The story of human evolution has been told hundreds of times, each time with a focus that seems most informative of the teller. No matter how it is told the primary characters are rarely mothers and infants. Darwin argued survival, but today we know that reproduction is what evolution is all about. Centering on this, Trevathan focuses on birth, which gives the study of human evolution a crucial new dimension.Unique among mammals, humans are bipedal. The evolution of bipedalism required fundamental changes in the pelvis and resulted in a narrow birth canal. Humans are also large-brained animals, which means that birth is much more challenging for our species than for most other animals. The result of this mismatch of large head and narrow pelvis is that women are highly dependent on assistance at birth and their babies are born in an unusually undeveloped state when the brain is still small. Human Birth discusses how the birth process has evolved and ways in which human birth differs from birth in all other mammals.Human Birth is also concerned with mother-infant interaction immediately after birth. While working as a midwife trainee, Trevathan carefully documented the births of more than one hundred women and recorded maternal and infant behaviors during the first hour after birth. She suggests ways in which the interactions served not only to enhance mother-infant bonding, but also to ensure survival in the evolutionary past. With clarity and compelling logic Trevathan argues that modern birth practices often fail to meet evolved needs of women and infants and suggests changes that could lead to better birth experiences. This paperback edition includes a new introduction by the author.
Gene tests (also called DNA-based tests), the newest and most sophisticated of the techniques used to test for genetic disorders, involve direct examination of the DNA molecule itself. Other genetic tests include biochemical tests for such gene products as enzymes and other proteins and for microscopic examination of stained or fluorescent chromosomes. Genetic tests are used for several reasons, including: Carrier screening, which involves identifying unaffected individuals who carry one copy of a gene for a disease that requires two copies for the disease to be expressed; Preimplantation genetic diagnosis prenatal diagnostic testing new-born screening; Presymptomatic testing for predicting adult-onset disorders such as Huntington's disease; Presymptomatic testing for estimating the risk of developing adult-onset cancers and Alzheimer's disease; Confirmational diagnosis of a symptomatic individual forensic/identity testing. In gene tests, scientists scan a patient's DNA sample for mutated sequences. A DNA sample can be obtained from any tissue, including blood. For some types of gene tests, researchers design short pieces of DNA called probes, whose sequences are complementary to the mutated sequences. These probes will seek their complement among the three billion base pairs of an individual's genome. If the mutated sequence is present in the patient's genome, the probe will bind to it and flag the mutation. Another type of DNA testing involves comparing the sequence of DNA bases in a patient's gene to a normal version of the gene. This book gathers important new research in this field.
This book investigates the movement of the Eve parallelism along the chain of tradition, focusing primarily upon the female characters of the Gospel of John. The principal aim is to explore their interrelationship with the mother of Jesus who, in the developed ecclesial tradition, is eventually given the title New Eve. Accordingly, this work examines the motif of woman in the Fourth Gospel by probing the use of the nuptial metaphor where female narrative characters are presented both as idealized disciples and fictive brides of the divine Bridegroom. By means of a common narrative-critical approach, this book then engages the thought of Hippolytus of Rome as found in his Commentary on the Song of Songs. Specifically, it explores how his focus upon the myrrophores is an expansion of the Johannine tradition, and one in which the nuptial metaphor takes on an ecclesial significance. By presenting the primordial garden in a narrative climax whereby a symbolic recapitulation occurs in the resurrection garden, Hippolytus shifts the Eve parallelism from the mother of Jesus to the Magdalene. This, in turn, is early evidence of a confluence of understanding, whereby she is not only disciple, but also both Eve and apostola apostolorum.
This is a comprehensive and up-to-date guide to the diagnosis, clinical features and management of inherited disorders conferring cancer susceptibility. It is fully updated with much molecular, screening and management information. It covers risk analysis and genetic counselling for individuals with a family history of cancer. It also discusses predictive testing and the organisation of the cancer genetics service. There is information about the genes causing Mendelian cancer predisposing conditions and their mechanism of action. It aims to provide such details in a practical format for geneticists and clinicians in all disciplines.
One of the foundational texts of interpersonal psychoanalysis, Prelogical Experience (1959) is a pioneering attempt to elaborate an interpersonal theory of personality that encompasses the nonpropositional, nonverbal dimension of human experience. Prelogical processes, the authors hold, cannot be consigned to infancy; rather they shape experience throughout life and are especially salient in relation to dreams, emotion, perception, and the arts. Of special note is Tauber and Green's elaboration of the clinical situation that grows out of an appreciation of prelogical experience. In a striking anticipation of contemporary thinking, they approach patient-therapist interaction in terms of the continuous exchange of "presentational data" by patient and analyst. These data enable patient and therapist alike to "know" more about the other than can ever be expressed in propositional terms. This perspective assigns an important role to what Piaget would term "the cognitive unconscious" in the clinical process. It likewise sustains a view of the countertransference - which includes the analyst's own dreams - as a vital source of presentational data about the patient. As Donnel Stern notes in his Introduction, these and other insights "amount to a surprisingly contemporary description of psychoanalytic treatment.
The "History of Cambridge" was originally published in 1877. Besides the historical narrative in the first volume, the second volume contains a very full and carefully compiled "Genealogical Register" of the early settlers and their descendants. These volumes are, in the most essential respects, models of what a town history should be. They contain the most important information obtainable from the sources then open to the author, and this is presented in a clear and concise narrative. In the estimation of those most competent to pass judgment, these volumes are authorities. But they are something more than authorities. They not only instruct; they inspire. Nobody deserves the privilege of growing up in this city who does not make himself familiar with these books. They are epitomes of the history, not only of this town, but of a good many other Puritan towns. It fills this place with memories of by-gone scenes and deeds which were precious to the people of those times, and are precious still to us, their descendants or successors.
Parents can be invaluable partners in identifying students’ behavioral and learning needs and developing effective solutions. This book provides practical tools for collaborating with families to achieve the best outcomes for K–12 students. In a large-size format for easy reference and photocopying, the book includes more than 40 ready-to-use reproducibles. School-based mental health professionals will learn how to build positive home/school relationships, actively involve parents in assessment and intervention, and overcome barriers to collaboration. The latest research on what works in treating internalizing, externalizing, and academic difficulties is translated into clear-cut recommendations for practice. This book is in The Guilford Practical Intervention in the Schools Series, edited by Sandra M. Chafouleas.
The past decade has brought important advances in our understanding of the brain, particularly its influence on the behavior, emotions, and personality of children and adolescents. In the tradition of its predecessors, the third edition of the Handbook of Clinical Child Neuropsychology enhances this understanding by emphasizing current best practice, up-to-date science, and emerging theoretical trends for a comprehensive review of the field. Along with the Handbook’s impressive coverage of normal development, pathology, and professional issues, brand-new chapters highlight critical topics in assessment, diagnostic, and treatment, including, The role and prevalence of brain dysfunction in ADHD, conduct disorder, the autistic spectrum, and other childhood disorders; The neuropsychology of learning disabilities; Assessment of Spanish-speaking children and youth; Using the PASS (planning, attention, simultaneous, successive) theory in neurological assessment; Forensic child neuropsychology; Interventions for pediatric coma. With singular range, timeliness, and clarity, the newly updated Handbook of Clinical Child Neuropsychology reflects and addresses the ongoing concerns of practitioners as diverse as neuropsychologists, neurologists, clinical psychologists, pediatricians, and physical and speech-language therapists.
Pediatric Life Care Planning and Case Management provides a comprehensive and unique reference that goes beyond the clinical discussion to include legal and financial aspects, life expectancy data, and assistive technology. It also includes case samples of actual plans related to specific conditions. The book is divided into five parts: Normal Grow
This is a book of psychiatry at its most practical level. It answers the sorts of questions psychiatrists ask on a daily basis. What treatments are available for the condition this patient has? What is the evidence for the effectiveness of each of these treatments? Is there any value in combinations of treatment? And, can I be sure that the evidence and recommendations are free from bias? This handy pocket reference summarises the key elements of the Cambridge Textbook of Effective Treatments in Psychiatry. The text has been revised to provide the most up-to-date evidence for treatment decisions, with an accompanying summary table for each chapter to reinforce the recommendations. It is an essential guide for mental health professionals of all disciplines as well as medical students and trainees.
Trace the history of Illinois and its legal systemspecifically the Fifth Judicial Circuitwith this historical account written by one of the circuits judges. The circuit was created in 1897 and consists of Clark, Coles, Cumberland, Edgar, and Vermilion Counties. Its judges have sorted through complicated legal questions, and theyve also done quite a bit of maneuvering in seeking office. In this scholarly account, youll discover details of the Fifth Judicial Circuit of Illinois since statehood, a list of the judges and states attorneys who have worked in the court, and highlights from various elections that brought notable judges to office. Youll also learn about the achievements of various judges who went on to serve in the United States Senate, House of Representatives, Supreme Court, Court of Appeals, and District Court. Others proved their mettle in the Illinois Supreme and Appellate Court and as Governor of the State of Illinois. A few were notorious for their misdeeds, including the former states attorney who shot and killed his successor. Whether you are a lawyer, judge, student, or history buff, youll be fascinated by the stories, facts, and insights in The Fifth Judicial Circuit of Illinois.
This book is welcomed to the series as a truly unique contribution to the literature on marital therapy. It is written for the empirically oriented psychotherapist, regardless of his or her discipline, who encounters patients with marital discord and has been distressed by the absence of an acceptable conceptual model for treatment. Psychoanalysis, behavior therapy, general system theory, and social learning theory have all made important contributions to treatment. But all too often these approaches have focused either on individual psychopathology or on the formal elements of marital interaction. This volume is the first to propose an approach to marital therapy which is clinically sophisticated, empirically based and which integrates important elements of seemingly disparate theoretical systems. The result is a cognitive-behavioral model for the treatment of marital discord which borrows from both psychoanalytic and behavioral contributions by translating them into the language of cognitive social psychology. The author documents the toll in human suffering as well as the ubiquitous nature of marriage-related problems. Despite the frequency with which marital dissatisfaction and discord are encountered in clinical practice, an amazingly high percentage of mental health professionals have received inadequate training in either the theory or technique of effective clinical intervention. The absence of a conceptual framework linking individual psychopathology to interactional difficulties has wors ened the problem for clinicians interested in conjoint treatment.
Since the publication of the first edition of The Diabetic Pancreas in 1977, much progress has been made in various areas of diabetes research. While only a rela tively short while ago diabetes was considered a single disease, in more recent years it has become apparent that it is a heterogeneous group of disorders, all of which are characterized by a decreased tolerance of carbohydrates and most of which have a genetic basis, although the genetic types vary. In more recent years, an International Work Group sponsored by the National Diabetes Data Group of the NIH proposed a now generally accepted classification, according to which the insulin-dependent ketosis-prone diabetes, formerly and inappropriately called the juvenile type, is considered a subclass of diabetes, type 1. Because it can occur at any age, it was recommended that the diagnosis based on age be eliminated. The non-insulin-dependent, non-keto sis-prone type of diabetes, which is not secondary to other diseases or conditions, and which was formerly called matu rity-onset diabetes, was considered a second subclass, type II, because although this form usually develops after age 40, it also occurs in young persons, who do not require insulin or are not ketotic. Although this classification is not entirely agreed upon by all diabetologists, for practical purposes it has been generally accepted and has been utilized by the contributors to this volume.
The purchases he made and the gifts he was given reflect his desire to document and preserve the lifeways of common people and to emphasize middle-class rural history, as represented by the tools of agriculture, industry, and transportation.
Originally published in 1981, this third volume deals with the empirical data base and the theories concerning visual perception – the set of mental responses to photic stimulation of the eyes. As the book develops, the plan was to present a general taxonomy of visual processes and phenomena. It was hoped that such a general perspective would help to bring some order to the extensive, but largely unorganized, research literature dealing with our immediate perceptual responses to visual stimuli at the time. The specific goal of this work was to provide a classification system that integrates and systematizes the data base of perceptual psychology into a comprehensive intellectual scheme by means of an eclectic, multi-level metatheory invoking several different kinds of explanation.
This volume is the first comprehensive history of task analysis, charting its origins from the earliest applied psychology through to modern forms of task analysis that focus on the study of cognitive work. Through this detailed historical analysis, it is made apparent how task analysis has always been cognitive.Chapters cover the histori
250+ local newspaper reports from the annual Independence Day Celebration and "Old Settlers Reunion" homecoming for Mason, Lewis & Fleming Counties, held at Historic Ruggles Campground in Lewis County, Kentucky.
Using repeated sets of exercises meant to relax and desensitize the mind, autogenic training equips patients to deal with chronic conditions such as anxiety disorders, recurring pain and stress. Patients learn how to gain control over their symptoms and improve coping to reduce suffering. This expanded edition presents practitioners with a concise exploration of autogenic technique and its clinical use for patients, especially in treating those suffering from chronic pain syndrome and disrupted sleep.
Teaching can be a challenging and demanding profession because teachers must deliver lessons that meet the educational needs of a diverse range of learners. Student misbehavior during class time is expected, and, therefore, many teacher training programs provide training in classroom management. However, teachers and school staff have expressed concerns about students disregarding classroom management interventions. Furthermore, they have also indicated a lack of training in how to manage and respond to student aggression and violence. Students who are hostile, aggressive, defiant, and engaging in antisocial behaviors are said to be expressing an antisocial orientation. The purpose of this book is to improve teachers’ understanding of such antisocial orientation through an examination of how it is pathologized and assessed, the biological and sociological factors involved in its expression, and the pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatments for youth with an antisocial orientation. The book concludes with classroom strategies and interventions that can ameliorate symptoms associated with antisocial orientation, and proposes potential modifications to the school environment that can foster a prosocial orientation.
With new research on diverse cultures, this new edition has been thoroughly updated. It offers an introduction to the Sunrise Enabler and the Ethnonursing Research Method - important tools in providing culturally congruent, competent & safe care in a multicultural environment.
In this holistic examination of political scandal in the United States, David Dewberry argues convincingly that such scandals follow a consistent narrative centered largely on media coverage and politician performance rather than the actual corruption or ethics violation committed. In making this argument, he also provides an analytical framework for understanding the patterns underlying scandals regardless of their unique political contexts. Dewberry dissects four major examples—Teapot Dome, Watergate, Iran-Contra, and Clinton/Lewinsky—and explores the roles of various constituencies involved in creating, reacting to, and mediating the scandal. What is the true role of journalism within the context of scandal? What persuasive techniques do politicians employ to develop and perpetuate scandals? What motives and values bring scandals to a close? In addition to the core cases, Dewberry incorporates briefer examples from contemporary and ongoing controversies including Anthony Weiner’s sexting scandal, money and sex in Congress, how cover-ups have gone digital, and Chris Christie’s Bridgegate. The result is a fascinating and thoughtful look at the relationships among political discourse, free speech, and democracy.
Preceded by Culture care diversity and universality: a worldwide nursing theory / [edited by] Madeleine M. Leininger, Marilyn R. McFarland. 2nd ed. c2006.
Youth violence and aggression continue to give concern throughout society. This book bridges the gap between science and practice, providing school professionals with the information they need to coordinate efforts and enhance communication between parents, other educators, administrators, and social services providers. In addition, it offers guidance on the interventions that are likely to be most effective in meeting the unique needs of youths with conduct disorder.
Comprehensive and user friendly, this ideal professional reference and graduate text provides a developmentally informed framework for assessing 3- to 6-year-olds in accordance with current best practices and IDEA 2004 guidelines. The authors are leading clinician-researchers who take the reader step by step through selecting appropriate measures, integrating data from a variety of sources, and using the results to plan and evaluate effective interventions and learning experiences. Coverage encompasses screening and assessment of cognitive, linguistic, emotional, and behavioral difficulties, including mental retardation and autism. Case studies illustrate key facets of assessing diverse children and families; appendices offer concise reviews of over 100 instruments.
This book provides a comprehensive outline of the major parent training programs for parents of children with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDD), including Autism Spectrum Disorder. Parents or primary caregivers spend the most time with a child, and training them in behaviour management and intervention strategies is critical to improving a child's behaviour, to helping them to learn new skills, and to reduce parental stress. Authored by eminent specialists in the field and written for researchers and clinicians supporting or treating families, each chapter focuses on one of the key evidence-based parent training programs - from Incredible Years® and Positive Family Intervention through to Pivotal Response Treatment and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Each chapter provides a breakdown that features an introduction to the model, evidence for the model, a full description of the model, a discussion of implementation and dissemination efforts, and concluding comments. Grounded in research, this definitive overview provides the evidence and guidance required for anyone considering investing in or running a parenting program.
As the field of the family has expanded, so has the need for an up-to-date volume that pulls together and defines major salient words, phrases, and concepts. This second edition of The Dictionary of Family Psychology and Family Therapy provides an expanded, handy reference for all family professionals--theoreticians, students, researchers, or clinicians. There is no other source like it. Each entry includes a definition of the term, an example relevant to its usage, the origin of the term, an early source using the term, and if pertinent, a recent source. "Borrowed" terms from other such fields as family law, sex therapy, clinical child psychology, and group psychology are also included. The Dictionary of Family Psychology and Family Therapy is an essential resource intended for use by students, faculty, family psychologists, family therapists, and others engaged in the family field. "The authors have succeeded in defining clearly and accessibly the major theoretical, and methodological concepts in the field of family studies, including operational definitions where appropriate." --Clinical Psychology Forum "This wonderful book actually is a dictionary, defining family psychology concepts and terms from A (′abortive runaway′) to Z (′zero-sum game′). . . . Anyone who reads professional material in this field would find this dictionary invaluable. . . . The concise format will allow the reader to stay informed. . . . The application of concepts in examples and the provision of references are invaluable. This book also does a good job of representing, in an unbiased way, different theories or schools of thought. I would recommend The Dictionary of Family Psychology and Family Therapy as a reference for any professional in the family field and see it as a great supplemental text for a graduate course or student." --Family Relations "This is a timely book, and it should be on the library shelves of professionals who deal with people in the areas of clinical practice, research, and education. It should stand alongside textbooks and other dictionaries. It should be read and used as reference and source material. It complements our understandings of human behavior and interactions, particularly the interpersonal and intergroup inevitabilities in families as representing core societies. Workers with families in terms of the psychology and the therapy of such fundamental organizations of genetically and other related people will find in this volume a most valuable asset in furthering their understandings and enhancing their effectiveness as therapists." --Jess V. Cohn, M.D., Emeritus Professor of Psychiatry, University of Miami Medical School, in The American Journal of Family Therapy
From AM radio to color television, broadcasting raised enormous practical and policy problems in the United States, especially in relation to the federal government's role in licensing and regulation. How did technological change, corporate interest, and political pressures bring about the world that station owners work within today (and that tuned-in consumers make profitable)? In Radio and Television Regulation, Hugh R. Slotten examines the choices that confronted federal agencies—first the Department of Commerce, then the Federal Radio Commission in 1927, and seven years later the Federal Communications Commission—and shows the impact of their decisions on developing technologies. Slotten analyzes the policy debates that emerged when the public implications of AM and FM radio and black-and-white and color television first became apparent. His discussion of the early years of radio examines powerful personalities—including navy secretary Josephus Daniels and commerce secretary Herbert Hoover—who maneuvered for government control of "the wireless." He then considers fierce competition among companies such as Westinghouse, GE, and RCA, which quickly grasped the commercial promise of radio and later of television and struggled for technological edge and market advantage. Analyzing the complex interplay of the factors forming public policy for radio and television broadcasting, and taking into account the ideological traditions that framed these controversies, Slotten sheds light on the rise of the regulatory state. In an epilogue he discusses his findings in terms of contemporary debates over high-resolution TV.
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