Pietro S. Nivola's Books

Managing Green Mandates

Local Rigors of U.S. Environmental Regulation

By: Pietro S. Nivola,Jon A. Shields

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Managing Green Mandates

Local Rigors of U.S. Environmental Regulation

By: Pietro S. Nivola,Jon A. Shields

A Brookings Institution Press and American Enterprise Institute publication Federal policies have made great progress protecting the environment. But the policies sometimes have imposed inordinate costs on local governments. Managing Green Mandates describes how various federal environmental directives do not suit diverse conditions at the local level, and compel local communities to spend their revenues on reducing relatively minor risks to the public health. While policymakers have thrown far-reaching requirements at the feet of local authorities, the federal government is providing them less aid to comply with the increasingly stringent standards. The burden of these underfunded mandates can further disadvantage many overtaxed municipalities. Pietro Nivola is a senior fellow in the Governmental Studies program at the Brookings Institution. He is the author of The Laws of the Landscape: How Politics Shape Cities in Europe and America (Brookings 1999). Jon Shields is a graduate student in the Department of Government and Foreign Affairs at the University of Virginia.

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Brookings Institution Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0815798806

ISBN 13

9780815798804

Tense Commandments

Federal Prescriptions and City Problems

By: Pietro S. Nivola

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Tense Commandments

Federal Prescriptions and City Problems

By: Pietro S. Nivola

Despite widespread urban revitalization and renewal, Americans still prefer the suburbs to the cities. While many of the underlying causes of the urban predicament are familiar, there is also the less recognized possibility that regulatory policies of the federal government disadvantage the cities and ultimately burden their ability to attract residents and businesses. This book encourages renewed reflection on the suitable balance between national and local domains.

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244

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Brookings Institution Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0815760930

ISBN 13

9780815760931

Regulating Unfair Trade

By: Pietro S. Nivola

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Regulating Unfair Trade

By: Pietro S. Nivola

In the early 1980s, American complaints about unfair trade practices began to intensify. Sunrise industries, such as manufacturers of semiconductors and telecommunications equipment, joined older complainants, including steel and textile producers, in seeking more safeguards against international competitors who priced their products too aggressively or whose governments subsidized exports or protected home markets. In this politically charged atmosphere, the U.S. government has devised increasingly stringent regulatory programs to address the claimed abuses and distortions. In this book, Pietro Nivola examines the strenuous effort to combat the objectionable trading practices of other countries. Through most of the postwar period, Nivola notes, policymakers had deemed it in the nation's economic and strategic interests to tolerate asymmetries and infractions in the international trading order. But that tolerance has been sharply lowered by heightened sensitivity to inequities, and a growing conviction that government should intervene, frequently and forcefully, to ensure a "level playing field." The book maintains that foreign protectionism lower East-West tensions, and alleged American decline in the face of international competition cannot fully explain the stiffening regulation of unfair trade. The world trading system, Nivola contends, is not more restrictive now than it was earlier. Cries about foreign commercial transgressions in recent years have remained shrill despite a formidable U.S. export boom and an improved current account valance. Much of the U.S. regulatory activity has acquired a political momentum of its own. The activity has increased not just because global competitive pressures have generally intensified but because we have developed more ways and inducement to complain about those pressures. Nivola cautions that trade regulations now bears too much of the burden for ameliorating economic imbalances and deficiencies. The tendency a

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Page Count

212

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Brookings Institution Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

081572036X

ISBN 13

9780815720362

Laws of the Landscape

How Policies Shape Cities in Europe and America

By: Pietro S. Nivola

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Laws of the Landscape

How Policies Shape Cities in Europe and America

By: Pietro S. Nivola

For decades, concerns have been raised about the consequences of relentless suburban expansion in the United States. But so far, government programs to control urban sprawl have had little effect in slowing it down, much less stopping it. In this book, Pietro S. Nivola raises important questions about the continued suburbanization of America: Is suburban growth just the result of market forces, or have government policies helped induce greater sprawl? How much of the government intervention has been undesirable, and what has been beneficial? And, if suburban growth is to be controlled, what changes in public policies would be not only effective, but practical? Nivola addresses these questions by comparing sprawling U.S. metropolitan areas to compact development patterns in Europe. He contrasts the effects of traditional urban programs, as well as "accidental urban policies" that have a profound if commonly unrecognized impact on cities, including national tax systems, energy conservation efforts, agricultural supports, and protection from international commerce. Nivola also takes a hard look at the traditional solutions of U.S. urban policy agenda involving core-area reconstruction projects, mass transit investments, "smart" growth controls, and metropolitan organizational rearrangements, and details the reasons why they often don't work. He concludes by recommending reforms for key U.S. policies--from taxes to transportation to federal regulations--based on the successes and failures of the European experience. Brookings Metropolitan Series

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