The presence of freely moving charges gives peculiar properties to electrolyte solutions, such as electric conductance, charge transfer, and junction potentials in electrochemical systems. These charges play a dominant role in transport processes, by contrast with classical equilibrium thermodynamics which considers the electrically neutral electrolyte compounds. The present status of transport theory does not permit a first prin ciples analys1s of all transport phenomena with a detailed model of the relevant interactions. Host of the models are still unsufficient for real systems of reasonable complexity. The Liouville equation may be adapted with some Brownian approximations to problems of interact ing solute particles in a continuum (solvent>; however, keeping the Liouville level beyond the limiting laws is an unsolvable task. Some progress was made at the Pokker-Planck level; however, despite a promising start, this theory in its actual form is still unsatis factory for complex systems involving many ions and chemical reac tions. A better approach is provided by the so-called Smoluchowski level in which average velocities are used, but there the hydrodyna mic interactions produce some difficulties. The chemist or chemical engineer, or anyone working with complex electrolyte solutions in applied research wants a general representa tion of the transport phenomena which does not reduce the natural complexity of the multicomponent systems. Reduction of the natural complexity generally is connected with substantial changes of the systems.
Understanding chemical reactivity has been the permanent concern of chemists from time immemorial. If we were able to understand it and express it quantitatively there would practically remain no unsolved mystery, and reactions would be fully predictable, with their products and rates and even side reactions. The beautiful developments of thermodynamics through the 19th century supplied us with the knowledge of the way a reactions progresses, and the statistical view initiated by Gibbs has progressively led to an unders tanding closer to the microscopic phenomena. But is was always evident to all that these advances still left our understanding of chemical reactivity far behind our empirical knowledge of the chemical reaction in its practically infinite variety. The advances of recent years in quantum chemistry and statistical mechanics, enhanced by the present availability of powerful and fast compu ters, are very fast changing this picture, and bringing us really close to a microscopic understanding of chemical equilibria, reaction rates, etc.... This is the reason why our Society encouraged a few years ago the initiative of Professor Savo Bratos who, with a group of French colleagues, prepared an impressive study on "Reactivite chimique en phase liquide", a prospective report which was jointly published by the Societe Fran
Les livres de cette collection sont consacrés à des hommes récemment disparus, et qui ont occupé une place importante dans le catholicisme français contemporain. Leur influence, qu’elle ait été visible à tous les yeux, ou qu’elle soit restée — momentanément ou partiellement cachée — n’en a pas moins été considérable. L’action catholique, la pensée catholique d’aujourd’hui, sont pénétrés de l’esprit de ces maîtres. Il était juste de leur rendre hommage, et profitable d’écouter leurs leçons.
The long-neglected Red Sea shore area has, over the past ten years, yielded a considerable amount of data that has enabled us to understand its specific role in pharaonic times. In 2001, fieldwork resumed in the former harbour of Mersa Gawasis, which was first identified by Abd el-Moneim Sayed in 1977. The rich archaeological and epigraphical findings by a joint American-Italian team demonstrated that the site was used throughout the 12 dynasty as a launching harbour for expeditions to the land of Punt, which lay to the south of the Red Sea. North of the Gulf of Suez, vestiges of a harbour built early on in the Old Kingdom were progressively unearthed at the site of Ayn Soukhna, which was discovered by Mahmoud Abd el-Raziq in 1999: the full remains of Middle Kingdom vessels were found there, stored in onsite galleries between expeditions to the copper and turquoise mining sites of the Sinai. The aim of this conference, which was held in Cairo and Ayn Soukhna in January 2009, was to bring together most of the specialists studying the Red Sea shore area and its relations with the Nile Valley. The proceeding's give an overview of the most recent research on this strategic zone during the pharaonic period."--Page 4 of cover.
Institut français d'archéologie orientale du Caire - IFAO
Published Date
ISBN 10
272470598X
ISBN 13
9782724705980
Login
Not registered?
Sign up
Already registered?
Success – Your message will goes here
We'd love to hear from you!
Thank you for visiting our website. Would you like to provide feedback on how we could improve your experience?
This site does not use any third party cookies with one exception — it uses cookies from Google to deliver its services and to analyze traffic.Learn More.