Foundations of Dynamic Economic Analysis presents a modern and thorough exposition of the fundamental mathematical formalism used to study optimal control theory, i.e., continuous time dynamic economic processes, and to interpret dynamic economic behavior. The style of presentation, with its continual emphasis on the economic interpretation of mathematics and models, distinguishes it from several other excellent texts on the subject. This approach is aided dramatically by introducing the dynamic envelope theorem and the method of comparative dynamics early in the exposition. Accordingly, motivated and economically revealing proofs of the transversality conditions come about by use of the dynamic envelope theorem. Furthermore, such sequencing of the material naturally leads to the development of the primal-dual method of comparative dynamics and dynamic duality theory, two modern approaches used to tease out the empirical content of optimal control models. The stylistic approach ultimately draws attention to the empirical richness of optimal control theory, a feature missing in virtually all other textbooks of this type.
America’s Ukraine problem didn’t start with a telephone call between US President Donald Trump and Ukraine President Volodymyr Zelensky. In fact, it started years before: both nations meddled in each other’s elections and 130 people were killed. After enduring three years of investigations into Trump campaign connections to the Kremlin, author Michael Caputo ties the impeachment to the Russia hoax and introduces important new participants—shady diplomats, corrupt politicians, treacherous murderers, and a billionaire scheming in the background. Americans who get their news only from the mainstream media will be shocked by this story of corrupt politicians, brutal revolutions, tweaked elections, billions gone missing in a scheme to enrich global insiders like Hunter Biden, George Soros, and more. It’s a tale only Michael Caputo could tell: a former aide to candidate Donald Trump whose close ties to the former Soviet Union put him in the crosshairs of federal investigators. The Ukraine Hoax takes the reader to Ukraine, Georgia, Washington, and more—and into a nest of snipers who claim to have murdered innocent protestors on Kyiv’s Maidan Square.
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