Unique perspectives from an acclaimed art historian on the relationship between drawing and painting From Drawing to Painting interweaves biographical information about five renowned French artists—Nicolas Poussin, Antoine Watteau, Jean-Honoré Fragonard, Jacques-Louis David, and Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres—with a fascinating look at dozens of their drawings and the links that they have to their paintings. This book explores drawing as a site of reflection, the space between the idea of a painted image and its realization on canvas. How, why, and for whom did these artists draw? What value did they place on their drawings? How did their drawings get handed down to us? In what way do they enable us better to understand the artists’ intentions, their creative processes, and to penetrate their worlds? Pierre Rosenberg determines that each artist approached drawing in a distinctive way, reflecting his individual training, work habits, and personal ambitions. For example, Poussin viewed his drawings simply as working documents, Watteau preferred his drawings to his paintings, and Fragonard made a lucrative business selling his graphic work. For David and Ingres, drawing had a considerable pedagogical function, whether in copying the great works of their predecessors or in sharpening their own techniques. From Drawing to Painting Offers an unprecedented view of the artistic process, and makes an important and beautiful addition to any art library. Please note: All images in this ebook are presented in black and white and have been reduced in size.
Business Law and Economics for Civil Law Systems highlights the relevance of economic analysis of business law from a civilian perspective. It integrates a comparative approach (common law and civil law) to economic analysis using tools and illustrations to assist in conducting critical economic analysis of rules in the field of business law. This book is a valuable contribution to the reflection on the place and meaning of value creation and accountability as goals for business law. It will be of great value to academics interested in business law, competition law, comparative law and legal theory, students studying law, business and economics, and to policy makers and regulators.
Magda Trocmé (1901-1996) was the Italian-born wife of Reverend André Trocmé (1901-1971), a French pastor deeply involved in the social gospel movement that saw Christianity embedded in progressive political struggles. Together, they worked heroically, and under dangerous circumstances, to prevent the deportation of thousands of people to Nazi concentration camps. Living in the small, mainly Protestant town of Le Chambon-sur-Lignon on the Plateau Vivarais-Lignon in southern France, Magda and André Trocmé inspired a network of resistance to the Vichy regime's deportation of Jews and would eventually be honoured as "Righteous Among the Nations" by the state of Israel. This book includes a mosaic of sermons, letters, published articles, diaries, and speeches from the war years, but also before and after, extending from the 1920s to the 1970s. The couple travelled widely after the war, meeting with the likes of Martin Luther King Jr, Indira Gandhi, Elie Wiesel, and Rosa Parks, and played an active role in movements for anti-colonialism, nuclear disarmament, and peace. Appearing for the first time in English, these texts have been selected by Pierre Boismorand, who offers bridging commentary and explanatory notes throughout. Through a diverse range of public, private, and autobiographical documents, the reader enters the heart of this remarkable couple's motivations, hopes, and also their unfulfilled dreams. André and Magda Trocmé lived through a troubled time with conviction, courage, and dignity - their writings provide a powerful example of an unyielding dedication to justice and peaceful resistance.
Pierre-Andr Taguieff puts forward a powerful thesis: that racism has evolved from an argument about races, naturalizing inequality between "biologically" defined groups on the basis of fear of the other, to an argument about cultures, naturalizing historical differences and justifying exclusion. Correspondingly, Taguieff shows how antiracism must adopt the strategy that fits the variety of racism it opposes. Already viewed as an essential work of reference in France, The Force of Prejudice is an invaluable tool for identifying and understanding both racism and its antidote in our day
The Canada–U.S. border was in flames as the War of 1812 continued. York's parliament buildings were on fire, Niagara-on-the-Lake burned to the ground and Buffalo lay in ashes. Even the American capital of Washington, far to the south, was put to the torch. The War of 1812 had become one of the nineteenth century's bloodiest struggles. Flames Across the Border is a compelling evocation of war at its most primeval level — the muddy fields, the frozen forests and the ominous waters where men fought and died. Pierre Berton skilfully captures the courage, determination and terror of the universal soldier, giving new dimension and fresh perspective to this early conflict between the two emerging nations of North America.
Child analysis has occupied a special place in the history of psychoanalysis because of the challenges it poses to practitioners and the clashes it has provoked among its advocates. Since the early days in Vienna under Sigmund Freud child psychoanalysts have tried to comprehend and make comprehensible to others the psychosomatic troubles of childhood and to adapt clinical and therapeutic approaches to all the stages of development of the baby, the child, the adolescent and the young adult. Claudine and Pierre Geissmann trace the history and development of child analysis over the last century and assess the contributions made by pioneers of the discipline, whose efforts to expand its theoretical foundations led to conflict between schools of thought, most notably to the rift between Anna Freud and Melanie Klein. Now taught and practised widely in Europe, the USA and South America, child and adolescent psychoanalysis is unique in the insight it gives into the psychological aspects of child development, and in the therapeutic benefits it can bring both to the child and its family.
The presence of Jews in Quebec dates back four centuries. Quebec Jewry, in Montreal in particular, has evolved over time, thanks to successive waves of migration from different regions of the world. The Jews of Quebec belong to a unique society in North America, which they have worked to fashion. The dedication with which they have defended their rights and their extensive achievements in multiple sectors of activity have helped foster diversity in Quebec. This work recounts the different contributions Jews have made over the years, along with the cultural context that encouraged the emergence in Montreal of a Jewish community like no other in North America. This is the first overview of a history that began during the French Regime and continued, through many twists and turns, up to the turn of the twenty-first century.
This book presents the most important methods used for the design of digital controls implemented in industrial applications. The best modelling and identification techniques for dynamical systems are presented as well as the algorithms for the implementation of the modern solutions of process control. The proposed described methods are illustrated by various case studies for the main industrial sectors There exist a number of books related each one to a single type of control, yet usually without comparisons for various industrial sectors. Some other books present modelling and identification methods or signal processing. This book presents the methods to solve all the problems linked to the design of a process control without the need to find additional information.
This textbook provides a comprehensive introduction to the physics of laser-plasma interactions (LPI), based on a graduate course taught by the author. The emphasis is on high-energy-density physics (HEDP) and inertial confinement fusion (ICF), with a comprehensive description of the propagation, absorption, nonlinear effects and parametric instabilities of high energy lasers in plasmas. The recent demonstration of a burning plasma on the verge of nuclear fusion ignition at the National Ignition Facility in Livermore, California, has marked the beginning of a new era of ICF and fusion research. These new developments make LPI more relevant than ever, and the resulting influx of new scientists necessitates new pedagogical material on the subject. In contrast to the classical textbooks on LPI, this book provides a complete description of all wave-coupling instabilities in unmagnetized plasmas in the kinetic as well as fluid pictures, and includes a comprehensive description of the optical smoothing techniques used on high-power lasers and their impact on laser-plasma instabilities. It summarizes all the key developments from the 1970s to the present day in view of the current state of LPI and ICF research; it provides a derivation of the key LPI metrics and formulas from first principles, and connects the theory to experimental observables. With exercises and plenty of illustrations, this book is ideal as a textbook for a course on laser-plasma interactions or as a supplementary text for graduate introductory plasma physics course. Students and researchers will also find it to be an invaluable reference and self-study resource.
Myopathies and Tendinopathies of the Diabetic Foot: Anatomy, Pathomechanics, and Imaging is a unique reference of valuable instructive data that reinforces the understanding of myopathies and tendinopathies related to diabetes-induced Charcot foot. Diabetic myopathies usually precede other complications (i.e., deformity, ulceration, infection) seen in the diabetic foot. Oftentimes, these myopathies may be isolated especially during their initial stage. In the absence of clinical information relevant to diabetes, the solitaire occurrence of myopathies may lead to confusion, misinterpretation, and misdiagnosis. The misdiagnosis can cause delay of management and consequent high morbidity. This book emphasizes the complications of diabetic myopathies and tendinopathies and all their aspects, including pathophysiology, pathomechanics, imaging protocols, radiological manifestations, histological characteristics, and surgical management.Diabetes type II and its complications (diabetic myopathies and tendinopathies) have reached a dreadful high incidence worldwide. Likewise, the need for better understanding of these complications becomes indispensable. In this book, the readers of all genres will find all they need to know about these conditions. This book serves as a classic academic reference for educators, healthcare specialists, healthcare givers, and healthcare students. - Presents dedicated chapters on tendons and myotendinous junction which are anatomical components frequently ignored in the study of muscles - Includes descriptions of diabetic foot myopathies featured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - Provides illustrations of myopathies and tendinopathies with state-of-the-art MRI images and MR imaging protocols for myopathies - Covers anatomical and biomechanic descriptions of all intrinsic and extrinsic muscles
The field of cytokine research is expanding at a rapid pace Contributions from the major leading groups in the world on the structure and biological properties of cytokine and cytokine receptors, as well as integrated reviews on cytokines in various physiological and pathological conditions were presented in three issues of International Reviews of Immunology This collection of articles provided a unique source of information However, important discoveries are emerging very rapidly and some of the reviews written in 1997 are already outdated In this book, the editors assemble reviews that have been updated by their authors to include all the recent publications and unpublished data from the authors' laboratories This volume should serve as an excellent reference source for all those concerned by the multiple faces of cytokines in basic research and in the clinic
Broué enables us to feel that we are actually living through these epoch-making events.... [D]o not miss this magnificent work."--Robert Brenner, UCLA A magisterial, definitive account of the upheavals in Germany in the wake of the Russian revolution. Broué meticulously reconstitutes six decisive years, 1917-23, of social struggles in Germany. The consequences of the defeat of the German revolution had profound consequences for the world. Pierre Broué (1926-2005) was for many years Professor of Contemporary History at the Institut d'études politiques in Grenoble and was a world renowned specialist on the communist and international workers' movements.
We think of the Enlightenment as an era dominated by ideas of progress, production, and industry--not an era that favored the lax and indolent individual. But was the Enlightenment only about the unceasing improvement of self and society? The Pursuit of Laziness examines moral, political, and economic treatises of the period, and reveals that crucial eighteenth-century texts did find value in idleness and nonproductivity. Fleshing out Enlightenment thinking in the works of Denis Diderot, Joseph Joubert, Pierre de Marivaux, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Jean-Siméon Chardin, this book explores idleness in all its guises, and illustrates that laziness existed, not as a vice of the wretched, but as an exemplar of modernity and a resistance to beliefs about virtue and utility. Whether in the dawdlings of Marivaux's journalist who delayed and procrastinated or in the subjects of Chardin's paintings who delighted in suspended, playful time, Pierre Saint-Amand shows how eighteenth-century works provided a strong argument for laziness. Rousseau abandoned his previous defense of labor to pursue reverie and botanical walks, Diderot emphasized a parasitic strategy of resisting work in order to liberate time, and Joubert's little-known posthumous Notebooks radically opposed the central philosophy of the Enlightenment in a quest to infinitely postpone work. Unsettling the stubborn view of the eighteenth century as an age of frenetic industriousness and labor, The Pursuit of Laziness plumbs the texts and images of the time and uncovers deliberate yearnings for slowness and recreation. Some images inside the book are unavailable due to digital copyright restrictions.
Fossil biomineralizarion in a geologic framework for advanced students and researchers in paleontology, Earth history, evolution, sedimentology, geochemistry, and materials science.
Which Springbok match saw the least number of spectators ever attending a test match? Who was the unofficial arm-wrestling champion in the Springbok side on the 1981 tour to New Zealand? Which Springbok lock played with a glass eye? Welcome to the ultimate rugby quiz book for real rugby fans! Springbok Rugby Quiz examines the lore of rugby in an unusually entertaining way: it comprises 1001 questions and answers. Rugby lovers can now enjoy some of the most outlandish anecdotes, as well as cold, hard facts and statistics, about this game we all love. This well-researched book covers the entire spectrum of our rugby history, from the first test match in 1891, up to modern times. The book has two sections: test yourself by reading the question in the first part and then cross-check your answer in the second part. Rugby fans will certainly find more than enough challenges among the 1001 questions included here. And, as a bonus, the author also includes his Dream Team – the best players of all time united in one super team. Fun, informative and factual, this is a must-read for all rugby fans.
To commemorate the bi-centenary of the War of 1812, Anchor Canada brings together Pierre Berton's two groundbreaking books on the subject. The Invasion of Canada is a remarkable account of the war's first year and the events that led up to it; Pierre Berton transforms history into an engrossing narrative that reads like a fast-paced novel. Drawing on personal memoirs and diaries as well as official dispatches, the author has been able to get inside the characters of the men who fought the war - the common soldiers as well as the generals, the bureaucrats and the profiteers, the traitors and the loyalists. The Canada-U.S. border was in flames as the War of 1812 continued. York's parliament buildings were on fire, Niagara-on-the-Lake burned to the ground and Buffalo lay in ashes. Even the American capital of Washington, far to the south, was put to the torch. The War of 1812 had become one of the nineteenth century's bloodiest struggles. Flames Across the Border is a compelling evocation of war at its most primeval - the muddy fields, the frozen forests and the ominous waters where men fought and died. Pierre Berton skilfully captures the courage, determination and terror of the universal soldier, giving new dimension and fresh perspective to this early conflict between the two emerging nations of North America.
The question of why an individual would actively kill itself has long been an evolutionary mystery. Pierre M. Durand’s ambitious book answers this question through close inspection of life and death in the earliest cellular life. As Durand shows us, cell death is a fascinating lens through which to examine the interconnectedness, in evolutionary terms, of life and death. It is a truism to note that one does not exist without the other, but just how does this play out in evolutionary history? These two processes have been studied from philosophical, theoretical, experimental, and genomic angles, but no one has yet integrated the information from these various disciplines. In this work, Durand synthesizes cellular studies of life and death looking at the origin of life and the evolutionary significance of programmed cellular death. The exciting and unexpected outcome of Durand’s analysis is the realization that life and death exhibit features of coevolution. The evolution of more complex cellular life depended on the coadaptation between traits that promote life and those that promote death. In an ironic twist, it becomes clear that, in many circumstances, programmed cell death is essential for sustaining life.
Translated by Vivian Felsen Finalist, 2018 Governor General’s Literary Awards (GGBooks), Translation category Born in the Ukraine in 1896, and settling in Montreal in 1910, Segal became one of the first Yiddish writers in Canada. His poetry, infused with lyricism and mysticism, along with the numerous essays and articles he penned, embodied both a rich literary tradition and the modernism of his day. Pierre Anctil has written so much more than a biography. For the first time, Segal’s poetic production is referenced, translated and rigorously analyzed, and includes over 100 pages of appendices, shedding light on the artistic, spiritual, cultural and historical importance of his oeuvre. By introducing the reader to the poet’s work through previously unpublished translations, Anctil demonstrates that in many respects it reflects the history of the Jewish immigrants who arrived in North America from Russia, the Ukraine and Poland at the beginning of the 20th century, as well as the tragic experiences of Jewish intellectual refugees of the interwar period. This admirably written, sweeping yet subtle, work will appeal both to scholars and to a broader audience. The original French version was awarded the prestigious 2014 Canada Prize in the Humanities by the Canadian Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences.
Self-Interest before Adam Smith inquires into the foundations of economic theory. It is generally assumed that the birth of modern economic science, marked by the publication of The Wealth of Nations in 1776, was the triumph of the 'selfish hypothesis' (the idea that self-interest is the motive of human action). Yet, as a neo-Epicurean idea, this hypothesis had been a matter of controversy for over a century and Smith opposed it from a neo-Stoic point of view. But how can the Epicurean principles of orthodox economic theory be reconciled with the Stoic principles of Adam Smith's philosophy? Pierre Force shows how Smith's theory refutes the 'selfish hypothesis' and integrates it at the same time. He also explains how Smith appropriated Rousseau's 'republican' critique of modern commercial society, and makes the case that the autonomy of economic science is an unintended consequence of Smith's 'republican' principles.
Pierre-Joseph Redouté (1759–1840) ranks among the most highly regarded botanical illustrators in history. Known as the "Raphael of Flowers" for his meticulously accurate watercolors of roses, lilies, and other flowers, Redouté dominated botanical art from 1790 to 1830. The official court artist for Louis XVI and art tutor to Marie Antoinette, he survived the Terror and received the patronage of Napoleon's wife, Empress Josephine. Today the appreciation of Redouté's masterworks is no longer limited to aristocratic circles. Hailed by botanists for their scientific accuracy and by lovers of fine art for their peerless beauty, the artist's floral illustrations appear in reproductions in millions of homes around the world. This original compilation presents 80 exquisite renderings of his finest works, with each image accompanied by a brief caption. In addition to its value as a reference for artists, this lushly illustrated volume is a wonderful companion for nature lovers.
Discover work from the artist known as the "Raphael of Flowers" in this breathtaking hardcover edition featuring 90 of Pierre-Joseph Redouté's finest botanical illustrations. A must-have for artists and nature lovers, each masterpiece comes to life with vivid detail and a brief caption.
Mega Square Roses presents the large number of different species of this unique flower, which is charged with so many feelings and imbued with powerful cultural significance. Because of the rose’s botanical as well as artistic value, this book features a popular subject for art lovers as well as for people who enjoy the beauty and versatility of flowers. Each of the colourful and detailed illustrations is completed with the aid of valuable scientific information.
Provides the background, tools, and models required to understand organic synthesis and plan chemical reactions more efficiently Knowledge of physical chemistry is essential for achieving successful chemical reactions in organic chemistry. Chemists must be competent in a range of areas to understand organic synthesis. Organic Chemistry provides the methods, models, and tools necessary to fully comprehend organic reactions. Written by two internationally recognized experts in the field, this much-needed textbook fills a gap in current literature on physical organic chemistry. Rigorous yet straightforward chapters first examine chemical equilibria, thermodynamics, reaction rates and mechanisms, and molecular orbital theory, providing readers with a strong foundation in physical organic chemistry. Subsequent chapters demonstrate various reactions involving organic, organometallic, and biochemical reactants and catalysts. Throughout the text, numerous questions and exercises, over 800 in total, help readers strengthen their comprehension of the subject and highlight key points of learning. The companion Organic Chemistry Workbook contains complete references and answers to every question in this text. A much-needed resource for students and working chemists alike, this text: -Presents models that establish if a reaction is possible, estimate how long it will take, and determine its properties -Describes reactions with broad practical value in synthesis and biology, such as C-C-coupling reactions, pericyclic reactions, and catalytic reactions -Enables readers to plan chemical reactions more efficiently -Features clear illustrations, figures, and tables -With a Foreword by Nobel Prize Laureate Robert H. Grubbs Organic Chemistry: Theory, Reactivity, and Mechanisms in Modern Synthesis is an ideal textbook for students and instructors of chemistry, and a valuable work of reference for organic chemists, physical chemists, and chemical engineers.
A beautiful book that showcases how circus figures and artifacts have been portrayed in art over the past two centuries The circus is a dazzling world filled with acrobats and harlequins, tumblers and riders, monsters and celestial creatures. Now this engaging book sets that world in a new light, examining how painters, sculptors, and photographers from the eighteenth century to the present have used the circus as a springboard for their imaginative expression and have envisioned the clown as a metaphor for the modern artist. The book presents more than 175 works by such artists as Degas, Toulouse-Lautrec, Rouault, Picasso, Chagall, and Léger. Some of these are masterful works shown for the first time; these range from the 18-meter stage curtain Picasso designed in 1917 for Erik Satie's ballet Parade to more intimate works such as Nadar and Tournachon's photographs of Pierrot as played by celebrated mime Charles Debureau.
The economic influence of central banks has received ever more attention given their centrality during the financial crises that led to the Great Recession, strains in the European Union, and the challenges to the Euro. The Oxford Handbook of the Economics of Central Banking reflects the state of the art in the theory and practice and covers a wide range of topics that will provide insight to students, scholars, and practitioners. As an up to date reference of the current and potential challenges faced by central banks in the conduct of monetary policy and in the search for the maintenance of financial system stability, this Oxford Handbook covers a wide range of essential issues. The first section provides insights into central bank governance, the differing degrees of central bank independence, and the internal dynamics of their decision making. The next section focuses on questions of whether central banks can ameliorate fiscal burdens, various strategies to affect monetary policy, and how the global financial crisis affected the relationship between the traditional focus on inflation targeting and unconventional policy instruments such as quantitative easing (QE), foreign exchange market interventions, negative interest rates, and forward guidance. The next two sections turn to central bank communications and management of expectations and then mechanisms of policy transmission. The fifth part explores the challenges of recent developments in the economy and debates about the roles central banks should play, focusing on micro- and macro-prudential arguments. The implications of recent developments for policy modeling are covered in the last section. The breadth and depth enhances understanding of the challenges and opportunities facing central banks.
Parker's acclaimed guide, fully revised with ratings on the latest vintages from around the world, is one of the most authoritative wine guides available and now comes with expanded sections on the popular wines of California and Italy.
Noted historian Pierre Anctil takes a deep dive into editorials devoted to Jews and Judaism in Quebec’s daily Le Devoir in the first half of the twentieth century. Long one of the most discussed historiographical issues in Canadian Jewish history, these editorials are of great significance as they are representative of the reaction of the nationalist Francophone elite to the Jewish presence in Montreal, to German Nazi State anti-Semitism and to the Shoah. Pierre Anctil proposes a new reading of the editorials published in the pages of Le Devoir from 1910 to 1947—from the founding of the newspaper by Henri Bourassa until the death of its second director, Georges Pelletier. During that time, some two hundred editorials were devoted to Jews and Judaism, of which Anctil has selected sixty for inclusion in this volume. Although many of the editorials conveyed the clearly anti-Semitic views of Le Devoir’s editorialists and of Quebec society at large, a number of the editorials did express positive views of Jewish activities and accomplishments in Quebec society. Readers will find this to be an in-depth analysis and nuanced treatment of an important aspect of Canadian Jewish history. This book is published in English, translated from the original "À chacun ses juifs". - Quelle place la question juive a-t-elle occupée dans les pages du quotidien québécois Le Devoir dans la première moitié du XXe siècle? L’historien Pierre Anctil propose une analyse détaillée des éditoriaux publiés par ce journal respecté entre 1910 et 1947. La position du Devoir relativement à la communauté juive de Montréal et au judaïsme en général est l’une des questions historiographiques les plus débattues en histoire juive canadienne. En effet, les éditoriaux parus dans Le Devoir sont d’une grande signification dans la mesure où ils sont représentatifs de la réaction de l’élite francophone nationaliste à la présence juive à Montréal, à l’antisémitisme de l’État nazi allemand, et à la Shoah. Plusieurs ouvrages de langue anglaise décrivent Le Devoir comme un exemple typique de la position idéologique du Canada français des années 1930 et sa méfiance, voire son hostilité, envers les Juifs. Jusqu’à maintenant, toutefois, aucune étude sérieuse n’avait été réalisée pour appuyer ou pour réfuter ce postulat. Pierre Anctil propose une nouvelle lecture des éditoriaux du Devoir parus entre 1910 et 1947 – soit depuis la fondation du journal par Henri Bourassa jusqu’à la mort de son deuxième éditeur, Georges Pelletier. Environ 200 des éditoriaux publiés pendant cette période – soit 2 % du nombre total – portaient sur les Juifs et le judaïsme. Anctil a fait une sélection de soixante éditoriaux et les présente en version intégrale et offre un commentaire critique pour chacun. De cette collection d’éditoriaux et leur analyse émerge enfin une idée plus claire de l’antisémitisme de l’époque, à la fois dans Le Devoir et dans la société québécoise. Ce livre est publié en anglais, une traduction du titre original "À chacun ses juifs".
At the present time, malaria is responsible for a million deaths a year, with 500 million reported cases of the disease and 2.5 billion people at risk of contracting it. The distribution and severity of the disease vary with the causative agents, vectors and environment. Of the 4 possible parasites, only P. falciparum causes fatal forms; the three others have debilitating effects related to frequent disease recurrence and reviviscence. More than 50 species of anophele are involved in the obligatory transmission of the parasite from man to man. Climate, environment and biogeography condition the distribution of anophele species and modulate the intensity of transmission. This is what is known as the biodiversity of malaria. At the present time, more than 90% of P. falciparum malaria deaths occur in tropical Africa where only 10% of the world's population lives. A child dies of malaria every 30 seconds. This continent is home to the most effective vectors and the climate favours transmission. Severe cases also arise in the forested areas of South East Asia, New Guinea and the Amazon region. Throughout the rest of the tropical and subtropical world, the disease caused by P. vivax and/or P. malariae is less serious.
Speech: A dynamic process takes readers on a rigorous exploratory journey to expose them to the inherently dynamic nature of speech. The book addresses an intriguing question: Based only on physical principles alone, can the exploitation of a simple acoustic tube evolve into an optimal speech production system comparable to the one we possess? In the work presented, the tube is deformed step by step with the sole criterion of expending minimum effort to obtain maximum acoustic variations. At the end of this process, the tube is found divided into distinctive regions and an acoustic space emerges capable of generating speech sounds. Attaching this tube to a model, an inherently dynamic and efficient system is created. In the resulting system, optimal primitive trajectories are seen to naturally exist in the acoustic space and the regions defined in the tube correspond to the main places of articulation for oral vowels and plosive consonants. All this implies that these speech sounds are inherent properties of not only the modeled acoustic tube but also of the human speech production system. This book stands as a valuable resource for accomplished and aspiring speech scientists as well as for other interested persons in search for an introduction to speech acoustics that takes an unconventional path.
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