Pierre Clastres's Books

Society Against the State

Essays in Political Anthropology

By: Pierre Clastres

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Society Against the State

Essays in Political Anthropology

By: Pierre Clastres

In this seminal, founding work of political anthropology, Pierre Clastres takes on some of the most abiding and essential questions of human civilization: What is power? What is society? How, among all the possible modes of political organization, did we come to choose the monolithic State model and its accompanying regimes of coercion? As Clastres shows, other and different regimes do indeed exist, and they existed long before ours — regimes in which power, though it manifests itself everywhere, is nonetheless noncoercive. In such societies, political culture, and cultural practices generally, are not only not submissive to the State model, but they actively avert it, rendering impossible the very conditions in which coercive power and the State could arise. How then could our own “societies of the State” ever have arisen from these rich and complex stateless societies, and why? Clastres brilliantly and imaginatively addresses these questions, meditating on the peculiar shape and dynamics of so-called “primitive societies,” and especially on the discourses with which “civilized” (i.e., political, economic, literate) peoples have not ceased to reduce and contain them. He refutes outright the idea that the State is the ultimate and logical density of all societies. On the contrary, Clastres develops a whole alternate and always affirmative political technology based on values such as leisure, prestige, and generosity. Through individual essays he explores and deftly situates the anarchistic political and social roles of storytelling, homosexuality, jokes, ruinous gift-giving, and the torturous ritual marking of the body, placing them within an economy of power and desire very different from our own, one whose most fundamental goal is to celebrate life while rendering the rise of despotic power impossible. Though power itself is shown to be inseparable from the richest and most complex forms of social life, the State is seen as a specific but grotesque aberration peculiar only to certain societies, not least of which is our own. Not for sale in the U.K. and British Commonwealth, South Africa, Burma, Jordan, and Iraq.

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173

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Princeton University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0942299876

ISBN 13

9780942299878

Archeology of Violence, new edition

By: Pierre Clastres

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Archeology of Violence, new edition

By: Pierre Clastres

Clastres's final, posthumous book on the affirmative role of violence in “primitive societies.” The war machine is the motor of the social machine; the primitive social being relies entirely on war, primitive society cannot survive without war. The more war there is, the less unification there is, and the best enemy of the State is war. Primitive society is society against the State in that it is society-for-war.—from the Archeology of Violence Anthropologist and ethnographer Pierre Clastres was a major influence on Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari's Anti-Oedipus, and his writings formed an essential chapter in the discipline of political anthropology. The posthumous publication in French of Archeology of Violence in 1980 gathered together Clastres's final groundbreaking essays and the opening chapters of the book he had begun before his death in 1977 at the age of 43. Elaborating upon the conclusions of such earlier works as Society Against the State, in these essays Clastres critiques his former mentor, Claude Lévi-Strauss, and devastatingly rejects the orthodoxy of Marxist anthropology and other Western interpretive models of “primitive societies.” Discarding the traditional anthropological understanding of war among South American Indians as arising from a scarcity of resources, Clastres instead identifies violence among these peoples as a deliberate means to territorial segmentation and the avoidance of a State formation. In their refusal to separate the political from the social, and in their careful control of their tribal chiefs—who are rendered weak so as to remain dependent on the communities they represent—the “savages” Clastres presents prove to be shrewd political minds who resist in advance any attempt at “globalization.”The essays in this, Clastres's final book, cover subjects ranging from ethnocide and shamanism to “primitive” power and economy, and are as vibrant and engaging as they were thirty years ago. This new edition—which includes an introduction by Eduardo Viverios de Castro—holds even more relevance for readers in today's an era of malaise and globalization.

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340

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Semiotext(e)

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ISBN 10

1584350938

ISBN 13

9781584350934

Chronicle of the Guayaki Indians

By: Pierre Clastres

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Chronicle of the Guayaki Indians

By: Pierre Clastres

Chronicle of the Guayaki Indians is Pierre Clastres’s account of his 1963–64 encounter with this small Paraguayan tribe, a precise and detailed recording of the history, ritual, myths, and culture of this remarkably unique, and now vanished, people. “Determined not to let the slightest detail” escape him or to leave unanswered the many questions prompted by his personal experiences, Clastres follows the Guayaki in their everyday lives. Now available for the first time in a stunningly beautiful translation by Paul Auster, Chronicle of the Guayaki Indians radically alters not only the Western academic conventions in which other cultures are thought but also the discipline of political anthropology itself. Chronicle of the Guayaki Indians was awarded the Alta Prize in nonfiction by the American Literary Translators Association.

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345

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Princeton University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1942130597

ISBN 13

9781942130598

Chronicle of the Guayaki Indians

By: Pierre Clastres

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Chronicle of the Guayaki Indians

By: Pierre Clastres

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Princeton University Press

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1942130597

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9781942130598

Society Against the State

Essays in Political Anthropology

By: Pierre Clastres

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Society Against the State

Essays in Political Anthropology

By: Pierre Clastres

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Princeton University Press

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0942299876

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9780942299878

Good Government

Democracy beyond Elections

By: Pierre Rosanvallon

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Good Government

Democracy beyond Elections

By: Pierre Rosanvallon

Few would disagree that Western democracies are experiencing a crisis of representation. In the United States, gerrymandering and concentrated political geographies have placed the Congress and state legislatures in a stranglehold that is often at odds with public opinion. Campaign financing ensures that only the affluent have voice in legislation. Europeans, meanwhile, increasingly see the European Union as an anti-democratic body whose “diktats” have no basis in popular rule. The response, however, has not been an effective pursuit of better representation. In Good Government, Pierre Rosanvallon examines the long history of the alternative to which the public has gravitated: the empowered executive. Rosanvallon argues that, faced with everyday ineptitude in governance, people become attracted to strong leaders and bold executive action. If these fail, they too often want even stronger personal leadership. Whereas nineteenth-century liberals and reformers longed for parliamentary sovereignty, nowadays few contest the “imperial presidency.” Rosanvallon traces this history from the Weimar Republic to Charles De Gaulle’s “exceptional” presidency to the Bush-Cheney concentration of executive power. Europeans rebelling against the technocratic EU and Americans fed up with the “administrative state” have turned to charismatic figures, from Donald Trump to Viktor Orbán, who tout personal strength as their greatest asset. This is not just a right-wing phenomenon, though, as liberal contentment with Obama’s drone war demonstrates. Rosanvallon makes clear that contemporary “presidentialism” may reflect the particular concerns of the moment, but its many precursors demonstrate that democracy has always struggled with tension between popular government and concentrated authority.

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353

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Harvard University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0674986326

ISBN 13

9780674986329

Ancestor of the West

Writing, Reasoning, and Religion in Mesopotamia, Elam, and Greece

By: Jean Bottéro,Clarisse Herrenschmidt,Jean-Pierre Vernant

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Ancestor of the West

Writing, Reasoning, and Religion in Mesopotamia, Elam, and Greece

By: Jean Bottéro,Clarisse Herrenschmidt,Jean-Pierre Vernant

At the same time Ancestor of the West reminds us that these cultures were precursors of our own precisely because they possessed an intelligence that we still recognize. The ancients, even in their earliest writings, thought like us."--BOOK JACKET.

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220

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University of Chicago Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0226067157

ISBN 13

9780226067155

Archeology of Violence, new edition

By: Pierre Clastres

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Archeology of Violence, new edition

By: Pierre Clastres

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340

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Semiotext(e)

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1584350938

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9781584350934

The Pot-King

The Body and Technologies of Power

By: Jean-Pierre Warnier

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The Pot-King

The Body and Technologies of Power

By: Jean-Pierre Warnier

The king of Mankon, in the western highlands of Cameroon, is an agricultural engineer by training, a businessman, and a prominent politician on the national stage. He partakes in the “return of the kings” in the forefront of an African public space. This book analyses the principles of the sacred kingship which lie at the core of the king’s different roles. While showing that the king’s body acts as a container of bodily substances transformed into unifying ancestral life-essence by appropriate means, and bestowed upon its subjects, it develops an innovative approach to bodily and material cultures as an essential component of the technologies of power. In so doing, it departs significantly from previous approaches to sacred kingship.

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335

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BRILL

Published Date

ISBN 10

9047422708

ISBN 13

9789047422709

Common

On Revolution in the 21st Century

By: Pierre Dardot,Christian Laval

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Common

On Revolution in the 21st Century

By: Pierre Dardot,Christian Laval

Around the globe, contemporary protest movements are contesting the oligarchic appropriation of natural resources, public services, and shared networks of knowledge and communication. These struggles raise the same fundamental demand and rest on the same irreducible principle: the common. In this exhaustive account, Pierre Dardot and Christian Laval show how the common has become the defining principle of alternative political movements in the 21st century. In societies deeply shaped by neoliberal rationality, the common is increasingly invoked as the operative concept of practical struggles creating new forms of democratic governance. In a feat of analytic clarity, Dardot and Laval dissect and synthesize a vast repository on the concept of the commons, from the fields of philosophy, political theory, economics, legal theory, history, theology, and sociology. Instead of conceptualizing the common as an essence of man or as inherent in nature, the thread developed by Dardot and Laval traces the active lives of human beings: only a practical activity of commoning can decide what will be shared in common and what rules will govern the common's citizen-subjects. This re-articulation of the common calls for nothing less than the institutional transformation of society by society: it calls for a revolution.

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497

Publisher

Bloomsbury Publishing

Published Date

ISBN 10

1474238610

ISBN 13

9781474238618

Affluence and Freedom

An Environmental History of Political Ideas

By: Pierre Charbonnier

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Affluence and Freedom

An Environmental History of Political Ideas

By: Pierre Charbonnier

In this pathbreaking book, Pierre Charbonnier opens up a new intellectual terrain: an environmental history of political ideas. His aim is not to locate the seeds of ecological thought in the history of political ideas as others have done, but rather to show that all political ideas, whether or not they endorse ecological ideals, are informed by a certain conception of our relationship to the Earth and to our environment. The fundamental political categories of modernity were founded on the idea that we could improve on nature, that we could exert a decisive victory over its excesses and claim unlimited access to earthly resources. In this way, modern thinkers imagined a political society of free individuals, equal and prosperous, alongside the development of industry geared towards progress and liberated from the Earth’s shackles. Yet this pact between democracy and growth has now been called into question by climate change and the environmental crisis. It is therefore our duty today to rethink political emancipation, bearing in mind that this can no longer draw on the prospect of infinite growth promised by industrial capitalism. Ecology must draw on the power harnessed by nineteenth-century socialism to respond to the massive impact of industrialization, but it must also rethink the imperative to offer protection to society by taking account of the solidarity of social groups and their conditions in a world transformed by climate change. This timely and original work of social and political theory will be of interest to a wide readership in politics, sociology, environmental studies and the social sciences and humanities generally.

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328

Publisher

John Wiley & Sons

Published Date

ISBN 10

1509543732

ISBN 13

9781509543731

Evaluative Semantics

Cognition, Language and Ideology

By: Jean-Pierre Malrieu

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Evaluative Semantics

Cognition, Language and Ideology

By: Jean-Pierre Malrieu

Evaluation, from connotations to complex judgements of value, is probably the most neglected dimension of meaning. Calling for a new understanding of truth and value, this book is a comprehensive study of evaluation in natural language, at lexical, syntactic and discursive levels. Jean Pierre Malrieu explores the cognitive foundations of evaluation and uses connectionist networks to model evaluative processes. He takes into account the social dimension of evaluation, showing that ideological contexts account for evaluative variability. A discussion of compositionality and opacity leads to the argument that a semantics of evaluation has some key advantages over truth-conditional semantics and as an example Malrieu applies his evaluative semantics to a complex Shakespeare text. His connectionist model yields a mathematical estimation of the consistency of text with ideology, and is particularly useful in the identification of subtle rhetorical devices such as irony.

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329

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1134642296

ISBN 13

9781134642298

Yaa Baa

Production, Traffic, and Consumption of Methamphetamine in Mainland Southeast Asia

By: Pierre-Arnaud Chouvy,Joël Meissonier

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Yaa Baa

Production, Traffic, and Consumption of Methamphetamine in Mainland Southeast Asia

By: Pierre-Arnaud Chouvy,Joël Meissonier

The abuse of methamphetamines in Southeast Asia has become a major problem over the past decade. Thailand has been particularly hard hit, and methamphetamines abuse now affects all sectors of Thai society. In the early 1990s, manufacturers set up laboratories across the border in Burma and began large-scale production. The new and inexpensive product, known in Thailand as yaa baa or madness medicine, flooded the local market, and has also been found in the United States and Europe. Published in French in 2002 and now made available in an English translation, this book is the first to deal with the rapid spread of methamphetamines in the region and in Thailand in particular, and their impact it has had on local society.

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236

Publisher

NUS Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

9971692783

ISBN 13

9789971692780

Binders for Durable and Sustainable Concrete

By: Pierre-Claude Aitcin

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Binders for Durable and Sustainable Concrete

By: Pierre-Claude Aitcin

Linking theory to practice, this book provides a better fundamental understanding of Portland cement and hydraulic binders which is necessary to make better concrete. It has been clearly demonstrated that concrete durability is closely linked to its water/binder ratio and proper curing during the first week after casting. In this rigorously present

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529

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CRC Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1482265761

ISBN 13

9781482265767

Epistemology, Fieldwork, and Anthropology

By: Antoinette Tidjani Alou,Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan

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Epistemology, Fieldwork, and Anthropology

By: Antoinette Tidjani Alou,Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan

Epistemology, Fieldwork, and Anthropology provides a systematic examination of the empirical foundations of interpretations and grounded theories in anthropology. Olivier de Sardan explores the nature of the links between observed reality and the data produced during fieldwork, and between the data gathered and final interpretative statements. Olivier de Sardan's research asks how anthropologists develop a 'policy of fieldwork', what the advantages and limits of observation are, and if the dangers of over-interpretation and scientific ideologies be minimized. Exploring the space between epistemology and methodology, the book critically juxtaposes Anglo and Francophone writings about fieldwork, plausible interpretations, emicity, reflexivity, comparison, and scientific rigor.

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261

Publisher

Springer

Published Date

ISBN 10

1137477881

ISBN 13

9781137477880

Común

Ensayo sobre la revolución en el siglo XXI

By: Christian Laval,Pierre Dardot

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Común

Ensayo sobre la revolución en el siglo XXI

By: Christian Laval,Pierre Dardot

Los autores muestran por qué este principio se impone hoy día como el término central de la alternativa política para el siglo XXI: anuda la lucha anticapitalista y la ecología política mediante su reivindicación de los “comunes” contra las nuevas formas de apropiación privada y estatal. Además, articula las luchas prácticas con las investigaciones sobre el gobierno colectivo de los recursos naturales o de la información y designa formas democráticas nuevas que aspiran a tomar el relevo de la representación política y del monopolio de los partidos. Esta emergencia de lo común en la acción reclama un trabajo de clarificación en el pensamiento. El sentido actual de lo común se distingue de los numerosos usos que se ha dado a esta noción, ya sean filosóficos, jurídicos o teológicos: bien supremo de la ciudad, universalidad de esencia, propiedad inherente a ciertas cosas, incluso alguna vez el fin perseguido por la creación divina. Pero hay otro hilo que vincula lo común, no a la esencia de los hombres o a la naturaleza de las cosas, sino a la actividad de los hombres mismos: sólo una práctica de puesta en conjunto puede decidir qué es “común”, reservar ciertas cosas al uso común, producir determinadas reglas capaces de obligar a los hombres. En este sentido, lo común reclama una nueva institución de la sociedad por ella misma: una revolución.

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Page Count

625

Publisher

Editorial GEDISA

Published Date

ISBN 10

8497848810

ISBN 13

9788497848817

States and Collective Action

The European Experience

By: Pierre Birnbaum

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States and Collective Action

The European Experience

By: Pierre Birnbaum

An analysis of the influence of each type of state upon the development of various collective action and mobilization processes. The author aims to establish the crucial importance of the state as a quasi-independent variable.

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252

Publisher

Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

052132548X

ISBN 13

9780521325486

The War That Must Not Occur

By: Jean-Pierre Dupuy

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The War That Must Not Occur

By: Jean-Pierre Dupuy

The possibility of a nuclear war that could destroy civilization has influenced the course of international affairs since 1945, suspended like a sword of Damocles above the heads of the world's leaders. The fact that we have escaped a third world war involving strategic nuclear weapons—indeed, that no atomic weapon of limited power has yet been used under battlefield conditions—seems nothing short of a miracle. Revisiting debates on the effectiveness and ethics of nuclear deterrence, Jean-Pierre Dupuy is led to reformulate some of the most difficult questions in philosophy. He develops a counterintuitive but powerful theory of apocalyptic prophecy: once a major catastrophe appears to be possible, one must assume that it will in fact occur. Dupuy shows that the contradictions and paradoxes riddling discussions of deterrence arise from the tension between two opposite conceptions of time: one in which the future depends on decisions and strategy, and another in which every occurring event is one that could not have failed to occur. Considering the immense destructive power of nuclear warheads and the almost unimaginable ruin they are bound to cause, Dupuy reaches a provocative conclusion: whether they bring about good or evil does not depend on the present or future intentions of those who are in a position to use them. The mere possession of nuclear weapons is a moral abomination.

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209

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Stanford University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1503636658

ISBN 13

9781503636651

The Interest in Disinterestedness

Lectures at the College de France 1987-1989

By: Pierre Bourdieu

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The Interest in Disinterestedness

Lectures at the College de France 1987-1989

By: Pierre Bourdieu

A key feature of those who work for the state, in the legal system and in public services is that they claim to be putting their own personal interests aside and working in a disinterested fashion, for the public good. But is disinterested behaviour possible? Can law be treated as a set of universal rules that are independent of particular interests, or is this mere ideology? Is the state bureaucracy a universal class, as Hegel thought, or a structure that serves the interests of the dominant class, as Marx claimed? In his lecture courses at the Collège de France in 1987–88 and 1988–89, Pierre Bourdieu addressed these questions by examining the formation of the legal and bureaucratic fields characteristic of the modern state, uncovering the historical and social conditions that enable a social group to form and find its own interests in the very fact of serving interests that go beyond it. For a disinterested universe to emerge, it needs both the invention of a public service, or a spirit of service to the public cause, and the creation of a social universe in which individuals can pursue a career devoted to public service and be rewarded for it. In other words, it requires a process of specialization whereby autonomous, specific fields become established in the social cosmos within which a special kind of game that follows the rules of disinterest can be played out. By reconstructing the conditions under which an interest in disinterestedness emerged, Bourdieu sheds new light on the formation of the modern state and legal system and provides a fresh perspective on the many professions in modern societies that are oriented towards the service of the common good.

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257

Publisher

John Wiley & Sons

Published Date

ISBN 10

1509555137

ISBN 13

9781509555130

High Performance Concrete

By: Pierre-Claude Aïtcin

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High Performance Concrete

By: Pierre-Claude Aïtcin

A complete review of the fast-developing topic of high performance concrete (HPC) by one of the leading researchers in the field. It covers all aspects of HPC from materials, properties and technology, to construction and testing. The book will be valuable for all concrete technologists and construction engineers wishing to take advantage of the re

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