Law and Love shows what the best interdisciplinary work can achieve. In addition to providing surprising new readings of all of the major characters in the play, this book expands the horizons of literary studies by introducing the concerns of the legal imagination, and it introduces law into the heart of cultural studies."--BOOK JACKET.
How do real individuals live together in real societies in the real world? Jeffrey Alexander's masterful work, The Civil Sphere, addresses this central paradox of modern life. Feelings for others--the solidarity that is ignored or underplayed by theories of power or self-interest--are at the heart of this novel inquiry into the meeting place between normative theories of what we think we should do and empirical studies of who we actually are. A grand and sweeping statement, The Civil Sphere is a major contribution to our thinking about the real but ideal world in which we all reside.
Gerald Grace here explores the concept of role conflict and the current theorizing about the problems of the teacher's role. He investigates four potential problem areas - role diffuseness, role vulnerability, role commitment versus career orientation, and value conflict - in a sample of one hundred and fifty secondary school teachers in a Midland town. The analysis shows how a teacher's commitment to a particular set of values exposes him or her to conflict in an achievement-oriented and pluralistic society. These conflicts, present in all schools, are seen in their clearest form among secondary modern school teachers. The author suggests that colleges of education, in emphasizing commitment and in assuming value consensus, predispose their students to conflict experiences. He indicates that internal career possibilities in schools and the influence of graduate or certified status are also important factors in conflict exposure. While accepting that certain role conflicts are important in the genesis of change, the author proposes that levels of dysfunctional conflict can be reduced by the action of head teachers, by structural change in the schools and innovations in teaching education.
The development of a sociology of medical knowledge is both assessed and contributed to in Medical Talk and Medical Work. Underlying the analysis is research on the work of haematologists, which offers a rich resource for understanding the complexities and contradictions between physical bodies and social embodiment, medical talk and technical apparatus. Using but moving beyond this specific material, Paul Atkinson demonstrates the strengths and weaknesses of the existing understanding of medical knowledge. Among the issues explored are: the place of interaction among doctors, rather than between doctors and patients, in defining the construction of medical knowledge; the ways in which clinical opinion is socially produced and the nature of the local settings through which this process occurs; and the relations among medical knowledge, medical language and the increasingly technological contexts of contemporary medical practice.
The Symbolic Essence of Modern European Architecture of the Twenties and Its Continuing Influence'), this collection contains critical writings on works by Mies, Corbusier, Kahn, and Venturi, as well as one previously unpublished text. Jordy leads readers to discover important connections of architecture with art, literature, intellectual history, symbolic structures, social purpose and community. He significantly shaped the way we understand the character and meaning of modern architecture and American culture.
The political discontent or malaise that typifies most modern democracies is mainly caused by the widely shared feeling that the political freedom of citizens to influence the development of their society and, related to this, their personal life, has become rather limited. We can only address this discontent when we rehabilitate politics, the deliberate, joint effort to give direction to society and to make the best of ourselves. In Pluralism, Democracy and Political Knowledge, Hans Blokland examines this challenge via a critical appraisal of the pluralist conception of politics and democracy. This conception was formulated by, above all, Robert A. Dahl, one of the most important political scholars and democratic theorists of the last half century. Taking his work as the point of reference, this book not only provides an illuminating history of political science, told via Dahl and his critics, it also offers a revealing analysis as to what progress we have made in our thinking on pluralism and democracy, and what progress we could make, given the epistemological constraints of the social sciences. Above and beyond this, the development and the problems of pluralism and democracy are explored in the context of the process of modernization. The author specifically discusses the extent to which individualization, differentiation and rationalization contribute to the current political malaise in those countries which adhere to a pluralist political system.
How do some little angels turn into bigoted little monsters? This is a study of how people's prejudices towards one another develop from an early age. Based on empirical research of children aged five to 11, it explores the nature of categorization and stereotypes - from groups to nations.
This very short introduction sets out the origins and development of an English-language debate centered around the phrase "rule of law." It aims is to explore the distinctive ethical contribution offered by various thinkers to this specific phrase, first theorized by the English scholar A.V. Dicey, while largely setting aside how the same questions are framed and resolved in other traditions. The book opens by canvassing the classical and early modern sources upon which Dicey and his successors explicitly drew. It then explores the idea of Dicey, who it flags as the first self-conscious theorist of the rule of law. It then recounts his immediate successors. These include a heterogenous range of thinkers, such as Friedrich Hayek, Lon Fuller, Ronald Dworkin, and Tom Bingham. With this genealogy in hand, the book then reflects the important question of why the rule of law (in some version or other) persists-that is, why do actors with the power to cast aside the rule of law not do so? The book next turns to the ways in which the term "rule of law" has diffused across borders, making it a geopolitical phenomenon. Specifically, the phrase was taken toward the end of the twentieth century across borders by actors as diverse as the World Bank, Singapore, and the Chinese Communist Party. Finally, the book closes by examining the way that the rule-of-law tradition can be challenged both as a matter of theory and practice"--
One of the policies that has been most widely used to try to limit urban sprawl has been that of urban containment. These policies are planning controls limiting the growth of cities in an attempt to preserve open rural uses, such as habitat, agriculture and forestry, in urban regions. While there has been a substantial amount of research into these urban containment policies, most have focused on issues of land use, consumption, transportation impacts or economic development issues. This book examines the effects of urban containment policies on key social issues, such as housing, wealth building and creation, racial segregation and gentrification. It argues that, while the policies make important contributions to environmental sustainability, they also affect affordability for all the economic groups of citizens aside from the most wealthy. However, it also puts forward suggestions for revising such policies to counter these possible negative social impacts. As such, it will be valuable reading for scholars of environmental planning, social policy and regional development, as well as for policy makers.
This is a book about the use of personal influence, protektzia, in Israel. All over the world, in both democratic and socialist societies, there exists some degree of recognition of the rights of citizens to complain about unjust treatment in organizational encounters. While the goals and actual functioning of complaint-handling devices may vary, bureaucratic role relations are ideally governed by the principles of universalism, specificity, and affective neutrality. In fact, patterns of actual behavior frequently differ dramatically from this model, giving rise to practices from bribery and embezzlement to nepotism, patronage, and what is referred to in the United States as "pulling strings." In Israel, protektzia is widespread. This book is a major contribution to the systematic sociological study of this phenomenon. Drawing on the literature on the functioning of public administration around the world, Danet develops a theory about the conditions under which deviations from universalistic norms occur, distinguishing four patterns of organizational culture. The theory is then tested in a case study of bureaucratic encounters in Israel. Danet's fascinating study brings new insights to the debate regarding the cultural contradictions that continue to confront the still-emerging Israeli society. The conclusions and classifications of her theory prove invaluable as well to all those interested iorganizational culture, comparative public administration, and dispute-processing in general.
The most important discoveries of the 20th century exist not in the realm of science, medicine, or technology, but rather in the dawning awareness of the earth's limits and how those limits will affect human evolution. Humanity has reached a crossroad where various ecological catastrophes meet what some call sustainable development. While a great deal of attention has been given to what governments, corporations, utilities, international agencies, and private citizens can do to help in the transition to sustainability, little thought has been given to what schools, colleges, and universities can do. Ecological Literacy asks how the discovery of finiteness affects the content and substance of education. Given the limits of the earth, what should people know and how should they learn it?
This outstanding textbook recounts the major policy developments in Sweden, the former FRG, the United States and Britain since the 1930s and 1940s and concentrates on the restructuring of social policy since the world recession of the mid-1970s. Chapters on each welfare state analyze five areas of policy: policy ideology and welfare expenditure; income maintenance policies and outcomes; race and racial inequalities; women and family policies; and the health care system. Integrating class, race and gender perspectives into comparative social policy analysis, Norman Ginsburg focuses on the impact of social and economic policies on social inequalities, as well as on the role of labour movements, anti-racist movements and women's movements in shaping social policy. He convincingly argues that rather than mitigating the effects of social inequalities, social policies in all four states have in fact played a part in widening class, race and gender inequalities since the mid-1970s.
David B. Wong proposes that there can be a plurality of true moralities, moralities that exist across different traditions and cultures, all of which address facets of the same problem: how we are to live well together. Wong examines a wide array of positions and texts within the Western canon as well as in Chinese philosophy, and draws on philosophy, psychology, evolutionary theory, history, and literature, to make a case for the importance of pluralism in moral life, and to establish the virtues of acceptance and accommodation. Wong's point is that there is no single value or principle or ordering of values and principles that offers a uniquely true path for human living, but variations according to different contexts that carry within them a common core of human values. We should thus be modest about our own morality, learn from other approaches, and accommodate different practices in our pluralistic society.
Based on the author s analysis of in-depth interviews and relevant research literature, this booki nvestigates and explores the experiences, problems and pressures faced by black and ethnic minority women managers in the United Kingdom. To date, research addressing the issues of black managers has been almost exclusively American, predominantly black African-Americans, and the overall amount of published research has been limited. Indeed, studies of black and ethnic minority professional women, especially in corporate settings, have been virtually excluded from the growing body of research on women in management. This book has been written to fill this gap.
This stimulating introduction to the sociological perspective now in its first Canadian edition acquaints students with the classic foundations of sociological analysis. Informed throughout by sociological theory and historical background, the book addresses controversial issues and key questions concerning the human condition. The Social Condition of Humanity is a critical yet generous and even-handed treatment of classical and modern theorists that constitutes a vigorous and satisfying presentation of sociology as a discipline. This new Canadian edition updates the text and discusses Canadian research, providing new material on subjects such as race and ethnicity, the family, economic development, cities, crime, and social stratification, particularly concerning Canadian society, as well as a new final chapter on the most pressing social issue of the day: the environmental crisis.
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