Due to the recent discovery of the room-temperature visible light emission from porous silicon (P-Si), a great interest in P-Si and related materials has arisen in the last decade of the 20th century. Crystalline (c-) Si, at the heart of integrated circuits, has an indirect band gap of 1.1 eV, which limits its application in optoelectronics. The visible light emitting P-Si may open a new field combining Si integrated technology and optoelectronics. This book is a comprehensive review of the recent research and development of porous silicon. Strong visible photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) from P-Si and other forms of silicon nanocrystallites (nc-Si) are reviewed. Several proposed mechanisms for the PL from porous silicon such as quantum confinement, amorphicity and molecular PL are studied. The following issues are covered: mechanisms for the visible light emission, physical structures, studies of the PL and EL, correlation of structure and optical studies, surface physics and chemistry, relationships among various forms (P-Si, a-Si, µc-Si), device applications, future developments.
Superlattice to Nanoelectronics, Second Edition, traces the history of the development of superlattices and quantum wells from their origins in 1969. Topics discussed include the birth of the superlattice; resonant tunneling via man-made quantum well states; optical properties and Raman scattering in man-made quantum systems; dielectric function and doping of a superlattice; and quantum step and activation energy. The book also covers semiconductor atomic superlattice; Si quantum dots fabricated from annealing amorphous silicon; capacitance, dielectric constant, and doping quantum dots; porous silicon; and quantum impedance of electrons. - Written by one of the founders of this field - Delivers over 20% new material, including new research and new technological applications - Provides a basic understanding of the physics involved from first principles, while adding new depth, using basic mathematics and an explanation of the background essentials
The goal of this glossary is to provide a genuine clarification of terms and concepts of the true Kabbalah. As an abridged version of the Kabbalah Dictionary, the reader will find a clear translation and explanation of the essential terms and concepts most often encountered in the Kabbalah. In the very rare books that deal seriously with the subject, the concepts of the Zohar and Kabbalah are often quoted but not explained. To study Kabbalah, it is important to have a good comprehension of its general idea, as well as its details. It is also necessary to be familiar with its usual terms and appellations, because, particular expressions and metaphors, as well as anthropomorphisms are used. Main concepts and expressions used in Hebrew and also in Aramaic, are explained in a clear and concise language for a good understanding of what Kabbalah truly is.
This dictionary provides a genuine picture of the true Kabbalah through the main concepts and expressions used in Hebrew and also in Aramaic. Also, many examples are given of words or concepts hard to understand out of context. (World Religions)
In this radically new approach to morphological typology, the authors set out new and explicit methods for the typological classification of languages. Drawing on evidence from a diverse range of languages including Chinantec, Dakota, French, Fur, Icelandic, Ngiti and Sanskrit, the authors propose innovative ways of measuring inflectional complexity. Designed to engage graduate students and academic researchers, the book presents opportunities for further investigation. The authors' data sets and the computational tool that they constructed for their analysis are available online, allowing readers to employ them in their own research. Readers can access the online computational tool through www.cambridge.org/stump_finkel.
What is Kabbalah? What are the subjects covered in the Kabbalah? What is the history of the Kabbalah? What is a Kabbalist? How about Madonna, Kabbalah and show business? What do we learn in the Kabbalah? What is a Tikun? What are the different roots of the souls? How are the higher levels of the souls acquired? Does reincarnation exist? These and 147 more questions answered in a simple, clear and concise language.
Why did Professor Norman Golb of the Oriental Institute need to be silenced? Why did a small clique monopolize access and publication rights to the Dead Sea Scrolls for more than four decades? Why does the truth matter about where the scrolls came from? In this documented memoir, Raphael Golb exposes the inside story of the Dead Sea Scrolls controversy and its scandals. He describes how he himself became involved in the controversy—and ended up fighting to stay out of Rikers Island. For over seventy years, the true historical significance of the scrolls has been obscured by the institutional influence of a threatened scholarly establishment. Never were the stakes made clearer than when powerful Manhattan DA Robert Morgenthau took action to protect the reputation of well-connected scroll figures, both in New York and across the United States. Raphael Golb’s memoir of his journey through the system—in a case that almost reached the Supreme Court—poses the question of where we stand with the First Amendment today. While reigniting the great debate over who wrote the scrolls, Golb’s account also sheds light on broader issues involving academic revolutions, censorship, and how easily power can be abused in a democratic society. “Institutions and museums, international conferences and books may ostracize the scholar who transmits a new message ... A crisis emerges ... Eventually ... the new paradigm gradually gains adherents and replaces the old.” — Joel Kraemer (2012 essay on Norman Golb)
This book focuses on how to improve equal and public participation in a range of innovative citizen forums that could revitalize democracy around the world.
Reliability Investigation of LED Devices for Public Light Applications focuses on state-of-the-art GaN-based LED technology through the study of typical failure mechanisms in public lighting applications. Across the different chapters, the reader will explore the tools and analyses involved in the study and application of a number of different LED devices. The authors review GaN-based LED technology by focusing on the main failure mechanisms targeting polymer-based packaging, thanks to electrical and spectral models. The proposed technology and methodologies will help those interested in the topic to further their knowledge of failure mechanisms, exploring the physical and chemical analyses involved. - Based on the work of two main Phd results in 2011 and 2014 - Describes GaN technology in the state-of-the-art, focusing on the specific electrical and spectral model - Proposes the technology and methodologies to understand failure mechanisms
Long before the pandemic, economies across the world were in trouble, with growth slowing across the board. This downturn coincided with growing inequality and social exclusion. Rising political dissatisfaction with ruling elites fuelled the rise of populism. Add to this the alarming environmental emergency and few can deny we live in a time of multiple sustainability crises. While this conclusion can lead to despair, in this broad-ranging book Raphael Kaplinsky, a leading development policy analyst, argues that the future is not necessarily bleak. Interrogating the causes and nature of the systemic crises we are living through, he shows how the challenges which we now face mirror previous historical epochs, in which dominant ‘techno-economic’ paradigms flourish, mature and run into crisis. In each case, decisive action is required to move to a more economically and socially sustainable world. In our time, we are witnessing the exhaustion of the Mass Production paradigm. How we herald and manage the transition to the next paradigm – that of Information and Communications Technologies – will determine our capacity to build a more prosperous, equitable and environmentally sustainable world. This book sets out an integrated agenda for action by multiple stakeholders to achieve this end.
Are they really Muslims?' Islam in China reveals the struggle for identity of the small yet vital Muslim community of China, a little studied minority on the fringes of the Islamic world now thrust into the spotlight by the opening of China to the world and the rise of independent Muslim republics on China's western borders. Both timely and important, the multifaceted essays-_ collection of over twenty years of Raphael Israeli's scholarship on Chinese Muslims_offer detailed insight into the relationship between China's non-Muslim majority and an increasingly self-confident guest culture. The work uncovers a history of uneasy ethnic, philosophical, and ideological coexistence, the gradual sinification of the Chinese Muslim creed, and the increasing accommodation of Islam by a modern, westernizing China. In addition, it highlights a religious group riddled with sectarianism; factional rifts that reveal the doctrinal, social, and political diversity at the core of Chinese Islam.
This comprehensive textbook provides a clear, reader-friendly writing style, serves as an introduction to speech science, and covers basic information on acoustics, the acoustic analysis of speech, speech anatomy and physiology, and speech perception. The Fifth Edition also includes topics such as research methodology, speech motor control, and history/evolution of speech science. With its reader-friendly content and valuable online resources, Speech Science Primer: Physiology, Acoustics and Perception of Speech, Fifth Edition is an ideal text for beginning speech pathology and audiology students and faculty alike. Visit the book's companion Website at http://connection.lww.com/go/speechscience to view the online resources.
After thirty years, PPID is still the reference of choice for comprehensive, global guidance on diagnosing and treating the most challenging infectious diseases. Drs. Mandell, Bennett, and Dolin have substantially revised and meticulously updated, this new edition to save you time and to ensure you have the latest clinical and scientific knowledge at your fingertips. With new chapters, expanded and updated coverage, increased worldwide perspectives, and many new contributors, Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 7th Edition helps you identify and treat whatever infectious disease you see. Consult this title on your favorite e-reader, conduct rapid searches, and adjust font sizes for optimal readability. Compatible with Kindle®, nook®, and other popular devices. Get the answers to questions you have with more in-depth coverage of epidemiology, etiology, pathology, microbiology, immunology, and treatment of infectious agents than you’ll find in any other infectious disease resource. Find the latest diagnoses and treatments for currently recognized and newly emerging infectious diseases, such as those caused by avian and swine influenza viruses. Put the latest knowledge to work in your practice with new or completely revised chapters on influenza (new pandemic strains); new Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) virus; probiotics; antibiotics for resistant bacteria; antifungal drugs; new antivirals for hepatitis B and C; Clostridium difficile treatment; sepsis; advances in HIV prevention and treatment; viral gastroenteritis; Lyme disease; Helicobacter pylori; malaria; infections in immunocompromised hosts; immunization (new vaccines and new recommendations); and microbiome. Benefit from fresh perspectives and global insights from an expanded team of international contributors. Find and grasp the information you need easily and rapidly with newly added chapter summaries. These bulleted templates include diagnosis, therapy, and prevention and are designed as a quick summary of the chapter and to enhance relevancy in search and retrieval on Expert Consult. Stay current on Expert Consult with a thorough and regularly scheduled update program that ensures access to new developments in the field, advances in therapy, and timely information. Access the information you need easily and rapidly with new succinct chapter summaries that include diagnosis, therapy, and prevention. Experience clinical scenarios with vivid clarity through a richly illustrated, full-color format that includes 1500 photographs for enhanced visual guidance.
Superlattice to Nanoelectronics, Second Edition, traces the history of the development of superlattices and quantum wells from their origins in 1969. Topics discussed include the birth of the superlattice; resonant tunneling via man-made quantum well states; optical properties and Raman scattering in man-made quantum systems; dielectric function and doping of a superlattice; and quantum step and activation energy. The book also covers semiconductor atomic superlattice; Si quantum dots fabricated from annealing amorphous silicon; capacitance, dielectric constant, and doping quantum dots; porous silicon; and quantum impedance of electrons. - Written by one of the founders of this field - Delivers over 20% new material, including new research and new technological applications - Provides a basic understanding of the physics involved from first principles, while adding new depth, using basic mathematics and an explanation of the background essentials
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