Getting Started for Internet of Things with Launch Pad and ESP8266 provides a platform to get started with the Ti launch pad and IoT modules for Internet of Things applications. The book provides the basic knowledge of Ti launch Pad and ESP8266 based customized modules with their interfacing, along with the programming.The book discusses the application of Internet of Things in different areas. Several examples for rapid prototyping are included, this to make the readers understand the concept of IoT.The book comprises of twenty-seven chapters, which are divided into four sections and which focus on the design of various independent prototypes. Section-A gives a brief introduction to Ti launch pad (MSP430) and Internet of Things platforms like GPRS, NodeMCU and NuttyFi (ESP8266 customized board), and it shows steps to program these boards. Examples on how to interface these boards with display units, analog sensors, digital sensors and actuators are also included, this to make reader comfortable with the platforms. Section-B discusses the communication modes to relay the data like serial out, PWM and I2C. Section-C explores the IoT data loggers and shows certain steps to design and interact with the servers. Section-D includes few IoT based case studies in various fields. This book is based on the practical experience of the authors while undergoing projects with students and partners from various industries.
SECTION 1: Sepsis Diagnosis and Management 1. Precision Medicine in Septic Shock 2. Optimal Blood Pressure Target in Patients with Septic Shock 3. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines in 2022: What is New and what has Changed? 4. Individualizing Hemodynamics in Septic Shock 5. Adjunctive Therapies in Sepsis: Current Status 6. Refractory Septic Shock: What are the Options 7. Steroids in Sepsis and Clinical Outcomes 8. Candida auris: Detection, Prevention, and Management 9. Empirical Antifungal Treatment: Is It Justified? 10. Role of Steroids in Severe Community acquired Pneumonia 11. Procalcitonin: Can It Differentiate Bacterial versus Fungal Infection SECTION 2: Antimicrobial Therapy in ICU 12. Optimizing Antimicrobial Dosing in the Intensive Care Unit 13. Antibiotic within 1 hour: Should this be Applied to all Patients with Sepsis? 14. Dark Side of Antibiotics 15. Optimal Duration of Antibiotic Therapy 16. Cefiderocol: Is this the Answer to Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative Infection? SECTION 3: Respiratory Critical Care 17. Management of Pneumonia in Intensive Care 18. Reverse Triggering during Controlled Ventilation: A Frequent Dysynchrony with Various Consequences 19. Use of Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction in Pneumonia 20. Management of Complicated Pleural Effusion 21. Hepatic Hydrothorax 22. Submassive Pulmonary Embolism 23. Role of Magnesium in Respiratory Failure 24. ARDS in Children: How is it Different? 25. Safe Tracheal Intubation in Intensive Care Unit 26. Lateral Positioning: Does it Work? 27. Dyspnea in Patients on Invasive Ventilation: Clinical Impact 28. Complications of Noninvasive Ventilation Failure SECTION 4: Mechanical Ventilation 29. Setting Optimum PEEP 30. Open Lung or Keep Lung Closed: Which Strategy to Choose? 31. Driving Pressure or Mechanical Power: Which One to Monitor? 32. Measuring Respiratory Drive and Muscle Effort 33. Oxygenation Targets in Mechanically Ventilated Critically-ill Patients 34. Ventilatory Ratio: A New Monitoring Tool 35. Helmet NIV: Is it a Game Changer? 36. Electrical Impedance Tomography: Current Application 37. Automatic Tube Compensation: Does it have a Role? 38. High-frequency Oscillatory Ventilation in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome 39. Noninvasive Ventilation in Pediatrics: Current Status SECTION 5: Cardiovascular Critical Care 40. Crystalloid Resuscitation: Finding the Balance 41. Artificial Intelligence Tools to Optimize Hemodynamics in the ICU 42. Aggressive or Restrictive Fluid Resuscitation 43. Predicting Hypotension: Is It Useful? 44. Vasopressors: How Early? 45. Myocardial Injury after Noncardiac Surgery 46. Use of Vasopressin during Cardiac Arrest SECTION 6: Echocardiography and Ultrasound 47. Advances in Intensive Care Unit Echocardiography 48. Transesophageal Echocardiography: Is It Preferable in the Intensive Care Unit? 49. ECHO Features of Pulmonary Hypertension and Increased Left Atrial Pressures 50. Role of Echocardiography in Shock State 51. Use of Echocardiography in Assessing Fluid Responsiveness 52. Venous Excess Ultrasound Score (VExUS) SECTION 7: Nephrology, Fluids, Acid-Base Balance and Electrolytes Balance 53. Fluid Management in Acute Kidney Injury 54. Sepsis-associated Acute Kidney Injury: Common but Poorly Understood 55. Delayed versus Very Delayed Renal Replacement Therapy 56. Plasma Exchange in Intensive Care Unit: Current Status 57. Acute Kidney Injury Care Bundle 58. Biomarker-driven Therapy in AKI 59. How to Approach Dyselectrolytemias in a Patient on CRRT? SECTION 8: Neurocritical Care 60. Prognostication in
Phase change material (PCM)-based composite heat sinks have attracted great interest in recent decades, especially in the context of thermal management of portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, digital cameras, personal digital assistants, and notebooks. In this monograph, a detailed analysis of plate fin heat sinks and plate fin heat sink matrix is presented, based on in-house experiments. Performance benchmarks are articulated and presented for these heat sinks. The state of the art in the development of PCM-based heat sinks and the challenges are outlined, and directions on future development are provided. It is our sincere hope and trust that this book will not only be informative but also awaken curiosity and inspire thermal management solution seekers to delve deep into the ocean of research in PCM-based heat sinks and discover their own pearls and diamonds.
This book covers the physical principles, modelling, fabrication and applications of Tunnel Field Effect Transistors (TFETs) and Fin Field Effect Transistors (FinFETs). This is intended to act as a reference for undergraduate, postgraduate and research scholars belonging to backgrounds of Applied Physics, Electrical and Electronics Engineering and Material Science. Of paramount importance is the need to understand the simulation aspects of these devices, the validity of mathematical models, basics on fabrication and details of applications of these nanoscale devices. The presentation of the book assumes that the reader has fundamental concepts of semiconductor device physics and electronic circuits. A course such as the one this book is intended to accompany and motivate both students and scholars to get involved in the research on TFETs and FinFETs. Further, this book can act as a reference for device engineers and scientists who need to get updated information on device and technological developments.
PART I: RRT Section SECTION 1: AKI and Introduction to RRT Introduction to Renal Replacement Therapy 1. Managerial Aspects of Setting Up Renal Replacement Therapy in Intensive Care Unit 2. Acute Kidney Injury: Epidemiology and Causes SECTION 2: RRT: Basic Principles 3. Principles of Renal Replacement Therapy: Practical Applications 4. Types of Renal Replacement Therapy in ICU 5. Indications for Renal Replacement Therapy in ICU: Renal and Nonrenal 6. Initiation of Renal Replacement Therapy SECTION 3: RRT Components 7. RRT Hardware: Cannulas and Dialysis Membranes 8. CRRT: Know the Machine 9. Dialysate Fluids and Replacement Fluids in Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy SECTION 4: Management during RRT 10. Sustained Low-efficiency Extended Daily Dialysis in ICU 11. CRRT Prescription in ICU Patients 12. Anticoagulation in Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy 13. Transportation of Patients Who are on Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy 14. Monitoring during Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy 15. High-volume CRRT 16. Switch Over From or Termination of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy SECTION 5: Issues during RRT 17. Complications during Renal Replacement Therapy 18. Troubleshooting in Renal Replacement Therapy 19. Nutrition during Renal Replacement Therapy 20. Drug Dosing in Patients Receiving Renal Replacement Therapy SECTION 6: Renal Replacement Therapy: Special Considerations 21. Dyselectrolytemia and Renal Replacement Therapy in Critically Ill Patients 22. Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in Specific Situations/Diseases 23. Renal Replacement Therapy and Pregnancy 24. Acute Peritoneal Dialysis in ICU 25. Renal Replacement Therapy in Poisonings: Basic Principles 26. Hemoperfusion for the Treatment of Poisoning. 27. Therapeutic Apheresis 28. Extracorporeal Therapies in Sepsis 29. Renal Replacement Therapy in Children 30. Quality Assurance for Renal Replacement Therapy 31. Multiple Choice Questions on Renal Replacement Therapy PART II: ECMO Section SECTION 7: ECMO: Basic Principle Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Introduction 32. ECMO: Definition, Type, and Variants 33. ECMO Physiology 34. Indications and Contraindications of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation 35. Know the Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Machine: Circuit and Hardware SECTION 8: ECMO Component 36. Cannulation in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation 37. Circuit Priming and ECMO Initiation 38. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Circuit Diagram SECTION 9: ECMO: Administrative Issues 39. Development of ECMO Program 40. Communication, Consent, and Ethical Issues during ECMO 41. Cost Reduction Strategy during ECMO SECTION 10: Management during ECMO 42. Anticoagulation Management during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Heparin and Alternatives 43. Mechanical Ventilation in Patients Undergoing ECMO 44. Managing Pain, Anxiety and Psychological Issues during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation 45. Blood and Component Therapy during ECMO: When and Why? 46. Proning and Mobilization on ECMO 47. Monitoring during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation 48. Procedures during ECMO Emergency and Nonemergency 49. ECMO Weaning, Trial Off, and Decannulation 50. Post Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation 51. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Sepsis in Intensive Care Unit SECTION 11: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Complication 52. Infection Control Issues during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation 53. Managing Complication during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation 54. Managing Left Ventricular Distension during VA ECMO 5...
This book provides a platform to understand Internet of things with Raspberry Pi and the basic knowledge of the programming and interfacing of the devices and designed systems. It broadly covers introduction to Internet of Things and enabling technologies, interfacing with Raspberry Pi and Arduino and interfacing with Raspberry Pi GPIO. Internet of Things with Raspberry pi and Arduino is aimed at senior undergraduate, graduate students and professionals in electrical engineering, computer engineering including robotics.
Phase change material (PCM)-based composite heat sinks have attracted great interest in recent decades, especially in the context of thermal management of portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, digital cameras, personal digital assistants, and notebooks. In this monograph, a detailed analysis of plate fin heat sinks and plate fin heat sink matrix is presented, based on in-house experiments. Performance benchmarks are articulated and presented for these heat sinks. The state of the art in the development of PCM-based heat sinks and the challenges are outlined, and directions on future development are provided. It is our sincere hope and trust that this book will not only be informative but also awaken curiosity and inspire thermal management solution seekers to delve deep into the ocean of research in PCM-based heat sinks and discover their own pearls and diamonds.
This book highlights the recent developments on rhamnolipid biosurfactant, its properties, role on the natural environment and various applications. Recently, it has shown promising application in Environment, Agriculture, food, petroleum, and pharmaceutical industries due to its environment-friendly and easily degradable nature. The book emphasizes on the various techniques that are utilized for the detection and isolation of rhamnolipid biosurfactant from microorganisms. It highlights the various aspects of the rhamnolipid biosurfactants including structural characteristics, production, and its application. The book presents the current knowledge and the latest advances in the function-based metagenomics strategies to facilitate the exploration of the novel biosurfactants.
How effective is the Indian polity in making laws and policies to address changing ground realities? How do its gears work? Which stakeholder groups are more successful in bringing about policy change, through what methods, and in what contexts? Seeking to answer these questions, Shaping Policy in India takes a close look at nine landmark Indian laws and legislative attempts to reveal the sociopolitical process of policy formulation in the world’s largest democracy. Offering in-depth accounts of the evolution of these nine major legislations, this book interrogates the suitability of existing political theories to explain the policy development process in an emerging economy like India. It covers recent events in the 1999–2014 period that have underlined the role of non-government players in law-making in India, as well as long-standing movements like right to information, right to education, and food security. Case studies have been used to assess the complexity against the relief of existing political theories, invariably developed in the West and to identify gaps in current political theory in understanding the nature of issue-based political movements, advocacy, and activism. The book then takes a few initial steps towards suggesting a paradigm based on complexity theory that may better serve to illuminate this critical part of the political process.
This valuable new book offers a new perspective on dendrimers that bridges the gap between basic research and applied nanomedicine. It explores the ultimate effectiveness of dendrimers in theranostics, a promising field that combines therapeutics and diagnostics into single multifunctional formulations used to affect therapy or treatment of a disease state. The authors examine the potential uses of dendrimers, which have proven their capabilities in local/systemic drug delivery, physical stabilization of the drug, solubility enhancement of the poorly soluble drugs, and gene delivery.
Spine surgery has come to the age into the new millennium. This is an efficient technical guide designed, easy to use, concise, and accurate how-to reference for spine surgeons and residents in training who wish to attack a broad range of challenges in techniques of spine surgery. The world's foremost spine surgeons from USA, UK, Europe and Asia describe their preferred techniques in step-by-step approach, explaining the indications and contraindications, identifying pitfalls and potential complications. Improvement in technology and innovation has given spine surgery a new vision as well as a practical proposition. The book has been written in an atlas format and this one of a kind book offers a comprehensive coverage of all practical aspects of operative spine surgery. Covering the conventional as well as modern minimally invasive techniques to address various spine pathologies, all masters in the field present a clear layout, more than 400 high quality excellent illustrations and masterly tips and pearls to make a difficult spine surgery possible even for an average spine surgeon. The detailed operative steps plus all the images make the book a handy companion for all, involved in operative spine care.
This book is a platform for anyone who wishes to explore Artificial Intelligence in the field of agriculture from scratch or broaden their understanding and its uses. This book offers a practical, hands-on exploration of Artificial Intelligence, machine learning, deep Learning, computer vision and Expert system with proper examples to understand. This book also covers the basics of python with example so that any anyone can easily understand and utilize artificial intelligence in agriculture field. This book is divided into two parts wherein first part talks about the artificial intelligence and its impact in the agriculture with all its branches and their basics. The second part of the book is purely implementation of algorithms and use of different libraries of machine learning, deep learning and computer vision to build useful and sightful projects in real time which can be very useful for you to have better understanding of artificial intelligence. After reading this book, the reader will an understanding of what Artificial Intelligence is, where it is applicable, and what are its different branches, which can be useful in different scenarios. The reader will be familiar with the standard workflow for approaching and solving machine-learning problems, and how to address commonly encountered issues. The reader will be able to use Artificial Intelligence to tackle real-world problems ranging from crop health prediction to field surveillance analytics, classification to recognition of species of plants etc. Note: T&F does not sell or distribute the hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. This title is co-published with NIPA.
This revised and expanded second edition is a learning and self-assessment tool for the study of regional anesthesia. The first part deals with the basic principles of regional anesthesia and the equipment used. This is followed by sections on peripheral nerve blocks, central neuraxial blocks and pain. Pediatric regional anesthesia is discussed along with the adult blocks. There are additional MCQs in each section, and new chapters on the anatomy, physiology, assessment and monitoring of acute pain. This book is aimed at those studying for the European Society of Regional Anesthesia Diploma Examinations, regional anesthesia component of FRCA examinations, and exit examinations for regional anesthesia fellowships. It is also relevant to the regional anesthesia component of US Board examinations and the Canadian fellowships in regional anesthesia.
The study presents a critical review on the problems stemming from the nature and scope of the WTO remedies, and highlights in a comparative perspective the lacunas and inadequacies in the substantive and procedural aspects of WTO dispute settlement system.
Discusses the potential of radiation countermeasure agents and radiosensitizers of herbal origin, and their multifaceted mode of action, particularly in nuclear operations, rescue operations, deep space missions, and application during radiotherapy. This book is suitable for readers in radiation biology, radiation oncology, and military medicine.
This book focuses on two key issues confronting humanity, viz., energy and environment. There is a need to devise strategies for protecting the environment, at the same time adequately meeting the ever-growing energy needs of the world. Harnessing the power of microbes is one step towards finding cheap, green and sustainable solutions to the problems of energy and environment. The book is divided into eight major topics. These topics include emerging trends in microbial biotechnology, harnessing sustainable energy sources from microorganisms, mechanistics of bioenergy production, bioenergy from wastes and pollutant removal, microalgae for biofuels, bioremediation technologies for petroleum hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and xenobiotics, bioremediation of nuclear wastes, and the role of extremophilic microorganisms in environmental cleanup.
London, the very name of this iconic capital of United Kingdom evokes strong emotions and associations, wanderlust, fashion shopping, a plush lifestyle, land of the rich and famous, architecture dated back hundreds of years, rainy days, teatime; well, the list is endless. Wonders and joys of living in a multicultural, multiethnic, international city like London abound. This book, Treatise - the London Diaries is a compendium of scholarly articles, experiences, viewpoints, research reports, and even some historical accounts all with a perspective to London and United Kingdom and is intended for a very wholistic reading experience.
Phytochemicals and derivatives have become promising alternatives to increase treatment potential in cancer patients with minimal side effects. Drug-delivery Systems of Phytochemicals as Therapeutic Strategies in Cancer Therapy elucidates the importance of various phytochemicals in cancer therapy and explains various routes/methods to deliver phytochemicals for overcoming the problems associated with delivery system in cancer treatment. Several nanotechnological methods are followed to enhance drug solubility, sustainability, bioavailability and gastrointestinal permeability of these phytochemicals. The advanced field of drug-delivery systems explains that combination therapy for cancer treatment has important benefits over mono-delivery therapeutics. Natural compounds, because of their biobased origin, have drawn higher attention than synthetic drugs. Synthesis of nano-phytomedicines has impacted the bioavailability of phytochemicals. Novel formulations have been synthesized loaded with phytochemicals and have revealed extraordinary results in treatment of various cancers. Current understanding of the relevant information presented in Drug-delivery systems of phytochemicals as therapeutic strategies in cancer therapy fulfils the requirements of oncologists, molecular biologists, pharmacologist and related researchers, who want to work in the areas of drug development targeting phytochemicals for cancer therapy - Explains the significance of phytochemicals in cancer therapy, along with their pharmacologic action - Elucidates the importance of various phytochemicals in cancer therapy - Explains the emerging need of drug-delivery system for plant metabolites - Deciphers the various drug-delivery systems for phytomedicines involved in cancer treatments - Describes the crucial role of nanotechnology in the development of drug-delivery systems for anticancer phytochemicals - Explores the challenges associated with developing drug-delivery systems for phytochemicals to cure cancer
This book summarizes the emerging trends in the field of antibiotic resistance of various gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial species. The ability of different species of bacteria to resist the antimicrobial agent has become a global problem. As such, the book provides a comprehensive overview of the advances in our understanding of the origin and mechanism of resistance, discusses the modern concept of the biochemical and genetic basis of antibacterial resistance and highlights the clinical and economic implications of the increased prevalence of antimicrobial resistant pathogens and their ecotoxic effects. It also reviews various strategies to curtail the emergence and examines a number of innovative therapeutic approaches, such as CRISPR, phage therapy, nanoparticles and natural antimicrobials, to combat the spread of resistance.
This book reviews all important aspects of dietary research associated with cancer with the aim of shedding new light on these conditions through combined understanding of traditional and new paradigms. The book is divided into 17 chapters, the first portion reinterprets healthy diets for cancer based on up-to-date evidence from a network science perspective, examining the dietary patterns, outcome of diet related clinical trials, emerging framework of molecular mechanisms and interactions of dietary interventions and their applications in personalized diet, ground realities of benefits and regulatory frame work for functional foods, nutraceuticals and supplements in cancer prevention and upcoming future prospectus in diet-cancer research.. The later part of the book discusses recent advances in understanding of the elaborative discourse on cancer and fasting, covering, for example, calorie restriction and fasting mimicking diet. Finally, different Dietary research and approaches are considered in the context of novel intervention for cancer research. Dietary Research in Cancer will be of interest for all researchers, nutritionists, students and clinicians in the field.
The book embodies the detailed account about unique symbionts i.e. LICHENS in ecosystem monitoring. The first chapter deals with unique characteristics features of lichens which facilitate their survival in extreme climates and makes them an ideal organism for ecosystem monitoring. Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites are known to protect lichens against increasing environmental stresses therefore second chapter provides insight into various chromatographic and modern spectroscopic techniques involved in separation and characterization of lichen substances. The third chapter elaborates the criteria for selection of biomonitoring species and characters of host plant that influences lichen diversity and details about different lichen species utilized for biomonitoring. One can retrieve preliminary information about the air quality based on the lichen community structure and distribution of bioindicator species as lichen communities/indicator species provides valuable information about the natural/anthropogenic induced changes in the microclimate and land-use changes due to human activity. Therefore, for identification of species, a key to genera and species provides concise information to identify the lichen species based on their morphological and anatomical characters and chemicals present. Keys provided in Chapter 4 will help the beginners to identify some common lichen species based on the distribution in different climatic zones of India. The section also provides comprehensive information about the bioindicator communities and bioindicator species from India. Chapter 5 provides the details of factors affecting the ecosystem (natural as well as anthropogenic disturbances) and role of lichens in ecosystem monitoring in India has been discussed in detail. Chapter 6 discusses the need and utility of indicator species especially lichen biomonitoring data in sustainable forest management and conservation. The content about lichens in biomonitoring will be a valuable resource for researchers from different fields and will provide an essential reference for people interested in lichens and its role in ecosystem monitoring. The book will also hopefully popularize lichenological studies in India and will generate more active participation of lichen biomonitoring studies in management and conservation of natural resources in India.
A chapter from the Global Innovation Science Handbook, a comprehensive guide to the science, art, tools, and deployment of innovation, brought together by two Editors of the prestigious International Journal of Innovation Science, with ground-breaking contributions from global innovation leaders in every type of industry.
e-Book for Revised Curriculum and Credit Framework of Undergraduate Programme, Haryana According to KUK/CRSU University Syllabus as Per NEP-2020. Published by Thakur Publishers, Rohtak.
A chapter from the Global Innovation Science Handbook, a comprehensive guide to the science, art, tools, and deployment of innovation, brought together by two Editors of the prestigious International Journal of Innovation Science, with ground-breaking contributions from global innovation leaders in every type of industry.
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