介紹台灣全部729種的蕨類與相關植物。台灣是全球蕨類多樣性中心之一,在35,800平方公里的區域內,分佈了超過700種蕨類及類蕨類植物。 本書以圖文並茂的方式介紹台灣以及周圍小島的所有蕨類,包括: ‧ 目前已知的種類、亞種及混種。 ‧ 外來種。 ‧ 總數多達4,700張照片。 ‧ 提供精準可靠的辨認要訣以分類其科屬種。 ‧ 詳盡的背景資料。 ‧ 對蕨類保育的建言。 ‧ 各種蕨類的分布與頻率。 ‧ 各種蕨類的植被帶與棲地。 ‧ 同時提供學名、中文名、拼音與俗名。 ‧ 豐富的參考書目。 ‧ 詳細的索引,包含同義詞、錯誤的命名與在其他分類系統出現的命名。 A description of all 729 species of ferns and related plants in Taiwan. Taiwan is one of the global diversity centers of pteridophytes (ferns, and plants allied to them) with more than 700 species distributed over an area of 35,800 square kilo-meters. This book provides an illustrated introduction to all species of Taiwan and its neighboring smaller islands. Includes: · all currently known species, subspecies and hybrids; · invasive species; · extensively illustrated with a total of more than 4,700 images; · precise keys for the reliable identification of families, genera and species; · comprehensive background information; · recommendations for conservation needs; · distribution and frequency information for all species; · description of vegetation zones and habitats for all species; · scientific names accompanied with Chinese name, pinyin transcription and commonly used deviating scientific names; · extensive bibliography; · detailed index containing synonyms, misapplied names and names in alternative taxonomic combinations.
This book offers a comprehensive treatment of the economic and technical foundations for new organizational forms, relations and processes. It provides a wide range of underlying concepts and frameworks that help the reader understand the major forces driving organizational and marketplace change, rather than presenting these changes as simple outcomes of technological or management fads. Contains case studies are included.
Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: This paper was written during my studies at Georgia State University, Atlanta in Fall 2000 in the context of an exchange program between Georgia State University and Technische Universität Darmstadt. Its subject is the new contract law in electronic commerce. The paper starts with an illustration of the situation of legal uncertainty prior to the establishment of a specific contract law in electronic commerce. Many laws governing contract formation were drafted before the existence of electronic messaging and did not adequately address the challenges of electronic transactions. Furthermore, electronic transactions were often hindered by the diversity of state laws. This situation was considered to place some severe legal obstacles to the development of electronic commerce. In 1997, President Clinton and Vice President Gore unveiled their Framework for Global Electronic Commerce. This issue defined the main goals for the future development of both domestic and global electronic commerce. The general objective was to establish a Uniform Commercial Code for this ascending sector of commerce in order to facilitate and enforce electronic transactions. The legislative efforts to achieve those goals recently resulted in two uniform acts, the Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act (UCITA) and the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (UETA), and the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (E-sign Act). The paper deals with these new legislative approaches. Aside from the presentation of the scopes of the different acts the paper focuses on their fundamental principles and major provisions. Furthermore, it discusses the new enactments in the context of a selection of fundamental legal issues raised by electronic commerce. This discussion finally shows that, although there have been a number of serious endeavors to achieve the above mentioned goals by drafting several electronic commerce statutes, the recent enactments relating to contract law in electronic commerce are not able to achieve the goals set out in the Framework for Global Electronic Commerce. There still remain significant legal obstacles that prohibit electronic commerce from reaching its full potential. Zusammenfassung: Diese Arbeit wurde während meines Studienaufenthaltes an der Georgia State University, Atlanta im Herbstsemester 2000 im Rahmen eines Austauschprogramms zwischen der Georgia State University und der Technischen [...]
Applying current political theory on nationhood as well as methods established by recent performance studies, this study sheds new light on the role the public theatre played in the rise of English national identity around 1600. It situates selected history plays by Shakespeare and Marlowe in the context of non-fictional texts (such as historiographies, chorographies, political treatises, or dictionary entries) and cultural artefacts (such as maps or portraits), and thus highlights the circulation, and mutation, of national thought in late sixteenth-century culture. At the same time, it goes beyond a New Historicist approach by foregrounding the performative surplus of the theatre event that is so essential for the shaping of collective identity. How, this study crucially asks, does the performative art of theatre contribute to the dynamics of the formation of national identity? Although theories about the nature of nationalism vary, a majority of theorists agree that notions of a shared territory and history, as well as questions of religion, class and gender play crucial roles in the shaping of national identity. These factors inform the structure of this book, and each is examined individually. In contrast to existing publications, this inquiry does not take for granted a pre-existing national identity that simply manifested itself in the literary works of the period; nor does it proceed from preconceived notions of the playwrights’ political views. Instead, it understands the early modern stage as an essentially contested space in which conflicting political positions are played off against each other, and it inquires into how the imaginative work of negotiating these stances eventually contributed to a rising national self-awareness in the spectators.
Intention plays a complex role in human utterances. The interpretation of literary texts is a strong case in point: for about two hundred years there have been conflicting views about whether, and how much, authorial intention should matter when professional readers interpret literature. These debates grew increasingly fierce during the post-World War II period, the landmarks of which were the notions of intentional fallacy and the death of the author. Seventy-odd years later, there is still no consensus in sight. What has always been neglected in the debates around authorial intention, however, is a reflection on the historical dimension of the debate and how historically bound each of the theoretical positions in the debate were. This book focusses precisely on the historical dimension of authorial intention, providing a systematic historical reconstruction of the importance ascribed to it in literary texts from Classical Greece to the present day, and including a chapter on authorial intention in jurisdiction and legal interpretation from a historical perspective. The book reconstructs a typology of the most important concepts of intention in interpretation for diachronic and synchronic use. At the same time it offers insights from a field-theoretical perspective into how literary studies as a discipline works over time and how notions of intention and interpretation help create forms of literary knowledge.
Combining algebraic groups and number theory, this volume gathers material from the representation theory of this group for the first time, doing so for both local (Archimedean and non-Archimedean) cases as well as for the global number field case.
Marketing is under immense pressure to perform: required to submit reports to management, judged by the sales department based on whether it helps sales, scrutinized by financial controlling regarding how efficiently it uses budgets, and last but not least, under constant review by customers, markets and the public. Marketing faces more dilemmas and conflicts of interest than any other part of a company. The reason for this lies in the lack of a plan for marketing planning. This book not only identifies numerous examples of this problem as experienced by businesses, it also offers ways of solving the problem. Ralf Strauss highlights a 7 phase process for marketing planning, where the potential marketing can reach is demonstrated. Useful check lists included in this book allow the readers to readily create their own ‘plans for a marketing planning’. With insights drawn from more than 150 case studies included in the book, Marketing Planning by Design covers areas such as: How to overcome existing hurdles of marketing planning and marketing strategy. How to set up a project for managing the marketing planning cycle. How to develop a really target group and content driven marketing planning, which is stepwise cascaded from a program, campaign down to a tactical level. How to make marketing accountable in terms of performance measurement. How to implement an enhanced marketing planning in the organisation. How to systematically integrate Web 2.0 into marketing planning, or how to link marketing with modern IT. This highly practical book is destined to be a must-have reference work on any marketer’s desk.
The current textbook is an excellent inroduction to the chemistry of the non-metallic elements. The book begins by reviewing the key theoretical concepts of chemical bonding and the properties of different bonding types. Subsequent chapters are focused on reactions, structures and applications of the non-metallic compounds. Combining careful pedagogy and clear writing style, the textbook is a must-have for students studying inorganic chemistry.
Presenting the main concepts, this book leads students as well as advanced researchers from different disciplines to an understanding of current ideas in the complex field of comprehensive experimental investigation of biological objects, analysis of data, development of models, simulation, and hypothesis generation. It provides readers with guidance on how a specific complex biological question may be tackled: How to formulate questions that can be answered Which experiments to perform Where to find information in databases and on the Internet What kinds of models are appropriate How to use simulation tools What can be learned from the comparison of experimental data and modeling results How to make testable predictions The authors demonstrate how mathematical concepts can illuminate the principles underlying biology at a genetic, molecular, cellular and even organism level, and how to use mathematical tools for analysis and prediction.
An invaluable resource for computational biologists and researchers from other fields seeking an introduction to the topic, Chromatin: Structure, Dynamics, Regulation offers comprehensive coverage of this dynamic interdisciplinary field, from the basics to the latest research. Computational methods from statistical physics and bioinformatics are detailed whenever possible without lengthy recourse to specialized techniques.
User Interfaces (UI) of applications, since about 2010, are usually implemented by dedicated frontend programs, following a Rich-Client architecture and are based on the Web technologies HTML, CSS and JavaScript. This approach provides great flexibility and power, but comes with an inherent great overall complexity of UIs, running on a continuously changing technology stack. This is because since over twenty years Web technologies still progress at an extremely high invention rate and unfortunately at the same time still regularly reinvent part of their self. This situation is harmless for small UIs, consisting of just a handful dialogs and having to last for just about one or two years. However, it becomes a major hurdle for large UIs, consisting of a few hundred dialogs and having to last for five or more years. This is especially the case for the complex UIs of industrial Business Information Systems. The main scientific contribution of this dissertation is the Hierarchical User Interface Component Architecture (HUICA), a scalable software architecture for Rich-Client based User Interfaces. It is primarily based on the important architecture principle Separation of Concerns (SoC), the derived idea of Hierarchical Composition, the invented design pattern Model-View-Controller/Component-Tree (MVC/CT) and the existing concepts Presentation Model and Data Binding.
Multimedia Applications discusses the basic characteristics of multimedia document handling, programming, security, human computer interfaces, and multimedia application services. The overall goal of the book is to provide a broad understanding of multimedia systems and applications in an integrated manner: a multimedia application and its user interface must be developed in an integrated fashion with underlying multimedia middleware, operating systems, networks, security, and multimedia devices. Fundamental information and properties of hypermedia document handling, multimedia security and various aspects of multimedia applications are presented, especially about document handling and their standards, programming of multimedia applications, design of multimedia information at human computer interfaces, multimedia security challenges such as encryption and watermarking, multimedia in education, as well as multimedia applications to assist preparation, processing and application of multimedia content.
Provides the essential tools for appraising evidence and outlining steps for planning and implementing better efficacy research. This book aims to help researchers and practitioners develop the necessary skills for moving the augmentative and alternative communication field toward evidence-based practice.
Headache and other types of pain have some common characteristics concerning pain generation and chronicity. But some distinct pathophysiological processes are unique to the headache. This book explores pain mechanisms, diagnosis, and management of headache and other chronic pain through sessions of a joint symposium in 2012 in Hamburg, Germany, of IASP and the International Headache Society as part of the Global Year Against Headache. The goals of the meeting were to stimulate discussions about pain from different angles, establish potential cooperation and synergies between IASP and IHS, and most importantly, involve young scientists and help them build networks to advance their work. This book represents the current state of scientific discussions of the respective fields in both pain areas. It strictly follows the structure of the meeting ́s topics, which were chosen based on similarity of research interest of both fields. More than 100 young scientists and clinicians from 22 countries participated, with speakers from both societies represented in all sessions.
Focusing on fundamental ecotourism concepts, this broad-based textbook provides a basis for studies into environmental-based tourism. It covers key topics such as the management, economics, and potential environmental impacts, both positive and negative, of this popular and growing sector"--Publisher description.
This concise text introduces an integrated view of all project management-related activities in an organization, called Organizational Project Management (OPM). Practical cases from several organizations, as well as popular theories such as the Resource-Based Theory and Institutional Theory provide for an insightful yet realistic understanding of OPM as an integrative tool for organizations to improve their efficiency and effectiveness.
MF ist der Roman einer einmaligen Recherche. Es geht um den freiberuflichen Foto-Reporter Guy, der eine Festanstellung beim Skandalbrecher, einer Kapstaedter Mittagszeitung, sucht. Bevor er zum MF-Kenner anhand von unvollstaendigen Notizen wird, schreibt er ueber die Sensationsfunde von Dr Krizbic in einer Hoehle auf der Kaphalbinsel, und den Orangenkistenskandal auf der "Rocket Bean". Letzterer war ein Obstfrachter, der im Kapstaedter Hafen zurzeit der UN Sanktionen als Sanktionsbrecher vom Apartheids Regime eingesetzt wird. Aber die Suche nach Hintergruenden zur mysterioesen Erscheinung dieses MF bringt Guy auf Abwege und kostet ihnen seine kurze, doch langersehnte Festanstellung bei Kapstadts aeltester englischer Tageszeitung.
The effects of tourism on the ecology and natural environment of tourist destinations are hotly debated and research has expanded in the field of ecotourism and sustainability. This book considers the positive contributions that tourism can make to the conservation of global biodiversity by reviewing and analysing the economic and political contributions of tourism to conservation through establishment of private game and wildlife reserves, lodges and tourist facilities. Featuring 100 international case studies from private marine reserves to bird watching lodges, this book covers key topics including sources of capital and operational funding, corporate and organisational structure, marketing strategies, primary conservation outcomes and spin-off effects, links to public protected areas, future plans and global trends.
Applying current political theory on nationhood as well as methods established by recent performance studies, this study sheds new light on the role the public theatre played in the rise of English national identity around 1600. It situates selected history plays by Shakespeare and Marlowe in the context of non-fictional texts (such as historiographies, chorographies, political treatises, or dictionary entries) and cultural artefacts (such as maps or portraits), and thus highlights the circulation, and mutation, of national thought in late sixteenth-century culture. At the same time, it goes beyond a New Historicist approach by foregrounding the performative surplus of the theatre event that is so essential for the shaping of collective identity. How, this study crucially asks, does the performative art of theatre contribute to the dynamics of the formation of national identity? Although theories about the nature of nationalism vary, a majority of theorists agree that notions of a shared territory and history, as well as questions of religion, class and gender play crucial roles in the shaping of national identity. These factors inform the structure of this book, and each is examined individually. In contrast to existing publications, this inquiry does not take for granted a pre-existing national identity that simply manifested itself in the literary works of the period; nor does it proceed from preconceived notions of the playwrights’ political views. Instead, it understands the early modern stage as an essentially contested space in which conflicting political positions are played off against each other, and it inquires into how the imaginative work of negotiating these stances eventually contributed to a rising national self-awareness in the spectators.
This volume presents the proceedings of a conference hosted by the American School of Classical Studies, Athens and the Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Athens in 2004. There are additional contributions from Patricia Butz, Robin Osborne, Katherine Schwab, Justin St. P. Walsh, Hilda Westervelt and Lorenz Winkler-Horacek. The contents are divided into four sections I. Structure and Ornament; II. Technique and Agency; III. Myth and Narrative and IV. Diffusion and Influence. Highlights include Robin Osbornes discussion of What you can do with a chariot but cant do with a satyr on a Greek temple; Ralf von den Hoffs consideration of the Athenian treasury at Delphi; and Katherine Schwabs presentation of New evidence for Parthenon east metope 14. The papers not only cover a great variety of issues in architectural sculpture but also present a range of case studies from all over the Greek world. The result is an important collection of current research.
You'll have a sporting good time as you scout through the recreational items people have used over the years. It's all here - fishing rods, firearms, knives, sporting prints, books, calendars, stamps, and more. Hundreds of detailed photos guarantee that you can play hard and collect easily.
The Pfandbrief, a mostly triple-A rated German bank debenture, has become the blueprint of many covered bond models in Europe and beyond. The Pfandbrief is collateralized by long-term assets such as property mortgages or public sector loans as stipulated in the Pfandbrief Act. With a history that goes back to the 18th century and a high market share in today’s covered bond markets, the German Pfandbrief is the most established covered bond. Until today, no single Pfandbrief has ever defaulted. Even though Pfandbriefe have survived the financial crisis comparably unharmed, investors have become more sensitive regarding the creditworthiness of the corresponding issuer and sovereign, the strength of the legal (or contractual) framework and the quality of the cover pool serving as collateral. This monograph provides a structured in-depth analysis of the legal framework and the risks inherent in a Pfandbrief, taking into consideration recent market developments. Starting from the legal framework, the German Pfandbrief is introduced without requiring prior knowledge. Covered bond related risks are explained in detail and their relevance to the Pfandbrief is thoroughly discussed with focus on the two most common Pfandbrief types, mortgage and public Pfandbriefe. In addition to that, the monograph comes with an extensive collection of Pfandbrief-related literature and a glossary explaining the main technical terms.
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