Recently, a great deal of effort has been dedicated to capitalising on advances in mathematical control theory in conjunction with tried-and-tested classical control structures particularly with regard to the enhanced robustness and tighter control of modern PID controllers. Much of the research in this field and that of the operational autonomy of PID controllers has already been translated into useful new functions for industrial controllers. This book covers the important knowledge relating to the background, application, and design of, and advances in PID controllers in a unified and comprehensive treatment including: Evolution and components of PID controllers Classical and Modern PID controller design Automatic Tuning Multi-loop Control Practical issues concerned with PID control The book is intended to be useful to a wide spectrum of readers interested in PID control ranging from practising technicians and engineers to graduate and undergraduate students.
I was originally an Immortal, but because my six Daos were incomplete and my seven spirits were incomplete, I could ascend to become an Immortal, but not an Immortal. The world is vast, and my cultivation base can fight against the heavens and the earth, and protect my people. [Previous Chapter] [Table of Contents] [Next Chapter] Tenth reincarnation, nine dead and one alive. To avenge his family, Ah'Bao stepped onto the path of cultivation. Close]
Walking in the world of flowers, surrounded by all living things. He was born with a pure Yang body constitution and had the ability to see through other people's world. It was his duty to save the dying and help the wounded. Deceit and deceit were the changes in his life.In the eyes of the enemy, he was cunning, treacherous, and utterly despicable. In the eyes of the world, he was benevolent, kind, and a genius doctor who cared about the world. In the eyes of women, he was handsome, sunny, and a great hero.
Once in the world, you can't help yourself!" This was the warriors Scholar's opinion of the martial arts world. In that case, if a person entered the imperial government and entered the upper echelons, would it be difficult for him to leave? Could it be that he could only continue living like this?History? Blood debt? Grudge? Honor? When his lover was faced with a life or death struggle, everything seemed meaningless. Everything seemed pale and powerless. At that moment, even if she lost the world, she had to be brought back to life!If he wanted to hide, he could only do so peacefully. He could only return to the mortal world, step into the Blood Rain s and the fishy wind. Survive, he had to constantly struggle, constantly struggle!Between life and death, the true love of the world flashed at this moment the beauty and grace of human nature. "What kind of story would happen when a loving lover faced with a plot and plot, and his home and country were destroyed?
- The book completely introduces the intelligent Web techniques based on soft computing, granular computing, computational intelligence, and Web technology for different intelligent Web applications - The first book to introduce the novel intelligent Web theory (computational Web intelligence) with many potential intelligent Web applications - The book introduces CWI techniques for currently hot and important applications such as Web security, Internet security, bioinformatics, Web search engines, Web mining, e-commerce, intelligent Web agents, etc.
He has just graduated from university and unexpectedly obtained a hundred years of cultivation. With the ancient medical arts, he is invincible within a hundred years. Who can stop him from picking up a girl, who dares to be his enemy?
This book presents a critical analysis of the images of China portrayed in British television documentaries between 1980 and 2000. The examination is contextualized within the profound transformations of the post-reform China and global political structures in the last two decades of the 20th century. Using an innovative analytical framework based on Vladimir Propp, the book focuses on how different images of China are constructed through an effective use of TV narrative strategies. In particular it details how various strands of (Western) modernity underpin major discourses about China. The book will be valuable to the understanding of how China was perceived in the West during one of the most dramatic moments in modern history.
Previous Love Story: On the day of his wedding, Lin Xi was pushed down the stairs by his new husband and half sister. After her rebirth, she became Qin Yin's fiancee. However, there was a piece of white moonlight in Qin Yu's heart. He was extremely disdainful towards his fiancée. But Lin Xi quickly found out, that Qin Yu's White Moonlight looked just like her before she died ... ... Treasure Fragrance: "I want big sister Lin Xi to be my mother." In the midst of his amnesia, Qin Yu said with disdain, "I feel that your judgement is too poor." After Qin Yu recovered his memories: "Baby, whether or not Auntie Lin Xi can become your mother will depend on you to help daddy." Join Collection
A small white European building is located in the western part of the French Concession. No one knows when or who built this little house, and the old people who live around here say that it was there from the moment they could remember.The owners of the houses changed several times, all moving away for some unknown reason. In the end, they became ownerless houses, and after a while, there were rumors of ghosts. This foreign building slowly became a 'haunted house'.Until five years ago, a girl with a white umbrella was seen lugging heavy luggage inside, but no one had seen her leave the building. At night, it was even darker inside the building. Only the faint sounds of the piano could be heard occasionally during the day ...Since then, no one dared to approach this place.
Provides an up-to-date outline of cell assembly methods and applications of 3D bioprinting Cell Assembly with 3D Bioprinting provides an accesible overview of the layer-by-layer manufacturing of living structures using biomaterials. Focusing on technical implemention in medical and bioengineering applications, this practical guide summarize each key aspect of the 3D bioprinting process. Contributions from a team of leading researchers describe bioink preparation, printing method selection, experimental protocols, integration with specific applications, and more. Detailed, highly illustrated chapters cover different bioprinting approaches and their applications, including coaxial bioprinting, digital light projection, direct ink writing, liquid support bath-assisted 3D printing, and microgel-, microfiber-, and microfluidics-based biofabrication. The book includes practical examples of 3D bioprinting, a protocol for typical 3D bioprinting, and relevant experimental data drawn from recent research. * Highlights the interdisciplinary nature of 3D bioprinting and its applications in biology, medicine, and pharmaceutical science * Summarizes a variety of commonly used 3D bioprinting methods * Describes the design and preparation of various types of bioinks * Discusses applications of 3D bioprinting such as organ development, toxicological research, clinical transplantation, and tissue repair Covering a wide range of topics, Cell Assembly with 3D Bioprinting is essential reading for advanced students, academic researchers, and industry professionals in fields including biomedicine, tissue engineering, bioengineering, drug development, pharmacology, bioglogical screening, and mechanical engineering.
This book presents a powerful hybrid intelligent system based on fuzzy logic, neural networks, genetic algorithms and related intelligent techniques. The new compensatory genetic fuzzy neural networks have been widely used in fuzzy control, nonlinear system modeling, compression of a fuzzy rule base, expansion of a sparse fuzzy rule base, fuzzy knowledge discovery, time series prediction, fuzzy games and pattern recognition. This effective soft computing system is able to perform both linguistic-word-level fuzzy reasoning and numerical-data-level information processing. The book also proposes various novel soft computing techniques.
It was too difficult to keep a low profile, and it was even harder not to touch a beauty. In the end, it was still up to me to decide, since beauties don't weigh anything, life is different.
Performance-Based Optimization of Structures introduces a method to bridge the gap between structural optimization theory and its practical application to structural engineering. The Performance-Based Optimization (PBO) method combines modern structural optimisation theory with performance based design concepts to produce a powerful technique for use in structural design. This book provides the latest PBO techniques for achieving optimal topologies and shapes of continuum structures with stress, displacement and mean compliance constraints. The emphasis is strongly placed on practical applications of automated PBO techniques to the strut-and-tie modelling of structural concrete, which includes reinforced and prestressed concrete structures. Basic concepts underlying the development of strut-and-lie models, design optimization procedure, and detailing of structural concrete are described in detail. Alternative approaches to topology optimization are also introduced. The book contains numerous practical design examples illustrating the nature of the load transfer mechanism of structures.
This book gives a systematic treatment of singularly perturbed systems that naturally arise in control and optimization, queueing networks, manufacturing systems, and financial engineering. It presents results on asymptotic expansions of solutions of Komogorov forward and backward equations, properties of functional occupation measures, exponential upper bounds, and functional limit results for Markov chains with weak and strong interactions. To bridge the gap between theory and applications, a large portion of the book is devoted to applications in controlled dynamic systems, production planning, and numerical methods for controlled Markovian systems with large-scale and complex structures in the real-world problems. This second edition has been updated throughout and includes two new chapters on asymptotic expansions of solutions for backward equations and hybrid LQG problems. The chapters on analytic and probabilistic properties of two-time-scale Markov chains have been almost completely rewritten and the notation has been streamlined and simplified. This book is written for applied mathematicians, engineers, operations researchers, and applied scientists. Selected material from the book can also be used for a one semester advanced graduate-level course in applied probability and stochastic processes.
Her rebirth is all about revenge. An emperor's announcement forced her to be cheesy niece when she was a noble daughter of the prime minister. The noble maid of the prime minister's family forced her to marry him. She sincerely helped him for five years and lead him to be noble. However, he said she has an evil spirit, he destoryed her face and poisoned her. She had been put into prison for five years. Finally, she got the result that her son died tragically. The fire burnt her to death. She was not reconciled to die that way. Then she reborn with hatred. She swore that she is going to revenge. Her father treated her like nothing. Her sibling framed to bad situation. In this life, she said, she is going to be an evil consort but a virtuous wife. She is absolutely ready to disturb the world. Let's see who is about to win. ☆About the Author☆ Feng qing. She is a famous online novelist. She does well in romance novels. The characters in her novels are delicate and vivid. The plots are no delay. Both the stories and writing are great. She gets plenty of fans.
Integrating renewable energy and other distributed energy sources into smart grids, often via power inverters, is arguably the largest “new frontier” for smart grid advancements. Inverters should be controlled properly so that their integration does not jeopardize the stability and performance of power systems and a solid technical backbone is formed to facilitate other functions and services of smart grids. This unique reference offers systematic treatment of important control problems in power inverters, and different general converter theories. Starting at a basic level, it presents conventional power conversion methodologies and then ‘non-conventional’ methods, with a highly accessible summary of the latest developments in power inverters as well as insight into the grid connection of renewable power. Consisting of four parts – Power Quality Control, Neutral Line Provision, Power Flow Control, and Synchronisation – this book fully demonstrates the integration of control and power electronics. Key features include: the fundamentals of power processing and hardware design innovative control strategies to systematically treat the control of power inverters extensive experimental results for most of the control strategies presented the pioneering work on “synchronverters” which has gained IET Highly Commended Innovation Award Engineers working on inverter design and those at power system utilities can learn how advanced control strategies could improve system performance and work in practice. The book is a useful reference for researchers who are interested in the area of control engineering, power electronics, renewable energy and distributed generation, smart grids, flexible AC transmission systems, and power systems for more-electric aircraft and all-electric ships. This is also a handy text for graduate students and university professors in the areas of electrical power engineering, advanced control engineering, power electronics, renewable energy and smart grid integration.
Lin Qingshan, who had just entered this world, was acquainted with the first person here, Long Yifeng. A man who was as shy as a fool. Both of them were servants of the Li Family, a famous family in a small town at the eastern border of the Sky Dragon Empire. After getting drunk, the third young master of the Li family coveted Lin QIngshan's beauty. In a fit of rage, Lin QIngshan castrated the local aristocrat and fled to the central region of the Arthur Continent. After a series of events, he became the first empress of the continent.
This unique resource explains the fundamental physics of semiconductor nanolasers, and provides detailed insights into their design, fabrication, characterization, and applications. Topics covered range from the theoretical treatment of the underlying physics of nanoscale phenomena, such as temperature dependent quantum effects and active medium selection, to practical design aspects, including the multi-physics cavity design that extends beyond pure electromagnetic consideration, thermal management and performance optimization, and nanoscale device fabrication and characterization techniques. The authors also discuss technological applications of semiconductor nanolasers in areas such as photonic integrated circuits and sensing. Providing a comprehensive overview of the field, detailed design and analysis procedures, a thorough investigation of important applications, and insights into future trends, this is essential reading for graduate students, researchers, and professionals in optoelectronics, applied photonics, physics, nanotechnology, and materials science.
After her rebirth, Xiu Ying found out that she was originally the pearl of a speck of dust. In turn, she became the White Moonlight of her husband, the scum of her previous life. She still wanted to desperately try to catch him. Xiu Ying said, "In the past, you abandoned me like a pair of shoes, but now you can't climb higher!" While the scum had its revenge, Xiu Ying thought of her young and capable third uncle. The more she did things, the older she became, and the older she got, the harder it was for her to get married. Thus, she pondered to find a delicate daughter-in-law for her third uncle. One after another, the matchmaker came to the door. When she couldn't stand it any longer, she took out a pair of wild geese and appeared in front of Xiu Ying ...
The young genius Chen Feng had been reduced to being a cripple, suffering humiliation and rolling his eyes. He had obtained the mysterious pagoda, cultivated the unparalleled mystical arts, and from then on started his counterattack. All sorts of beauties fell for him, and all the masters feared him because he was the High Lord of this world.
Offshore platforms are widely used to explore, drill, produce, store and transport ocean resources, and are usually subjected to environmental loading, which can lead to deck facility failure and platform fatigue failure, inefficient operation and even crew discomfort. In order to ensure the reliability and safety of offshore platforms, it is important to explore effective ways of suppressing the vibration of offshore platforms. This book provides a brief overview of passive, semi-active and active control schemes to deal with vibration of offshore platforms. It then comprehensively and systematically discusses the recent advances in active systems with optimal, sliding model, delayed feedback and network-based control. Intended for readers interested in vibration control and ocean engineering, it is particularly useful for researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the fields of system and control community, vibration control, ocean engineering, as well as electrical and electronic engineering.
Wei Qingfeng, the foster son of the great general, was already a martial genius who had achieved great merits at such a young age and had become brothers with the emperor. However, his background was complicated, even though he had fought in wars to the north, he was seen as an anti-thief who had been forced into exile and had gotten to know many good teachers and friends.
Steel and composite steel–concrete structures are widely used in modern bridges, buildings, sport stadia, towers, and offshore structures. Analysis and Design of Steel and Composite Structures offers a comprehensive introduction to the analysis and design of both steel and composite structures. It describes the fundamental behavior of steel and composite members and structures, as well as the current design criteria and procedures given in Australian standards AS/NZS 1170, AS 4100, AS 2327.1, Eurocode 4, and AISC-LRFD specifications. Featuring numerous step-by-step examples that clearly illustrate the detailed analysis and design of steel and composite members and connections, this practical and easy-to-understand text: Covers plates, members, connections, beams, frames, slabs, columns, and beam-columns Considers bending, axial load, compression, tension, and design for strength and serviceability Incorporates the author’s latest research on composite members Analysis and Design of Steel and Composite Structures is an essential course textbook on steel and composite structures for undergraduate and graduate students of structural and civil engineering, and an indispensable resource for practising structural and civil engineers and academic researchers. It provides a sound understanding of the behavior of structural members and systems.
A hands-on troubleshooting guide for VLSI network designers The primary goal in VLSI (very large scale integration) power network design is to provide enough power lines across a chip to reduce voltage drops from the power pads to the center of the chip. Voltage drops caused by the power network's metal lines coupled with transistor switching currents on the chip cause power supply noises that can affect circuit timing and performance, thus providing a constant challenge for designers of high-performance chips. Power Distribution Network Design for VLSI provides detailed information on this critical component of circuit design and physical integration for high-speed chips. A vital tool for professional engineers (especially those involved in the use of commercial tools), as well as graduate students of engineering, the text explains the design issues, guidelines, and CAD tools for the power distribution of the VLSI chip and package, and provides numerous examples for its effective application. Features of the text include: * An introduction to power distribution network design * Design perspectives, such as power network planning, layout specifications, decoupling capacitance insertion, modeling, and analysis * Electromigration phenomena * IR drop analysis methodology * Commands and user interfaces of the VoltageStorm(TM) CAD tool * Microprocessor design examples using on-chip power distribution * Flip-chip and package design issues * Power network measurement techniques from real silicon The author includes several case studies and a glossary of key words and basic terms to help readers understand and integrate basic concepts in VLSI design and power distribution.
From 1966 to 1976, the so-called Cultural Revolution in China throws an entire nation into violent and catastrophic turmoil. Millions are displaced, tortured, or executed under Mao Zedong's ruthless regime. Suffering persecution for his religious beliefs and family connections abroad, a young doctor named Qing Zeng is forced to flee. He makes two failed attempts at escape to Hong Kong. Finally, at the peak of the Cultural Revolution, and at the risk of losing his life, he eventually makes a heart-pounding escape alone to North Vietnam and manages to survive in the rural countryside for seven long years. But ultimately, he is forcibly repatriated back to China. is the moving story of one man's struggle to escape the place he used to call home, and finally find freedom. The story provides living witness to the history of that time.
This book provides the reader with a modern and comprehensive overview of nuclear polarization theory. The understanding of polarization phenomena greatly enriches data obtained from scattering and nuclear reactions by providing information on the interaction that can change spin orientation as well as important verification data for the study of nuclear structures and reaction mechanisms. The author methodically derives the polarization theory of nuclear reactions for various types of elastic scattering and two-body direct reactions between particles of different spin and unpolarized target nuclei with arbitrary spin, as well as the reactions between two polarized light particles and the polarization theory for photon beams. In addition, the polarization theories of relativistic nuclear reactions are rigorously covered in great scope and detail. A chapter on polarized particle transport theory presents the Monte-Carlo method for describing the transport of polarized particles and formalizes the polarized particle transport equation. Here, the author also illustrates a novel and concrete scheme for establishing a polarization nuclear database. Nuclear polarization is important not only for microscopic nuclear structure and reaction studies but also for nuclear engineering, applied nuclear physics, and medical physics. With the development of radioactive beam facilities and, on the theoretical side, the development of consistent microscopic nuclear reaction and structure theories, this book on the polarization theory of nuclear reactions serves as a timely source of reference for students and researchers alike.
This volume applies the science of complexity to study coupled human-environment systems (CHES) and integrates ideas from the social sciences of climate change into a study of rural development amid flooding and urbanization in the Poyang Lake Region (PLR) of China. Author Qing Tian operationalizes the concept of sustainability and provides useful scientific analyses for sustainable development in less developed rural areas that are vulnerable to climatic hazards. The book uses a new sustainability framework that is centered on the concept of well-being to study rural development in PLR. The PLR study includes three major analyses: (1) a regional assessment of human well-being; (2) an empirical analysis of rural livelihoods; and (3) an agent-based computer model used to explore future rural development. These analyses provide a meaningful view of human development in the Poyang Lake Region and illustrate some of the complex local- and macro-level processes that shape the livelihoods of rural households in the dynamic process of urbanization. They generate useful insights about how government policy might effectively improve the well-being of rural households and promote sustainable development amid social, economic, and environmental changes. This case study has broader implications. Rural populations in the developing world are disproportionally affected by extreme climate events and climate change. Furthermore, the livelihoods of rural households in the developing world are increasingly under the influences of macro-level forces amid urbanization and globalization. This case study demonstrates that rural development policies must consider broader development dynamics at the national (and even global) level, as well as specific local social and environmental contexts. By treating climate as one of many factors that affect development in such places, we can provide policy recommendations that synergistically promote development and reduce climatic impacts and therefore facilitate mainstreaming climate adaptation into development.
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