediators, the foremost player of inflammation are defined in a very pleasant and convenient manner. The chapter includes both cell- derived and plasma - derived mediators illustratively with their synthesis and action. Natural source of anti-inflammation is the heart chapter of this book which contains all anti-inflammation sources from plants, marine and animals. This chapter also contains short description of most of the sources, its availability and uses. The authors have also added inflammatory models for assessment of biological activities of natural sources both in vitro and in vivo. Inflammation free lifestyle is described very nicely in the book. The contents are very specific and relevant to its topic; all the data provided is unique and useful. The anti-inflammatory table includes sources, plant parts used, active constituents and other uses. This data provides ample information regarding anti-inflammatory research and innovation. The highlights of this book shall be: -Describes almost all anti-inflammatory sources around the globe at one place in a more convenient tabulated form -Illustrative representation makes the book more attractive and interactive
Throughout their lifecycle, from before birth until death, women are subjected to various forms of gender discrimination. In India, and the wider global context, there is widespread prevalence of discrimination, from dietary intake (both in quality and content), schooling, and clothing, to health and marriage. As this volume shows, overcoming each of these disparities leads to the empowerment of women. It focuses on disparities against women emanating under the framework of mortality, natality, basic facilities, special opportunities, professional work, and the household, highlighting possible ways of combating these prejudices.
Throughout their lifecycle, from before birth until death, women are subjected to various forms of gender discrimination. In India, and the wider global context, there is widespread prevalence of discrimination, from dietary intake (both in quality and content), schooling, and clothing, to health and marriage. As this volume shows, overcoming each of these disparities leads to the empowerment of women. It focuses on disparities against women emanating under the framework of mortality, natality, basic facilities, special opportunities, professional work, and the household, highlighting possible ways of combating these prejudices.
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