In 1663, the Puritan missionary John Eliot, with the help of a Nipmuck convert whom the English called James Printer, produced the first Bible printed in North America. It was printed not in English but in Algonquian, making it one of the first books printed in a Native language. In this ambitious and multidisciplinary work, Phillip Round examines the relationship between Native Americans and printed books over a two-hundred-year period, uncovering the individual, communal, regional, and political contexts for Native peoples' use of the printed word. From the northeastern woodlands to the Great Plains, Round argues, alphabetic literacy and printed books mattered greatly in the emergent, transitional cultural formations of indigenous nations threatened by European imperialism. Removable Type showcases the varied ways that Native peoples produced and utilized printed texts over time, approaching them as both opportunity and threat. Surveying this rich history, Round addresses such issues as the role of white missionaries and Christian texts in the dissemination of print culture in Indian Country, the establishment of "national" publishing houses by tribes, the production and consumption of bilingual texts, the importance of copyright in establishing Native intellectual sovereignty (and the sometimes corrosive effects of reprinting thereon), and the significance of illustrations.
The stories written in and about the Imperial Valley, both romantic and real, are the subject of this unique comparative study of both literature and the land.
Before European settlers arrived in North America, more than 300 distinct languages were being spoken among the continent's Indigenous peoples. But the Euro-American emphasis on alphabetic literacy has historically hidden the power and influence of Indigenous verbal and nonverbal language diversity on encounters between Indigenous North Americans and settlers. In this pathbreaking work, Phillip H. Round reveals how Native North Americans sparked a communications revolution in their adaptation and resistance to settlers' modes of speaking and writing. Round especially focuses on communication through inscription—the physical act of making a mark, the tools involved, and the social and cultural processes that render the mark legible. Using methods from history, literary studies, media studies, linguistics, and material culture studies, Round shows how Indigenous graphic practices embodied Native epistemologies while fostering linguistic innovation. Round's broad theory of graphogenesis—creating meaningful inscription—leads to new insights for both the past and present of Indigenous expression in a range of forms. Readers will find powerful new insights into Indigenous languages and linguistic practices, with important implications not just for scholars but for those working to support ongoing Native American self-determination.
In 1663, the Puritan missionary John Eliot, with the help of a Nipmuck convert whom the English called James Printer, produced the first Bible printed in North America. It was printed not in English but in Algonquian, making it one of the first books printed in a Native language. In this ambitious and multidisciplinary work, Phillip Round examines the relationship between Native Americans and printed books over a two-hundred-year period, uncovering the individual, communal, regional, and political contexts for Native peoples' use of the printed word. From the northeastern woodlands to the Great Plains, Round argues, alphabetic literacy and printed books mattered greatly in the emergent, transitional cultural formations of indigenous nations threatened by European imperialism. Removable Type showcases the varied ways that Native peoples produced and utilized printed texts over time, approaching them as both opportunity and threat. Surveying this rich history, Round addresses such issues as the role of white missionaries and Christian texts in the dissemination of print culture in Indian Country, the establishment of "national" publishing houses by tribes, the production and consumption of bilingual texts, the importance of copyright in establishing Native intellectual sovereignty (and the sometimes corrosive effects of reprinting thereon), and the significance of illustrations.
The author asks if you know anyone or yourself who was diagnosed with breast cancer? If so, even if they made it the journey probably wasn't one they or you would want to repeat. What if it were possible to diagnose breast cancer at an ultra-small stage before it had a chance to spread (The lavender Way). What if you could treat breast cancer successfully in an office setting (Lavender Procedure) in twenty minutes without a single stitch and resume normal activity immediately? What if that doctor had cancer-free survivors going on seven years out, is that a story you want to know about? This book was written by a dedicated and pioneering breast cancer surgeon/researcher. His mantra is to preserve the mind, body, and spirit of the women who have come to him from all over the world. He is the author of America's first large-scale breast cancer prevention clinical trial using the drug Tamoxifen. It chronicles his life's story from his earliest memories of growing up in the 1950s in Chicago to his modeling career, to wrestling a bear a county fair, to his high school and college stories, then on to medical school and surgical residency, and finally his years at Eisenhower Memorial Hospital including operating on First Lady Betty Ford and opening up the first comprehensive breast in the Coachella Valley. His research efforts have taken him to the erstwhile Soviet Union, Cherbonyl, Beijing, and a host of other countries where he has been asked to speak. This book is entitled Sacrificing America's Women Part 1 because there is an answer to breast cancer that is being summarily dismissed by an establishment that refuses change and wants to perpetuate the slash, poison. burn approach as some people say. He served as a principal speaker on President Bushe's Breast Cancer Panel and served three years as a civilian aboard the Marine Air Ground Combat Center at 29 Palms, CA, was awarded the Carnegie Medal for an outstanding act of heroism, and ran for Congress against Sony Bono. He has been recognized for excellence by people at FLIR and awarded two medals of excellence by the then-commanding general of the 335th Medical Brigade of the Army. He was interviewed by CNN for his groundbreaking efforts at breast cancer prevention, holds a Principal Investigator number with the NCI, he testified for the State of California in the proceedings about Tamoxifen and has given a TED-TALK. Yet through all this effort to help the world's women, he was placed on probation by the Medical Board for finding him negligent. It was/is disappointingly enigmatic where he is prohibited from carrying out the procedure he helped pioneer and that thus far has saved bodies and lives. He wants to present his case in the court of public opinion to see if the women of this land after reading about his quest believe justice was carried out or not. Did anyone ever ask how the patients were doing treated the Lavender Way/Procedure using all FDA approved modalities? Sacrificing America's Women Part 2 is the story of how he came up with the idea of using Tamoxifen in a large-scale clinical trial and his visits to the erstwhile USSR and Chernobyl, the White House, and Congressional hearings. it's a story that made him feel like James Bond and Huck Finn. Oh by the way his idea of using Tamoxifen for prevention was summarily dismissed by many noted researchers. The Government spent 68 million based on his idea and Tamoxifen became the first drug to be FDA approved for breast cancer prevention. It lowers the risk by 50%. At least he got something right to help untold thousands of women around the world to prevent breast cancer. It's a story of how your tax dollars are really spent and how disruptive ideas/people are dealt with.
The stories written in and about the Imperial Valley, both romantic and real, are the subject of this unique comparative study of both literature and the land.
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