This book presents the basics of superconductivity and applications of superconducting magnets. It explains the phenomenon of superconductivity, describes theories of superconductivity, and discusses type II and high-temperature cuprate superconductors. The main focus of the book is the application of superconducting magnets in accelerators, fusion reactors and other advanced applications such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), high-gradient magnetic separation (HGMS), and superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES). This new and significantly extended second edition covers the state of the art in the development of novel superconductors for advanced magnet applications, as well as the production of practical superconducting wires, tapes, and ultra high current cables used for high-field magnets. It includes two new chapters each devoted to MgB2 and Fe-based superconductors, and discusses the recently developed and world record-setting 45.5-Tesla magnetic field generated by a combination of conventional and high-temperature cuprate superconducting magnets. In addition, it discusses the status and outlook of all current and future nuclear fusion reactors worldwide. The chapter on accelerators includes the ongoing efforts to build high luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), the high-energy 28 TeV LHC (HE-LHC), the future circular collider (FCC) at CERN, and the just launched electro-ion collider (EIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The book is based on the long-standing experience of the author in studying superconducting materials, building magnets and delivering numerous lectures to research scholars and students. The book provides comprehensive and fundamental knowledge in the field of applied superconductivity, greatly benefiting researchers and graduate students wishing to learn more about the various aspects of superconductivity and advanced magnet applications.
The book comprehensively covers the subject of Court Martial, expanding the concept of the decision-making process of court-martial, for the reasons contextually explained, to include not only the decisions of court-martial proper on various issues before it, but also the pre and the post- trial matters, including investigation of the reported offence and review of the trial proceedings. Some of the specific questions designed to cover the subject relate to highly debatable and sensitive issues, such as the desirability of extending the court-martial jurisdiction to all civilian offenders in terrorism-struck areas like J&K. Similarly, much controversial Service issues, like command influence, human right violations by armed forces personnel, advisibility of continuing with summary court-martial in the Army, the court-martial verdict being a foregone conclusion and the trial procedure mere formality, the requirement of providing for bail and plea bargaining in the court- martial procedure et al, have been included in the book.
The choice of foreign operation methods, whether they are used singly or in combination, is a critical question for internationalising companies. This thoroughly updated edition of a successful text provides comprehensive coverage of the main tools companies use in seeking to penetrate foreign markets – covering investment, exporting and contractual arrangements such as franchising and management contracts. An important feature of this book is its thorough overview of theoretical and strategic perspectives such as mode packaging, mode switching and mode flexibility and will be invaluable for final year undergraduate and postgraduate students.
This book is an introduction to the theory and technology of integrated op tics for graduate students in electrical engineering, and for practicing engi neers and scientists who wish to improve their understanding of the princi pIesand applications ofthis relatively new, and rapidly growing, field. Integrated Optics is the name given to a new generation of opto-electro nie systems in which the familiar wires and cables are replaced by light waveguiding optical fibers, and conventional integrated circuits are replaced by optical integrated circuits (OIC's). In an OIC, the signal is carried by means of a beam of light rather than by an electrical current, and the various circuit elements are interconnected on the substrate wafer by optical wave guides. Some advantages of an integrated-optic system are reduced weight, increased bandwidth (or multiplexing capability), resistance to electro magnetic interference, and low loss signal transmission. Because of the voluminous work that has been done in the field of inte grated optics since its inception in the late 1960's, the areas of fiber optics and optical integrated circuits have usually been treated separately at confe rences and in textbooks. In the author's opinion, this separation is unfortu nate because the two areas are closely related. Nevertheless, it cannot be denied that it may be a practical necessity.
A spectacular transition is under way in the Pacific Islands, as a result of which all our lives will be radically different. In the last fifty years or so, Asia has begun to play a bigger and bigger role in all aspects of Islands life - migration, trade and investment, aid and development, information and media, religion, culture and sport. It is replacing the West. The process is irreversible. With his trademark breadth and depth of knowledge and understanding of the region, based on over half a century of experience, study and deliberation, Ron Crocombe documents the early connections between Asia and the Pacific, details recent and continuing changes, and poses challenging theories about the future."--Publisher.
Discover the fascinating stories behind humankind's conquest of the skies, from dreamers and inventors to modern-day astronauts. Take a sky-high journey through the Wright brothers' first powered flight, to Concorde's final voyage, to the tragic crash of the Columbia, and more, in this stunning book packed with information on the history of aviation. Charting the trailblazers, jet test pilots, and constant progress at the cutting-edge of technology, every aspect of flight is explored. Recalling memorable events of the sky - record-breaking flights, aerial warfare, and hijackings - Flight is the story of how our dream to fly became a reality. This visual guide features remarkable photography on every page and galleries throughout to showcase important aircraft - with multiple viewpoints and their key statistics. Anyone interested in airplanes and vehicles of the sky, and their inventors, engineers, and pilots should have this book on their shelf.
You are creative. No doubt about it. But you are not aware of it. Your creative potentials are dormant, waiting to be aroused from deep slumber. This book aims just at that objective by answering an array of questions like: What is creativity? Why is it dormant? How to unlock it? How do we define a problem? How to find a useful solution to a problem? And so on. All that it requires to answer such questions is: DESIRE and WILL. We have a much greater thinking capacity than we ever use. While unfolding this truth, this book reveals the strategies to remove roadblocks and negativity that stunts the growth of the imaginative faculty. After getting the feel of release, discussions lead to ways and means of developing creativity, i.e. unique ability to solve problems in an innovative way. Efforts are also made to convince the readers that creativity can be applied each day to many aspects of our everyday life by following the leads. If you desire to ignite the latent spark in your mind, and cherish to be creative, this book is for you.
Much progress has been made in scattering theory since the publication of the first edition of this book fifteen years ago, and it is time to update it. Needless to say, it was impossible to incorporate all areas of new develop ment. Since among the newer books on scattering theory there are three excellent volumes that treat the subject from a much more abstract mathe matical point of view (Lax and Phillips on electromagnetic scattering, Amrein, Jauch and Sinha, and Reed and Simon on quantum scattering), I have refrained from adding material concerning the abundant new mathe matical results on time-dependent formulations of scattering theory. The only exception is Dollard's beautiful "scattering into cones" method that connects the physically intuitive and mathematically clean wave-packet description to experimentally accessible scattering rates in a much more satisfactory manner than the older procedure. Areas that have been substantially augmented are the analysis of the three-dimensional Schrodinger equation for non central potentials (in Chapter 10), the general approach to multiparticle reaction theory (in Chapter 16), the specific treatment of three-particle scattering (in Chapter 17), and inverse scattering (in Chapter 20). The additions to Chapter 16 include an introduction to the two-Hilbert space approach, as well as a derivation of general scattering-rate formulas. Chapter 17 now contains a survey of various approaches to the solution of three-particle problems, as well as a discussion of the Efimov effect.
Leprous neuropathy, which is due to infection of nerve cells by Mycobacterium leprae, still affects millions of people in many developing countries. The clinical and pathological manifestations are determined by the natural resistance of the host to invasion of M. Leprae. Failure of early detection of leprosy often leads to severe disability in spite of eradication of mycobacterium at a later date. In the lepromatous type, bacilli are easily found in the skin and in nerve cells including Schwann cells, endothelial cells, and macrophages. In the tuberculoid type, a strong cell-mediated immune reaction leads to formation of granulomas and destruction of cells harboring bacilli and neighboring nerve fibers. In many cases, treatment of patients with the multibacillary leprosy is complicated by reversal reaction and further nerve damage. Nerve lesions lead to a symmetrical, pseudo-polyneuritic pattern in most cases of lepromatous leprosy, which is usually associated with typical skin lesions, but pure neuritic forms occur in up to 10% of patients with lepromatous leprosy. In the pure neuropathic cases, only nerve biopsy permits diagnosis. The multifocal pattern is more common in tuberculoid leprosy. Treatment is currently based on multidrug therapy with dapsone, rifampicin, and clofazimine. The use of corticosteroids can reduce or prevent nerve damage in reversal reactions. It is important to remember that sequelae, especially sensory loss, are extremely common, which can lead to secondary trophic changes due to repeated trauma in painless areas.
Cyclo-octatetraene is a compound of fundamental importance to theoretical chemists and has played an outstanding role in many aspects of organic and organometallic chemistry. As [8]annulene, the next higher vinylogue of benzene, it is essential to the understanding of cyclic alternating pi systems. As a medium-ring polyene, it undergoes a wide variety of reactions that are often accompanied by skeletal transformations, and it is the progenitor of a large number of interesting species, ranging in complexity from cyclobutadiene to triamantane. It also forms an exceptional variety of complexes with transition metals, important from the viewpoint of bonding theory, and increasingly useful in providing routes to systems that are not readily available by the conventional transformations of organic chemistry. The recent rapid developments and growth of interest in the study of cyclo-octatetraenes and its derivatives make this comprehensive review especially timely.
Given that treatment with curative intent is possible in only one-half of cancer victims, and that such treatment frequently fails, the majority of patients with cancer will require relief of symptoms and signs caused by their disease. In this book, the specific contribution of radiation therapy to palliation is considered within the context of multidisciplinary management. Individual chapters are devoted to palliative radiation therapy for primary tumours and metastases at different sites. The management of pain is discussed, and chapters are also devoted to end of life care, the management of complications of radiation therapy, and useful medications. This book will prove useful to radiation oncologists and medical students.
This book presents the basics of superconductivity and applications of superconducting magnets. It explains the phenomenon of superconductivity, describes theories of superconductivity, and discusses type II and high-temperature cuprate superconductors. The main focus of the book is the application of superconducting magnets in accelerators, fusion reactors and other advanced applications such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), high-gradient magnetic separation (HGMS), and superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES). This new and significantly extended second edition covers the state of the art in the development of novel superconductors for advanced magnet applications, as well as the production of practical superconducting wires, tapes, and ultra high current cables used for high-field magnets. It includes two new chapters each devoted to MgB2 and Fe-based superconductors, and discusses the recently developed and world record-setting 45.5-Tesla magnetic field generated by a combination of conventional and high-temperature cuprate superconducting magnets. In addition, it discusses the status and outlook of all current and future nuclear fusion reactors worldwide. The chapter on accelerators includes the ongoing efforts to build high luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), the high-energy 28 TeV LHC (HE-LHC), the future circular collider (FCC) at CERN, and the just launched electro-ion collider (EIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The book is based on the long-standing experience of the author in studying superconducting materials, building magnets and delivering numerous lectures to research scholars and students. The book provides comprehensive and fundamental knowledge in the field of applied superconductivity, greatly benefiting researchers and graduate students wishing to learn more about the various aspects of superconductivity and advanced magnet applications.
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