In the early days of photography, many believed and hoped that the camera would prove more efficient than the human eye in capturing the unseen. Spiritualists and animists of the nineteenth century seized on the new technology as a method of substantiating the existence of supernatural beings and happenings. This fascinating book assembles more than 250 photographic images from the Victorian era to the 1960s, each purporting to document an occult phenomenon: levitations, apparitions, transfigurations, ectoplasms, spectres, ghosts, and auras. Drawn from the archives of European and American occult societies and private and public collections, the photographs in many cases have never before been published. The Perfect Medium studies these rare and remarkable photographs through cultural, historical, and artistic lenses. More than mere curiosities, the images on film are important records of the cultural forces and technical methods that brought about their production. They document in unexpected ways a period when developing photographic technology merged with a popular obsession with the occult to create a new genre of haunting experimental photographs.
Describes various aspects of life in Europe during the eighteenth century including new discoveries and inventions, social structure, education, religion, government, entertainments, and industry and trade.
Alexander I was a ruler with high aspirations for the people of Russia. Cosseted as a young grand duke by Catherine the Great, he ascended to the throne in 1801 after the brutal assassination of his father. In this magisterial biography, Marie-Pierre Rey illuminates the complex forces that shaped Alexander's tumultuous reign and sheds brilliant new light on the handsome ruler known to his people as "the Sphinx." Despite an early and ambitious commitment to sweeping political reforms, Alexander saw his liberal aspirations overwhelmed by civil unrest in his own country and by costly confrontations with Napoleon, which culminated in the French invasion of Russia and the burning of Moscow in 1812. Eventually, Alexander turned back Napoleon's forces and entered Paris a victor two years later, but by then he had already grown weary of military glory. As the years passed, the tsar who defeated Napoleon would become increasingly preoccupied with his own spiritual salvation, an obsession that led him to pursue a rapprochement between the Orthodox and Roman churches. When in exile, Napoleon once remarked of his Russian rival: "He could go far. If I die here, he will be my true heir in Europe." It was not to be. Napoleon died on Saint Helena and Alexander succumbed to typhus four years later at the age of forty-eight. But in this richly nuanced portrait, Rey breathes new life into the tsar who stood at the center of the political chessboard of early nineteenth-century Europe, a key figure at the heart of diplomacy, war, and international intrigue during that region's most tumultuous years.
Text and illustrations describe the day-to-day life and political, military, economic, and cultural events in Europe in the middle of the nineteenth century.
Le 18 février 1993, notre fils Patrick disparaissait des suites d'un cancer. Son sourire éclatant, sa courtoisie, sa gentillesse et son professionnalisme, avaient conquis un très grand public. Il était l'image du bonheur et le sens de notre vie. Pour que tous ceux qui l'ont aimé, puissent le retrouver dans sa vérité, et pour remercier tous les inconnus qui ne cessent de se manifester, nous racontons, dans ce livre, son enfance, son adolescence, son ascension professionnelle, de ses débuts à RMC à ses succès sur TF1." Colette et Pierre Boyard (les parents de Patrick Roy versent la totalité de leurs droits d'auteur à la Fondation Patrick Roy gérée par l'ARC, Association pour la recherche sur le cancer).
To develop innovations in quantum engineering and nanosystems, designers need to adopt the expertise that has been developed in research laboratories. This requires a thorough understanding of the experimental measurement techniques and theoretical models, based on the principles of quantum mechanics. This book presents experimental methods enabling the development and characterization of materials at the nanometer scale, based on practical engineering cases, such as 5G and the interference of polarized light when applied for electromagnetic waves. Using the example of electromechanical, multi-physical coupling in piezoelectric systems, smart materials technology is discussed, with an emphasis on scale reduction and mechanical engineering applications. Statistical analysis methods are presented in terms of their usefulness in systems engineering for experimentation, characterization or design, since safety factors and the most advanced reliability calculation techniques are included from the outset. This book provides valuable support for teachers and researchers but is also intended for engineering students, working engineers and Masters students.
Nanoscience, nanotechnologies and the laws of quantum physics are sources of disruptive innovation that open up new fields of application. Quantum engineering enables the development of very sensitive materials, sensor measurement systems and computers. Quantum computing, which is based on two-level systems, makes it possible to manufacture computers with high computational power. This book provides essential knowledge and culminates with an industrial application of quantum engineering and nanotechnologies. It presents optical systems for measuring at the nanoscale, as well as quantum physics models that describe how a two-state system interacts with its environment. The concept of spin and its derivation from the Dirac equation is also explored, while theoretical foundations and example applications aid in understanding how a quantum gate works. Application of the reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) method of mechanical structures is implemented, in order to ensure reliability of estimates from the measurement of mechanical properties of carbon nanotube structures. This book provides valuable support for teachers and researchers but is also intended for engineering students, working engineers and Masters students.
This is the second edition of the definitive analysis of the international wine trade. This new edition focuses on individual trade flows across the major importing and exporting countries, examines the increasing role of food retailers in wine selling and looks for the future trends which will shape the industry in the new millennium.The book begins by examining technical factors in the wine trade giving rise to differences in pricing and considers how wines' characteristics help to position the final products. It shows how trends in consumption are changing in different ways in the traditional and Anglo-Saxon markets and explains the effects of developments in international trade such as the role of trade barriers.The heart of the book profiles the ten major wine importing countries and considers: - Trends in the consumption of alcoholic drinks - Wine market and import patterns - The configuration of import and distribution channels - Each country's trade policy with detailed comparisons between themThe book then goes on to consider the wine trade from the exporters point of view and describes: - The challenge posed by New World producers to those based in Western Europe - The influence of the previously planned economies of the former Soviet bloc - The role of the EU and the likely effect of further European integration - The influence of tariff schedules and the GATT negotiationsThis edition will be essential reading for all wine trade professionals including: wine producers, importers and exporters, negocients, co-operatives and regional economic development agencies, and wine merchants and retailers.
The origins of the large estate of Carolingian Europe and the role it played in the evolution of Frankish society and economy are the themes of this volume. The first group of articles focus on documentary evidence, especially the polyptychs and their interpretation. Though there is insufficient material for any true quantitive history, Professor Devroey argues that the evidence points to demographic expansion, coupled with the exploitation of new agricultural methods and crops, and a reliance on the family as the unit of production. Further studies relate these estates to the commercial networks of the area, from a local to an international level. A final concern is to demonstrate that the large estate formed a key component of the Carolingian rulers’ aim to establish the ’bonum commune’ and a stable society, with assured food supplies, regulated markets and a just system of weights and measures. L’origine du grand domaine de l’Europe carolingienne et le rôle qu’il jouait dans l’évolution de la société et de l’économie du monde franc sont les thèmes de ce volume. Le premier groupe d’articles se concentre sur des documents et plus spécialement sur les polyptyques et leur interprétation. Bien qu’il n’y ait pas de matériel suffisant pour une histoire quantitative, le professeur Devroey soutient que tout indique une expansion démographie, à laquelle viennent s’ajouter l’exploitation de nouvelles méthodes agricoles et de récoltes, ainsi qu’une dépendance vis-à-vis de la famille en tant qu’unité de production. Des études supplémentaires font le lien entre ces propriétés et les réseaux commerciaux de cette partie du monde, du niveau local au niveau international. L’auteur s’efforce finalement de démontrer que le grand domaine était un des facteurs à la base de la volonté des dirigeants carolingiens d’instaurer le ’bonum commune’ et une société stable avec des approvisionnements assurés, des march
This book describes the methods used to detect material defects at the nanoscale. The authors present different theories, polarization states and interactions of light with matter, in particular optical techniques using polarized light. Combining experimental techniques of polarized light analysis with techniques based on theoretical or statistical models to study faults or buried interfaces of mechatronic systems, the authors define the range of validity of measurements of carbon nanotube properties. The combination of theory and pratical methods presented throughout this book provide the reader with an insight into the current understanding of physicochemical processes affecting the properties of materials at the nanoscale.
Cette oeuvre collective de traduction propose de rencontrer les plus célèbres poètes d'Europe représentatifs de sept pays :Allemagne, Angleterre, Espagne,Irlande, Italie,Portugal,Roumanie.Trente et un poètes sur plusieurs siècles, représentant 60 poèmes, sont ici traduits en français, parfois versifiés en français, et présentés par une courte biographie de l'auteur : l'occasion pour les francophones de faire connaissance avec ces grandes figures de notre patrimoine européen .
Depuis vingt ans, chaque été, Fort Boyard rassemble les familles devant le petit écran. Née d'une idée de Jacques Antoine et Jean-Pierre Mitrecey qui souhaitaient, en pleine vogue des jeux de rôles, créer un jeu télé qui soit une aventure fantastique grandeur nature, avec des pirates, des énigmes et de l'action, l'émission est devenue l'un des jeux TV les plus populaires au monde, avec de nombreuses adaptations dans plusieurs langues. Dans ce livre, Jean-Pierre Mitrecey raconte la genèse de l'émission — l'achat du fort, les défis techniques, la création des épreuves —, mais surtout vingt années de souvenirs étonnants. Moments de tension, frayeurs, fous rires, dérapages, toutes les coulisses de ces vingt ans d'émission vous sont révélées par le co-créateur du jeu, les animateurs et les acteurs du fort.
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