Phyllis Illari's Books

Causality

Philosophical Theory meets Scientific Practice

By: Phyllis Illari,Federica Russo

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Causality

Philosophical Theory meets Scientific Practice

By: Phyllis Illari,Federica Russo

Head hits cause brain damage - but not always. Should we ban sport to protect athletes? Exposure to electromagnetic fields is strongly associated with cancer development - does that mean exposure causes cancer? Should we encourage old fashioned communication instead of mobile phones to reduce cancer rates? According to popular wisdom, the Mediterranean diet keeps you healthy. Is this belief scientifically sound? Should public health bodies encourage consumption of fresh fruit and vegetables? Severe financial constraints on research and public policy, media pressure, and public anxiety make such questions of immense current concern not just to philosophers but to scientists, governments, public bodies, and the general public. In the last decade there has been an explosion of theorizing about causality in philosophy, and also in the sciences. This literature is both fascinating and important, but it is involved and highly technical. This makes it inaccessible to many who would like to use it, philosophers and scientists alike. This book is an introduction to philosophy of causality - one that is highly accessible: to scientists unacquainted with philosophy, to philosophers unacquainted with science, and to anyone else lost in the labyrinth of philosophical theories of causality. It presents key philosophical accounts, concepts and methods, using examples from the sciences to show how to apply philosophical debates to scientific problems.

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Page Count

325

Publisher

OUP Oxford

Published Date

ISBN 10

0191639672

ISBN 13

9780191639678

Evaluating Evidence of Mechanisms in Medicine

Principles and Procedures

By: Veli-Pekka Parkkinen,Christian Wallmann,Michael Wilde,Brendan Clarke,Phyllis Illari,Michael P Kelly,Charles Norell,Federica Russo,Beth Shaw,Jon Williamson

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Evaluating Evidence of Mechanisms in Medicine

Principles and Procedures

By: Veli-Pekka Parkkinen,Christian Wallmann,Michael Wilde,Brendan Clarke,Phyllis Illari,Michael P Kelly,Charles Norell,Federica Russo,Beth Shaw,Jon Williamson

This book is open access under a CC BY license. This book is the first to develop explicit methods for evaluating evidence of mechanisms in the field of medicine. It explains why it can be important to make this evidence explicit, and describes how to take such evidence into account in the evidence appraisal process. In addition, it develops procedures for seeking evidence of mechanisms, for evaluating evidence of mechanisms, and for combining this evaluation with evidence of association in order to yield an overall assessment of effectiveness. Evidence-based medicine seeks to achieve improved health outcomes by making evidence explicit and by developing explicit methods for evaluating it. To date, evidence-based medicine has largely focused on evidence of association produced by clinical studies. As such, it has tended to overlook evidence of pathophysiological mechanisms and evidence of the mechanisms of action of interventions. The book offers a useful guide for all those whose work involves evaluating evidence in the health sciences, including those who need to determine the effectiveness of health interventions and those who need to ascertain the effects of environmental exposures.

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