Although there are several measures of fiscal transparency, none provides satisfactory information on certain issues of macroeconomic relevance, including whether fiscal data are available for all of general government, whether the government reports a balance sheet, and whether spending and revenue are reported on a cash or accrual basis. Drawing on government finance statistics reported to the IMF, this paper presents a new database of fiscal transparency for 186 countries in 2003–13 and derives from it indices of the overall comprehensiveness of fiscal statistics as well as specific indices of the coverage of public institutions, fiscal flows, and fiscal stocks, respectively. It finds evidence of gradual improvement, most notably in the coverage of institutions, but most countries’ reporting remains far from comprehensive
Designed for busy clinicians struggling to fit the critical issue of nutrition into their routine patient encounters, Nutrition in Clinical Practice translates the robust evidence base underlying nutrition in health and disease into actionable, evidence-based clinical guidance on a comprehensive array of nutrition topics. Authoritative, thoroughly referenced, and fully updated, the revised 4th edition covers the full scope of nutrition applications in clinical practice, spanning health promotion, risk factor modification, prevention, chronic disease management, and weight control – with a special emphasis on providing concisely summarized action steps within the clinical workflow. Edited by Dr. David L. Katz (a world-renowned expert in nutrition, preventive medicine, and lifestyle medicine) along with Drs. Kofi D. Essel, Rachel S.C. Friedman, Shivam Joshi, Joshua Levitt, and Ming-Chin Yeh, Nutrition in Clinical Practice is a must-have resource for practicing clinicians who want to provide well-informed, compassionate, and effective nutritional counseling to patients.
This book engages readers in an integrated and holistic discussion on titanium properties, applications, bioanalytical approaches and toxicity. Key issues include environmental titanium exposure and associated health risk concerns for both humans and aquatic organisms, exploring ecotoxicological effects. The book delves into the intricate web of ecotoxicological effects, offering valuable insights for researchers and professionals alike. With a broad appeal, this book is an indispensable resource for those immersed in the realms of oceanography, geochemistry, ecotoxicology, and environmental and public health, providing a multidisciplinary perspective on the intricate interplay between titanium and the natural world.
GIS and the Social Sciences offers a uniquely social science approach on the theory and application of GIS with a range of modern examples. It explores how human geography can engage with a variety of important policy issues through linking together GIS and spatial analysis, and demonstrates the importance of applied GIS and spatial analysis for solving real-world problems in both the public and private sector. The book introduces basic theoretical material from a social science perspective and discusses how data are handled in GIS, what the standard commands within GIS packages are, and what they can offer in terms of spatial analysis. It covers the range of applications for which GIS has been primarily used in the social sciences, offering a global perspective of examples at a range of spatial scales. The book explores the use of GIS in crime, health, education, retail location, urban planning, transport, geodemographics, emergency planning and poverty/income inequalities. It is supplemented with practical activities and datasets that are linked to the content of each chapter and provided on an eResource page. The examples are written using ArcMap to show how the user can access data and put the theory in the textbook to applied use using proprietary GIS software. This book serves as a useful guide to a social science approach to GIS techniques and applications. It provides a range of modern applications of GIS with associated practicals to work through, and demonstrates how researcher and policy makers alike can use GIS to plan services more effectively. It will prove to be of great interest to geographers, as well as the broader social sciences, such as sociology, crime science, health, business and marketing.
The Brassica genus contains diverse and economically important species and crops, for example, Brassica oleracea including cauliflower to kohlrabi, B.rapa including pak choi to mizuna, and aquatic crucifers such as watercress. These provide humankind with huge diversities of foods, promoting health and well-being. This substantially expanded second edition reflects the significant advances in knowledge of plant breeding and crop production which have occurred since publication of the original book in 2006. Embracing new Brassicaceae research and concepts of sustainable and automated crop production. An invaluable resource for all those involved in Brassica production, this is essential reading for researchers and students in horticulture and plant science, growers, producers, consultants and industry advisors.
Greenhouse control system manufacturers produce equipment and software with hundreds of settings and, while they hold training courses on how to adjust these settings, there is as yet no integrated instruction on when or why. Despite rapid growth in the greenhouse industry, growers are still faced with a multitude of variables and no unifying frame
Molecular force sensors are a powerful tool for studying the mechanics of cells. These sensors not only provide information on the general mechanical behavior of cells but also can help elucidate the mechanical markers of disease formation and progression. For example, can we use cell mechanics as a biomarker to diagnose cancer? What are the mechanics associated with immune system function? Can cell mechanics be used to better understand the effect of drug treatments? The number of available questions in the field of mechanobiology is endless. After reading this e-book, you will be equipped with the information needed to begin designing your own molecular force sensors, and to begin answering the multitude of questions surrounding cell mechanobiology.
For students with some knowledge of the language, the Grammaris comprised of 25 units, all with a particular grammar point and associated exercises. All entries are presented in both pinyinromanization and Chinese characters.
This unique compendium provides an insight into the role of emerging marine biorefineries based on macroalgae (seaweeds) in the development of a sustainable use of ocean resources for economic growth-blue economy.The useful reference text shows a complete picture on the motivation to develop seaweed technologies, and how the combination of biology, cultivation technologies and downstream processing with economics can address the social challenges through the blue growth.
Clothing and accessories from nineteenth-century China reveal much about women’s participation in the commercialization of textile handicrafts and the flourishing of urban popular culture. Focusing on women’s work and fashion, A Fashionable Century presents an array of visually compelling clothing and accessories neglected by traditional histories of Chinese dress, examining these products’ potential to illuminate issues of gender and identity. In the late Qing, the expansion of production systems and market economies transformed the Chinese fashion system, widening access to fashionable techniques, materials, and imagery. Challenging the conventional production model, in which women embroidered items at home, Silberstein sets fashion within a process of commercialization that created networks of urban guilds, commercial workshops, and subcontracted female workers. These networks gave rise to new trends influenced by performance and prints, and they offered women opportunities to participate in fashion and contribute to local economies and cultures. Rachel Silberstein draws on vernacular and commercial sources, rather than on the official and imperial texts prevalent in Chinese dress history, to demonstrate that in these fascinating objects—regulated by market desires, rather than imperial edict—fashion formed at the intersection of commerce and culture. A Fashionable Century is the winner of the Costume Society of America's Millia Davenport Publication Award and was long-listed for the Textile Society of America's R. L. Shep Award. The judges described the book as "an extraordinary achievement in scholarship working with source materials that are little-known outside of China and not otherwise available in English.
The Bioarchaeology of Metabolic Bone Disease, Second Edition is a comprehensive source dedicated to better understanding this group of conditions that have significant consequences for health in both past and present communities on a global scale. This edition presents an updated introduction to the biology and metabolism of mineralised tissues that are fundamental to understanding the expression of the metabolic bone diseases in skeletal remains. The extensive advances in understanding of these conditions in both bioarchaeological and biomedical work are brought together for the reader. Dedicated chapters focussing on each disease emphasise the integration of up-to-date clinical background with the biological basis of disease progression to give guidance on identification. New chapters covering anaemia and approaches to recognising the co-occurrence of pathological conditions have been included, reflecting recent advances in research. Boxes highlighting significant issues, use of information from sources such as texts and nonhuman primates, and theoretical approaches are included in the text. Each chapter closes with 'Core Concepts' that summarise key information. The final chapter reviews current challenges in bioarchaeology and provides directions for future research. This is a must-have resource for users at all career stages interested in integrating information on the metabolic bone diseases into bioarchaeological projects. - Covers deficiencies of vitamin C and D, osteoporosis (age-related and secondary), Paget's disease of bone, anaemia and approaches to disease co-occurrence - Contains clear and user-friendly guidance for macroscopic, radiological and microscopic diagnoses - Highlights current inquiries and debates in biological anthropology, bioarchaeology, palaeopathology, medical history and clinical/biomedical research - Extensive figures, most new or updated, provide invaluable information on biological processes and lesion expression through diagrams and photographs
An important first step in studying the demography of wild animals is to identify the animals uniquely through applying markings, such as rings, tags, and bands. Once the animals are encountered again, researchers can study different forms of capture-recapture data to estimate features, such as the mortality and size of the populations. Capture-recapture methods are also used in other areas, including epidemiology and sociology. With an emphasis on ecology, Analysis of Capture-Recapture Data covers many modern developments of capture-recapture and related models and methods and places them in the historical context of research from the past 100 years. The book presents both classical and Bayesian methods. A range of real data sets motivates and illustrates the material and many examples illustrate biometry and applied statistics at work. In particular, the authors demonstrate several of the modeling approaches using one substantial data set from a population of great cormorants. The book also discusses which computer programs to use for implementing the models and contains 130 exercises that extend the main material. The data sets, computer programs, and other ancillaries are available at www.capturerecapture.co.uk. The book is accessible to advanced undergraduate and higher-level students, quantitative ecologists, and statisticians. It helps readers understand model formulation and applications, including the technicalities of model diagnostics and checking.
The simplest, most-readable guide to navigating health care delivery in the United States One of the most popular resources of its kind, Understanding Health Policy: A Clinical Approach provides everything you need to master the U.S. health care system’s nuances and complexities. Written by practicing primary care physicians who are experts in health care policy, this comprehensive guide covers the entire scope of the U.S. health care system and draws on lessons from systems in other nations. New content in this fully updated edition includes deeper coverage of: • Cost and financing issues, with an emphasis on how it impacts the U.S. economy • Public health systems, including a discussion of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on health policy and delivery • Social determinants of health and disparities • Professional burnout and its impact on health care delivery • The Affordable Care Act, Accountable Care Organizations, and system consolidation Packed with clinical vignettes highlighting key policy issues and clarifying difficult concepts, Understanding Health Policy weaves key principles, descriptions, and concrete examples into chapters that make vital health policy issues interesting and understandable. Whether you’re a student, medical practitioner, or public policy professional, you will come away with a clearer, more systematic way of thinking about our health care system, its biggest challenges, and the most effective ways of making it better for everyone.
Thoroughly revised and updated since its initial publication in 2010, the second edition of this gold standard guide for case managers again helps readers enhance their ability to work with complex, multimorbid patients, to apply and document evidence-based assessments, and to advocate for improved quality and safe care for all patients. Much has happened since Integrated Case Management (ICM), now Value-Based Integrated Case Management (VB-ICM), was first introduced in the U.S. in 2010. The Integrated Case Management Manual: Valued-Based Assistance to Complex Medical and Behavioral Health Patients, 2nd Edition emphasizes the field has now moved from “complexity assessments” to “outcome achievement” for individuals/patients with health complexity. It also stresses that the next steps in VB-ICM must be to implement a standardized process, which documents, analyzes, and reports the impact of VB-ICM services in removing patient barriers to health improvement, enhancing quality and care coordination, and lowering the financial impact to patients, providers, and employer groups. Written by two expert case managers who have used VB-ICM in their large fully disseminated VB-ICM program and understand its practical deployment and use, the second edition also includes two authors with backgrounds as physician support personnel to case managers working with complex individuals. This edition builds on the consolidation of biopsychosocial and health system case management activities that were emphasized in the first edition. A must-have resource for anyone in the field, The Integrated Case Management Manual: Value-Based Assistance to Complex Medical and Behavioral Health Patients, 2nd Edition is an essential reference for not only case managers but all clinicians and allied personnel concerned with providing state-of-the-art, value-based integrated case management.
This guide to the South Dakota region that houses the world’s richest fossil beds does “an excellent job of presenting the current state of knowledge” (Choice). The forbidding Big Badlands in Western South Dakota contain the richest fossil beds in the world. Even today these rocks continue to yield new specimens brought to light by snowmelt and rain washing away soft rock deposited on a floodplain long ago. The quality and quantity of the fossils are superb: most of the species to be found there are known from hundreds of specimens. The fossils in the White River Group (and similar deposits in the American west) preserve the entire late Eocene through the middle Oligocene, roughly 35-30 million years ago and more than thirty million years after non-avian dinosaurs became extinct. The fossils provide a detailed record of a period of abrupt global cooling and what happened to creatures who lived through it. This book is a comprehensive reference to the sediments and fossils of the Big Badlands, and also touches on National Park Service management policies that help protect such significant fossils. Includes photos and illustrations “A worthy successor to the work of O’Harra.” —Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
Karniol engagingly presents social development in children through the language of preference management. Conversational excerpts garnered from around the world trace how parents talk about preferences, how infants' and children's emergent language conveys their preferences, how children themselves are impacted by others' preferences, and how they in turn influence the preferences of adults and peers. The language of preferences is used to crack into altruism, aggression, and morality, which are ways of coming to terms with other people's preferences. Behind the scenes is a cognitive engine that uses transformational thought – conducting temporal, imaginal, and mental transformations – to figure out other people's preferences and to find more sophisticated means of outmanoeuvring others by persuading them and playing with one's own mind and other people's minds when preferences are blocked. This book is a unique and sometimes amusing must-read for anyone interested in child development, language acquisition, socialisation, and communication.
Disorders of the gastrointestinal tract make up some of the most common illnesses experienced across the lifespan affecting individuals in infancy, childhood and adulthood. This essential guide to the gastrointestinal system will enable nurses and allied health professionals to apply principles of anatomy and physiology to clinical practice. Taking a practical and evidence-based approach, each chapter explores associated anatomy, function and abnormalities. Chapters use selected pathology and associated pathophysiology, from across the lifespan, to support understanding of how disorders can disrupt the development and function of the gastrointestinal tract. The accessible writing style and full colour illustrations make this an ideal introduction for students and professionals new to gastrointestinal care.
This book helps educators provide opportunities for their students to engage in creative and collaborative projects that blur the lines between subjects and promote problem-finding and problem-solving activities. It offers a global perspective on makerspaces through an Indian and Australian lens, illustrating the commonalities between the approach and the pedagogy in order to highlight the universal nature of these essential 21st-century skills. The book is particularly useful for science, technology and mathematics teachers, highlighting the potential of engaging in a more integrated curriculum approach to their specific discipline. It is of great interest to scholars whose research focuses on understanding 21st-century skills and how they can be taught and assessed in a school setting. It is an indispensable resource for teacher educators, school administrators, curriculum designers, policymakers and researchers in the field of science education.
The most comprehensive review available for the PANCE® and PANRE®—fully revised and updated with all-new professional practice content More than 1,300+ Q&As Help You Achieve Your Highest Score Possible on the PANCE® AND PANRE Exams® 1,300+ multiple-choice questions supplement coursework and help you prepare for the certification exams Each question is accompanied by a detailed, referenced answer Organized by body system to help you pinpoint your areas of strength and weakness High-yield chapter on test-taking skills and techniques—plus score boosting-hints Includes 40% new Q&As with coverage of the latest treatment and diagnostic tests New! Professional practice chapter and expanded color page supplements for images and ECGs Thorough review of basic science and clinical science concepts Topics include Cardiovascular, Dermatology, Endocrinology, EENT, Gastroenterology, Genitourinary, Hematology/Oncology, Infectious Disease, Musculoskeletal, Nephrology, Neurology, Psychiatry, Pulmonology, Reproductive Medicine
The most complete question-and-answer review for the PANCE and PANRE—now fully revised and updated Lange Q&A Physician Assistant Examination is filled with over 1,300 Q&As that help you gear up for the PANCE and PANRE. All questions appear in the style you will see on the actual exam, and are accompanied by a detailed answer explanation and references. In addition, each question in this skill-sharpening guide is conveniently organized by organ system or specialty area to help you quickly zero in on areas of strength and weakness. A valuable opening chapter on test-taking skills and techniques provides score-boosting hints on how to best prepare for taking the exam. Also included with the book is access to one complete online practice test that simulates the test-taking experience. The content of Lange Q&A Physician Assistant Examination is reviewed by a team of PA students for accuracy and relevancy and is organized by organ system and specialty areas of practice. The seventh edition of this first-rate test-prep tool is thoroughly revised with 40% new Q&As. The book is also redesigned in an eye-catching 2-color layout that enhances readability and review of the material. Taken together, Lange Q&A Physician Assistant Examination has everything you need to ace the PANCE and PANRE. More than 1,300 multiple choice questions with detailed answer explanations and references you will encounter on the national certification and recertification exams Includes 40% new Q&As, 25 additional illustrations and images, and full-color dermatology images Provides authoritative coverage of internal medicine and surgery subspecialties Companion online practice test for the most thorough preparation possible
The Unofficial Guides® are the Consumer Reports of travel guides, offering candid evaluations of their destinations' attractions, hotels, restaurants, shopping, nightlife, sports, and more, all rated and ranked by a team of unbiased inspectors so even the most compulsive planners can be sure they're spending their time and money wisely. Each guide addresses the needs of everyone from families to business travelers, with handy charts that demonstrate how each place stacks up against the competition. Plus, all the details are pulled out so they're extremely easy to scan. Look no further than The Unofficial Guide® to New York City for honest, streetwise advice that allows you to feel safe, comfortable, and at home in the Big Apple. We'll give you detailed reviews of all the top attractions and unbiased ratings of all the best hotels and restaurants, and clue you in on everything you'll need to know to get around like a local. The Top 5 Ways The Unofficial Guide® to New York City Can Help You Have the Perfect Trip: The straight truth on all the attractions, from Central Park to the Statue of Liberty How to get tickets to the hottest Broadway shows--and not pay full price for them Hotels at every price level, ranked and rated for value and quality of rooms--plus proven strategies for getting the best rates All the best New York restaurants, plus the inside story on shopping--where to get the best for less How to plan and get the most out of your business or convention trip
The foundational knowledge and practical actions you need to effectively address your patients’ emotions—and manage your own Emotions are ever-present in the context of illness and medical care and can have an enormous impact on the well-being of patients and healthcare providers alike. Despite this impact, emotions are often devalued in a medical culture that praises stoicism and analytical reasoning. Featuring the latest theories and research on emotion in healthcare, this much-needed resource will help you build the necessary skillset to navigate the extraordinary emotional demands of practicing medicine. Emotion in the Clinical Encounter will help you: Learn the science of emotion, as it relates to clinical care Understand the role of emotion in illness Recognize the connection between clinical response to patient emotions and care outcomes Develop effective strategies for emotion recognition Build strong emotional dialogue skills for medical encounters Identify biases that may shape clinical interactions and subsequent outcomes Understand emotion regulation in patients, providers, and in the clinical relationship Address challenges and opportunities for clinical emotional wellness Identify a new path forward for delivering emotion-based medical school curricula “How did we manage for this long in healthcare without this textbook? This is an essential guide to help both trainees and established clinicians sharpen their skills. Our patients will only benefit when we bring our full set of skills to the bedside." —Danielle Ofri MD, PhD, Clinical Professor of Medicine, New York University, Editor-in-Chief of Bellevue Literary Review, and author of What Doctors Feel: How Emotions Affect the Practice of Medicine “This is a unique contribution that deeply explores the role of emotions in clinical medicine, drawing on a wide range of disciplines and presenting both scholarly paradigms and practical applications. It should be essential reading for medical educators, clinicians and patient advocates who all aim to better navigate today’s frustrating healthcare system.” —Jerome Groopman MD, Recanati Professor Harvard Medical School, and author of How Doctors Think “Emotion in the Clinical Encounter is a must-read book for clinicians. It would be especially helpful if medical students start their careers by reading this invaluable volume to gain a deeper understanding of human emotion. The book is evidence-based and detailed enough to be perhaps the definitive guide to emotions for the clinician.” —William Branch, MD, MACP, FACH, The Carter Smith, Sr Professor of Medicine, Emory University
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