Douglas MacArthur and Dwight D. Eisenhower brought World War II to a close in decidedly different ways. Was MacArthur a vainglorious actor, as some who observed his triumphant ceremony aboard the Missouri concluded? Was Eisenhower as dry and colorless as the "ceremony" at Reims suggests? In MacArthur and Eisenhower, author Robert McDougall describes how these two very different leaders came to be two of the most important people on earth and what they each did with their fame and leadership potential after the war ended. McDougall details how the careers of both men encompass many of the important events of the first two-thirds of the twentieth century. MacArthur emerges as a brilliant strategist who defeated and rebuilt Japan and saved South Korea, but his egocentric posturing masked the heavy burden he bore aspiring to duplicate the exploits of his illustrious father. Eisenhower comes into focus as a likeable and efficient organizer who always kept his teams working together. He defeated Hitler and, as president, dealt effectively with the numerous challenges of postwar America. Yet, ever the consummate moderate, he may have missed opportunities to reach loftier goals with bold strokes. MacArthur and Eisenhower assesses the leadership styles of these men as they play their roles across the world stage during World War I, the inter-war period, and the Cold War.
The Bell System dominated telecommunications in the United States and Canada for most of the twentieth century, but its monopoly was not inevitable. In the decades around 1900, ordinary citizens—farmers, doctors, small-town entrepreneurs—established tens of thousands of independent telephone systems, stringing their own wires to bring this new technology to the people. Managed by opportunists and idealists alike, these small businesses were motivated not only by profit but also by the promise of open communication as a weapon against monopoly capital and for protection of regional autonomy. As the Bell empire grew, independents fought fiercely to retain control of their local networks and companies—a struggle with an emerging corporate giant that has been almost entirely forgotten. The People's Network reconstructs the story of the telephone's contentious beginnings, exploring the interplay of political economy, business strategy, and social practice in the creation of modern North American telecommunications. Drawing from government documents in the United States and Canada, independent telephone journals and publications, and the archives of regional Bell operating companies and their rivals, Robert MacDougall locates the national debates over the meaning, use, and organization of the telephone industry as a turning point in the history of information networks. The competing businesses represented dueling political philosophies: regional versus national identity and local versus centralized power. Although independent telephone companies did not win their fight with big business, they fundamentally changed the way telecommunications were conceived.
In Righting Health Policy, D. Robert MacDougall argues that bioethics needs but does not have adequate tools for justifying law and policy. Bioethics’ tools are mostly theories about what we owe each other. But justifying laws and policies requires more; at a minimum, it requires tools for explaining the legitimacy of actions intended to control or influence others. It consequently requires political, rather than moral, philosophy. After showing how bioethicists have consistently failed to use tools suitable for achieving their political aims, MacDougall develops an interpretation of Kant’s political philosophy. On this account, the legitimacy of health laws does not derive from the morality of the behaviors they require but derives instead from their role in securing our equal freedom from each other. MacDougall uses this Kantian account to show the importance of political philosophy for bioethics. First, he shows how evaluating kidney markets in terms of the legitimacy of prohibiting sales rather than the morality of selling kidneys reverses the widely accepted view that Kantian philosophy supports legally prohibiting markets. Second, MacDougall argues that an account of political authority is necessary for settling longstanding bioethics debates about the legal and even moral standards that should govern informed consent.
Justice Robert MacDougall would surely be judged as successful, although he would find that assessment overly generous. Very few know the secret regret that he has carried from his youth, the consequence and gravity of which has always been with him and now threatens to overwhelm him.He is relieved to be done with a difficult human trafficking trial as he approaches a well-deserved retirement. A last-minute change in schedule puts him in front of a young defendant who reminds Robert of himself at nineteen, growing up in the poor east end of town. He is filled with an all too familiar melancholy as the encounter takes him back to that time when it all began.Robert is struggling, more now than ever before, with strange dreams and nightmares. He curses the recurrent visions that have for so long haunted him. He is no stranger to these troubled thoughts and regrets about his younger life, especially that one seemingly irredeemable regret that has stayed with him for all these years. It was December 20, 1963, a date burned into his memory, when Robert's world came crashing down on the night that everything changed. If he could only turn back the hands of time and prevent that which he regrets most in life. He knows it's not possible, an emotional and irrational thought. But what if?The arrival of an early January gift, containing old, black and white photos, starts a series of events that catapults him back to where it all began. Robert's early life replays, one more time, with his own life very much on the line. Is this a second chance?
In the great family of the animals, to which we ourselves belong, many different kinds of feet and hands are to be found. This book deals with the evolution of our feet and hands. “The succession of organic modifications which resulted in the formation of the human hand is part of the general process of evolution by which in the animal series the means of progression and of the taking of food were shaped by the environmental conditions under which life was carried on... The functions of life which call into service the bodily limbs are chiefly two—locomotion, an activity which has arisen in connection with the search for food and flight from enemies; and prehension, which is concerned primarily with the grasping and tearing of food, but secondarily also with processes assistive of locomotion and other biological functions, such as sexual congress, the care of the body, burrowing and climbing. Of these two functions, if we regard the vertebrate class only, the former is the more primitive. Upon the office of locomotion the prehensive and manipulative activities of the limb have been superposed as subsequent and more specialized adaptations....”
The shift from orality to literacy that began with the invention of the phonetic alphabet, and which went into high-gear with Gutenberg's printing press more than 500 years ago, helped make the modern world. Some commentators have argued that this shift from orality to literacy marked a much broader, cultural shift of cataclysmic proportions. Today, with everything from e-mail to blogs, iPods and podcasts, through Google, Yahoo, eBay, and with cutting-edge smart phones, we find ourselves developing relationships with these newest communication tools that aren't simply allowing us to communicate faster, farther and with more ease than ever before. We aren't just moving around ideas, data, and information at unimaginable speed and scale. Our interminglings and fusions with digital communication technologies are also altering both individual and group consciousness in fundamental ways--how we form and sustain relationships, how we think and perceive, what it means to see and to feel. We are remaking human identity once more, and manufacturing a new kind of culture along the way. The processes bound up in our digination may well be consequential to the trajectory of human evolution. That time-honored trope: the notion that technology is not the problem, rather, it's how people use technology that's the problem is shown to be wanting. Highlighting Marshall McLuhan's "tetrads" or laws of media as a primary tool of analysis, R.C. MacDougall argues in line with other media ecologists that it's not so much how we use certain tools that matters, it's that we use them. More than any other technological form perhaps, communication technologies play particularly powerful and systemic roles in our culture, or any culture for that matter. Late adopters and even abstainers are not exempt from the psychological, social and cultural effects (and side-effects) of modern digital communication technology. While there are certainly varying degrees of immersion--that is to say, while some of us live in the high-rise downtown district, some at the city limits, and still others out in the proverbial "woods"--we all live in Digination today.
Robert MacDougall's The Emigrant's Guide to North America, written in Gaelic and published in 1841, attempts to give an accurate picture of Canada. Set up to provide a practical background for Highland Scots coming to Canada, it includes all the information MacDougall feels will be necessary -- including preparation for the trip. The book also serves as a type of travelogue, describing particular sights and sounds found on the way to his ultimate destination, Goderich, in the Huron Tract. This translated work retains the unmistakable speech patterns, images and rhymes of the Gaelic language. Robert MacDougall's quirky, opinionated personality speaks clearly, seeking to dispel some myths about Canada of the time by telling the "truth." This book deserves to be read by a wide audience. "I don't know where else you could find such riches of information and observation, so compactly presented, about this exhilirating and trying time in our past. Or get so fresh a sense of a real man of that time, with his energy and sweeping opinions and flourishing rhetoric. The translator and the editor have done a splendid job." -- Alice Munro>
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No way to fight a war explores our drift from a full commitment to victory in war; how we lost our way; and most importantly, how we find our way back before it's too late."--P. [4] of cover.
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