This book contains the idea about development of a village. How village is developed by state and central government. The concept of village development is to ensure all around development of an individual at grass root level. The basic needs of human beings like employment, food, house, education, health, drinking water and sanitation, water for irrigation, cleanliness, seeds of improved quality, water conservation, road connectivity, information and communication etc, to be made available for all rural people.
This book is a sincere effort by the author in collating the information’s and sharing with the young facility management professionals. Author have referred a good number of BIS standards and NBC and the same is represented here for easy references. I hope this efforts will help the FM fraternity in upgrading their knowledge and it will help in enhancing their performance. This initiative will also help the corporate with an updated work force with required information radially available. I am also hopeful that the organizations shall also benefit from our efforts and this will help them in reducing their operational cost with increased efficiency of their FM team.
This book offer a plethora of environmentally benign alternatives to these chemical insecticides. It is hoped that the book will fill the wide gap in literature on utilization of biological and molecular approaches in biointensive IPM as an alternative to chemical insecticide based IPM for sustainable insect pest management in future.
Dairy Processing and Quality Assurance, Second Edition describes the processing and manufacturing stages of market milk and major dairy products, from the receipt of raw materials to the packaging of the products, including the quality assurance aspects. The book begins with an overview of the dairy industry, dairy production and consumption trends. Next are discussions related to chemical, physical and functional properties of milk; microbiological considerations involved in milk processing; regulatory compliance; transportation to processing plants; and the ingredients used in manufacture of dairy products. The main section of the book is dedicated to processing and production of fluid milk products; cultured milk including yogurt; butter and spreads; cheese; evaporated and condensed milk; dry milks; whey and whey products; ice cream and frozen desserts; chilled dairy desserts; nutrition and health; sensory evaluation; new product development strategies; packaging systems; non-thermal preservation technologies; safety and quality management systems; and dairy laboratory analytical techniques. This fully revised and updated edition highlights the developments which have taken place in the dairy industry since 2008. The book notably includes: New regulatory developments The latest market trends New processing developments, particularly with regard to yogurt and cheese products Functional aspects of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics A new chapter on the sensory evaluation of dairy products Intended for professionals in the dairy industry, Dairy Processing and Quality Assurance, Second Edition, will also appeal to researchers, educators and students of dairy science for its contemporary information and experience-based applications.
From fatal heatwaves and cruel droughts to devastating floods and fast-depleting water tables, climate change is the greatest disruptor of our time ? and it can no longer be ignored. For most of us the odds seem overwhelming and solutions seem out of reach. Yet, in this forcefully argued book, climate change practitioner, teacher and investor Mridula Ramesh emphasizes that while the situation is grim, it is not without hope. Drawing on her extensive practical and investing experience, she explores myriad facets of this raging issue: why women are peculiarly affected by a warming climate; how climate change poses a security threat to the Indian state; why just focussing on green sources of power is an incomplete solution for India; how managing waste can create hundreds of thousands of urban jobs and how households can cope in a `Day Zero? water situation. In doing so, she shows how climate warriors, from the cotton fields of Punjab and thriving eco start-ups in Bengaluru, to a forest guardian in Assam and the johads of Rajasthan, have employed ingenuity and initiative to adapt to the changing conditions ? and sometimes reverse their shattering effects. Timely, urgent and thought-provoking, this book is an urgent call to action ? and an essential manifesto for every Indian citizen to follow.
This book offers an explanation of the specific ways that biocatalysis outperforms chemical catalysis by: utilizing ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure to minimize problems of isomerization, racemization, and epimerization; employing microbial cells and enzymes that can be immobilized and reused over many cycles; and overexpressing enzymes for greater economy and efficiency.
The debate on whether to privilege economic growth over ecological security is passé. Environmental considerations must be at the heart of economic growth, especially for a country of 1.25 billion people destined to add another 400 million by the middle of the century. Green Signals chronicles the '1991 moment' in India's environmental decision-making, telling the story of how, for the first time, the doors of the environment ministry were opened to voices, hitherto unheard, into the policy-making process. It details efforts to change the way environment is viewed both by proponents of environmental security and those who prize economic growth at all costs. Told from the perspective of a pivotal decision maker, the book addresses the challenges involved in trying to ensure economic growth with ecological security. It takes us through India's coming of age in the global environmental and climate change community to take on a leadership role that is progressive, proactive, and steeped in national interest. Using speaking orders on high-profile projects, notes and letters to the Prime Minister, ministerial colleagues, chief ministers and others, Jairam Ramesh gives an insight into the debates, struggles, challenges, and obstacles to bringing environmental considerations into the mainstream of political and economic decision-making. This collection reveals the story of the author's attempt at the highest levels of governance to introduce effective decision-making, a transparent and accountable administration, and to make environmental concerns an essential component of a nation's quest to accelerate economic growth and end the scourge of poverty and deprivation.
This book entitled “Agroforestry forClimate Resilience and Rural Livelihood” would help the readers to gain knowledge on importance of agroforestry for climate change and providing ecosystem services through many ways. This is a testimony and a ready reckoner to help to solve the challenges of climatic vagaries and resource degradation of natural resource bases. The compilation would certainly provide the steps that should be taken to meet the twin objective of climate resilience and livelihood security through adoption of agroforestry models. This book would definitely be helpful forpolicy makers, planners, academicians, students and scientists to suggest the technologies and strategies to the farmers for enhancing their productivity, economic stability, meeting nutritional security under the changing climatic scenario. The key features includes the idea of ecosystem services relevance in present day context, which otherwise was being neglected. The voluminous compilation will act as a boost for farmers to adopt agroforestry system in their pursuit for better environmental management and resilience against the climate change.
I was reading Nishankji's stories. Short stories, touching stories, touching life, seem to touch rural, hilly areas. If you delve into them now, you will get pain and it will leave so many questions behind. When I read the list of Nishankji's compositions, I am not talking about reading the compositions, then I acknowledged his calibre. Writing is a spiritual practice, if the feelings have been put into words, then it should be understood that it is an original form, and has taken concrete form, wants some shape, so the journey ahead begins. I congratulate Nishankji. But the sensation, which is of heart, should not die and when a person feels his sensation as the sensation of the whole country and society, then a change happens. (Excerpts of Atal's speech on the inauguration of Nisbankji's book- 'Khade Hut Prashn', a collection of stories, on 22" May 2007)
Nanocomposites (both heterogeneous and anisotropic) are hard to machine due to their enhanced properties and there is a need to know about the problems associated with the machining of nanocomposites by various conventional as well as non-conventional machining operations. Machining of nanocomposites emphasizes on different fabrication methods to develop nanocomposites (polymers, metals, and ceramics) and different machining processes used in industries. Further, it describes issues and challenges including research trends associated with the same. It also evaluates mechanical and wear properties of the composites as well. Features: Covers manufacturing process of nanocomposites. Includes conventional and non-conventional machining process and relevant applications. Addresses effect of different nano-reinforcements on machinability. Discusses usage of design of experiments and optimization technique to improve the machinability of nanocomposites. Reviews challenges on machining of nanocomposites and its remedies. This book aims at Researchers, Graduate students in Mechanical Engineering, and Materials Sciences including Composites, Nanotechnology, and Machining.
Contents: Introduction, Socio-Economic Background of the Study Villages, Development Process and Dalits The Bauris, Development Impact on the Bauri Beneficiaries, Consequential Changes, Quality of Life, Summary and Conclusion.
The dominance of insects in the world fauna has made them the humanity's greatest rival for the world's food resources, both directly by eating the plants cultivated for food and indirectly as vectors of pathogens attacking these plants. Agricultural scientists and especially entomologists have strived hard to develop a diversity of cultural, mechanical, biological and chemical weapons during the last more than two centuries to gain dominance over insects. However, there is evidence that insect pest problems have escalated with an increasing cropping intensity and with the use of agrochemicals inherent in modern agriculture. Consequently, Indian plant protection scientists have intensified research on the development of pest management tactics and effective pest management systems have been designed for all the important crops in the country. This book, consisting of 29 chapters, draws together the diverse literature on the subject of insect pest management in agriculture and contains contributions written by scientists having extensive experience with insect pest problems in Indian agriculture. The first half of the book is devoted to the principles and components of pest management including factors affecting pest populations, construction of life tables, coevolution of insects and plants, pest forecasting, pesticides, IGRs, botanicals, entomopathogenic nematodes and molecular approaches, etc. The different tactics for the management of major insect pests of principal agricultural crops of India, viz. rice, maize, wheat, forage crops, cotton, sugarcane, vegetables, fruits, oilseeds, pulse crops, jute, mesta and tobacco have been discussed in the second half of the book. The book contains a wealth of information on all aspects of insect pest management in agriculture under Indian conditions and would prove indispensable for students, teachers and researchers in agricultural entomology in India and other Asian countries.
Nutrient use efficiency is a measure of how efficiently plants use the available mineral nutrients to produce economic produce. Improving nutrient use efficiency is very much essential under current scenario besides an understanding of the nutrient dynamics in soil-plant system.”Enhancing nutrient use efficiency: Concepts, methods, and management interventions” is a comprehensive book which has a compilation of topics related to enhancement of nutrient use efficiency of various crops and cropping systems. Although it depends on the ability to plants to take up the nutrients from the soil, management practices have a key role to intervene the use efficiency. This book has 27 chapters written by eminent researchers in the field and addresses multifaceted approaches to enhance the nutrient use efficiency. Improving nutrient use efficiency is a prerequisite to reducing production costs in the wake of escalating cost of agricultural inputs in farming besides minimizing environmental contamination. Soil physical management is the foremost strategy to enhance the nutrient use efficiency. Hand held devices are popular among the farmers for nitrogen management in rice in several parts of the country, besides slow release nitrogenous fertilizers. Experiences from Long term fertilizer experiments and soil test crop response correlation are of immense use to understand the nutrient dynamics in soil and in turn designing practices for higher use efficiency. Besides describing the concepts and methods of nutrient use efficiency, management practices for dry land crops and cropping systems, cereal based cropping systems, rainfed pulses based cropping systems, soybean based cropping systems, sugarcane based cropping systems, cotton based cropping systems, tobacoo and oil seed based cropping systems, rapeseed mustard based cropping systems and spices based cropping systems are also dealt in this book and would serve as a resource guide for enhancing nutrient use efficiency in various crops and cropping systems
Many cultures have been developed in the world and over the time they also have been perished. Indian culture is the most ancient culture of the world. It is focused on the spirit of spirituality and in fact, it is based merely on spirituality rather than cosmicism, materialism and occultism, whose primary goal is to make spiritual advancement of the whole world by establishing human values such as peace, tolerance, unity, truth, non-violence and morality. With the purpose of working for everyone's happiness in the interest of everyone, it is inherent in the sense of accepting the whole world as its own family This is the reason that Indian culture still remains intact in its original form for thousands of years on the basis of its cultural and life-values. Apart from arbitrariness and selfishness, it has the power to live an ideal life based on qualities like justice, generosity, devotion and sacrifice and it also has power to bind the world humanity into one formula. In true sense, Indian culture is the key to making life worthwhile. The beliefs and traditions of Indian culture are established on some scientific basis, which are seen even in today's computer era as rational on the basis of scientific perspectives and are confirmed on their scientific values. There are countless features of this kind. It is the ocean of such pearls which are not possible to collect all and put them in the book. Yet some very important aspects are very nicely compiled in this book.
The book, consists of 31 chapters, will be useful to scientists working in the field of entomology. Chapters 1-10 present comprehensive review of concept and implementation and future need of pest management, impact of climate on pest population, insect invasion, pollinators, pesticide use, bar coding as tool to understand diversity and pesticide formulation and safety to environment. The next 5 chapters present comprehensive information on host plant resistance, soil solarization, neem and behaviour modify chemicals as component of pest management. Chapters 16-26 present the management strategies on crops like sugarcane, rice, sorghum, tobacco, fruits, vegetables crops and stored grain pests and strategies for management of mites which are emerging pests of agricultural crops. In the last 5 chapters presents the strategies for transmission of technology and its impact and the role of electronic media on dissemination of technology. The book contains comprehensive information in recent trends in various aspects of pest management complied by scientist working in specialized areas of pest management. The book will be useful to students, teachers, researchers and policy planners associated with pest management.
This book, consisting a series of papers written by experts in their respective fields of specialization, will provide a comprehensive coverage of renewable energy technologies, such as wind, wave and solar thermal energy. Other industrial terms like photovoltaic systems, biomass, distributed generations and small hydro power systems are also discussed and further elaborated upon. The Handbook of Renewable Energy Technology will be of great practical benefit to professionals, scientists and researchers in the relevant industries, and will be of interest to those of the general public wanting to know more about renewable energy technologies.
Dr. Anjali Aggarwal is working as a Senior Scientist at National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (India). She holds a PhD degree in Animal Physiology and is involved in research and teaching at post-graduate level. Her area of research work is stress and environmental physiology. She has more than 50 publications, two technical bulletins, four manuals and many book chapters to her credit. She has successfully guided many post-graduate and PhD students. Her major research accomplishments are on microclimatic modification for alleviation of heat and cold stress, mist and fan cooling systems for cows and buffaloes, and use of wallowing tank in buffaloes. Her work involves the use of technology of supplementing micronutrients during dry period and early lactation to crossbred and indigenous cows for alleviating metabolic and oxidative stress and improved health and productivity. Studies are also done in her lab on partitioning of heat loss from skin and pulmonary system of cattle and buffaloes as a result of exercise or exposure to heat stress. Dr. R.C. Upadhyay is working as Head, Dairy Cattle Physiology Division at National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (India). He graduated in Veterinary Sciences and obtained his PhD degree in Animal Physiology. His area of recent research is climate change, stress, and environmental physiology. His major research accomplishment is on climate change impact assessment of milk production and growth in livestock. His work also involves studying methane conversion and emission factors for Indian livestock and use of IPCC methodology of methane inventory of Indian livestock. Heat shock protein-70 expression studies in cattle and buffaloes are also done in his lab. Draught animal power evaluation, fatigue assessment, work-rest cycle and work limiting factors form the highlights of his work. Studies on partitioning of heat loss from skin and pulmonary system of cattle and buffaloes and electrocardiographic studies in cattle, buffalo, sheep and goat are also undertaken in his lab. He has more than 75 research papers, four books and several book chapters to his credit. Technologies developed and research done by him include methodology of methane measurement: open and closed circuit for cattle and buffaloes; inventory of methane emission from livestock using IPCC methodology; livestock stress index: thermal stress measurement based on physiological functions; and draught power evaluation system and large animal treadmill system. He received training in Radio-nuclides in medicine at Australian School of Nuclear Technology, Lucas heights, NSW, Australia in 1985 and Use of radioisotopes in cardiovascular investigations at CSIRO, Prospect, NSW, Australia, during 1985-86. He has guided several post-graduate and PhD students. He is recipient of Hari Om Ashram Award-1990 (ICAR) for outstanding research in animal sciences.
Now a day's people are more aware of physical fitness and the importance of physical education. When a person's is fit the various system of the body are well conditioned so that each system can do its part towards effective performance. Fitness serves as a general base for excellence in performance, but it does not include all essentials. An excellent performance in a particular activity must possess in addition to motor fitness, the specific skills that are part of activity (Bucher and Willest, 1964).
Dr. Anjali Aggarwal is working as a Senior Scientist at National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (India). She holds a PhD degree in Animal Physiology and is involved in research and teaching at post-graduate level. Her area of research work is stress and environmental physiology. She has more than 50 publications, two technical bulletins, four manuals and many book chapters to her credit. She has successfully guided many post-graduate and PhD students. Her major research accomplishments are on microclimatic modification for alleviation of heat and cold stress, mist and fan cooling systems for cows and buffaloes, and use of wallowing tank in buffaloes. Her work involves the use of technology of supplementing micronutrients during dry period and early lactation to crossbred and indigenous cows for alleviating metabolic and oxidative stress and improved health and productivity. Studies are also done in her lab on partitioning of heat loss from skin and pulmonary system of cattle and buffaloes as a result of exercise or exposure to heat stress. Dr. R.C. Upadhyay is working as Head, Dairy Cattle Physiology Division at National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (India). He graduated in Veterinary Sciences and obtained his PhD degree in Animal Physiology. His area of recent research is climate change, stress, and environmental physiology. His major research accomplishment is on climate change impact assessment of milk production and growth in livestock. His work also involves studying methane conversion and emission factors for Indian livestock and use of IPCC methodology of methane inventory of Indian livestock. Heat shock protein-70 expression studies in cattle and buffaloes are also done in his lab. Draught animal power evaluation, fatigue assessment, work-rest cycle and work limiting factors form the highlights of his work. Studies on partitioning of heat loss from skin and pulmonary system of cattle and buffaloes and electrocardiographic studies in cattle, buffalo, sheep and goat are also undertaken in his lab. He has more than 75 research papers, four books and several book chapters to his credit. Technologies developed and research done by him include methodology of methane measurement: open and closed circuit for cattle and buffaloes; inventory of methane emission from livestock using IPCC methodology; livestock stress index: thermal stress measurement based on physiological functions; and draught power evaluation system and large animal treadmill system. He received training in Radio-nuclides in medicine at Australian School of Nuclear Technology, Lucas heights, NSW, Australia in 1985 and Use of radioisotopes in cardiovascular investigations at CSIRO, Prospect, NSW, Australia, during 1985-86. He has guided several post-graduate and PhD students. He is recipient of Hari Om Ashram Award-1990 (ICAR) for outstanding research in animal sciences.
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