The first major exhibition catalogue to focus on Jacques Louis David's drawings and their pivotal role in the creation of his iconic history paintings The paintings of Jacques Louis David (1748–1825) are among the most iconic in the history of Western art, but comparatively little is known about his nearly two thousand drawings that formed the basis of beloved masterpieces such as The Oath of the Horatii and The Death of Socrates. Jacques Louis David: Radical Draftsman accompanies the first major exhibition to focus on the artist's often yearslong process of trial and experimentation, from initial idea to finished canvas. Including several recently discovered drawings published here for the first time, this volume provides a new perspective on the celebrated master. Essays by international experts explore what David's preparatory works on paper reveal about his creative process and how they bear witness to the tumultuous years before, during, and after the French Revolution. As both a participant and an observer, David helped establish the new French society while documenting the drama, violence, and triumphs of modern history in the making.
The term 'Popular Music' has traditionally denoted different things in France and Britain. In France, the very concept of 'popular' music has been fiercely debated and contested, whereas in Britain and more largely throughout what the French describe as the 'Anglo-saxon' world 'popular music' has been more readily accepted as a description of what people do as leisure or consume as part of the music industry, and as something that academics are legitimately entitled to study. French researchers have for some decades been keenly interested in reading British and American studies of popular culture and popular music and have often imported key concepts and methodologies into their own work on French music, but apart from the widespread use of elements of 'French theory' in British and American research, the 'Anglo-saxon' world has remained largely ignorant of particular traditions of the study of popular music in France and specific theoretical debates or organizational principles of the making and consuming of French musics. French, British and American research into popular music has thus coexisted - with considerable cross-fertilization - for many years, but the barriers of language and different academic traditions have made it hard for French and anglophone researchers to fully appreciate the ways in which popular music has developed in their respective countries and the perspectives on its study adopted by their colleagues. This volume provides a comparative and contrastive perspective on popular music and its study in France and the UK.
In the summer and fall of 1964, a massacre took place in the small town of Jérémie, Haiti. After an ill-fated uprising, the brutal regime of François “Papa Doc” Duvalier ordered reprisals against the town that some of the insurgents were allegedly from. Entire families—all from the town’s upper class—were slaughtered. Through a rich historical ethnography of the massacre, Jean-Philippe Belleau offers a new account of the workings of the Duvalier regime and an innovative analysis of anti-elite violence. Killing the Elites meticulously reconstructs the various phases of the massacre, identifying the victims and perpetrators, tracing the social ties that linked them, and examining the varying degrees of culpability from the state to bystanders. Although Duvalier and the military were responsible, the killings were attributed to popular social grievances. Examining how the Haitian state has brutalized the upper classes, Belleau develops a new theory of anti-elite violence. He challenges views that ideology or social difference can readily drive people to kill their neighbors and that the upper classes fall victim to popular rough justice, showing that social bonds within the town prevented organized violence from spreading. The state, Belleau underscores, is the primary perpetrator of violence against elites. Drawing on interviews with eyewitnesses and former regime members as well as a wide range of unexplored primary sources, this book provides a new lens on Haiti under Duvalier and reveals why the victimization of the elite is essential to mass violence.
Biological functions are almost exclusively attributed to macromolecules, i.e. nucleic acids, proteins and polysaccharides. To gain their complete functional activities these biomolecules have to associate with the nuclear matrix, the cytoskeleton and the cell/plasma membranes. It is the aim of this series to discuss actual aspects in the field of structure-associated genetic and epigenetic functional processes. This series of survey reviews fills the gap in structure-associated information flow, and is a vital reference work for scientists in molecular and cell biology.
Valuable insights into the extraction, production, and properties of a large number of natural and synthetic oxides utilized in applications worldwide from ceramics, electronic components, and coatings This handbook describes each of the major oxides chronologically—starting from the processes of extraction of ores containing oxides, their purification and transformations into pure alloyed powders, and their appropriate characterization up to the processes of formation of 2D films by such methods as PVD, CVD, and coatings by thermal spraying or complicated 3D objects by sintering and rapid prototyping. The selection of oxides has been guided by the current context of industrial applications. An important point that is considered in the book concerns the strategic aspects of oxides. Some oxides (e.g. rare earth ones) become more expensive due to the growing demand for them, others, because of the strategic importance of countries producing raw materials and the countries that are using them. Industrial Chemistry of Oxides for Emerging Applications provides readers with everything they need to know in 7 chapters that cover: technical and economical importance of oxides in present and future; fundamentals of oxides manufacturing; extraction, properties, and applications of Al2O3; extraction, properties, and applications of ZrO2; synthesis, properties, and applications of YBaCu2O7x; extraction, properties, and applications of TiO2; and synthesis, properties, and application of hydroxyapatite. Presents the extraction, production, and properties of a large fraction of oxides applications worldwide, both natural as well as synthetic multi‐oxides Covers a very important segment of many industrial processes, such as refractories and piezoelectric oxides—both applications constituting very large market segments Developed from a lecture course given by the authors for over a decade Industrial Chemistry of Oxides for Emerging Applications is an excellent text for university professors and teachers, and graduate and postgraduate students with a solid background in physics and chemistry.
This book examines the well-posedness theory for nonlinear hyperbolic systems of conservation laws, recently completed by the author together with his collaborators. It covers the existence, uniqueness, and continuous dependence of classical entropy solutions. It also introduces the reader to the developing theory of nonclassical (undercompressive) entropy solutions. The systems of partial differential equations under consideration arise in many areas of continuum physics.
In this ambitious book, Girard employs the latest tools of the historian's craft, multi-archival research in particular, and applies them to the climactic yet poorly understood last years of the Haitian Revolution. Haiti lost most of its archives to neglect and theft, but a substantial number of documents survive in French, U.S., British, and Spanish collections, both public and private. In all, this book relies on contemporary military, commercial, and administrative sources drawn from nineteen archives and research libraries on both sides of the Atlantic.
Mathematical epidemiology of infectious diseases usually involves describing the flow of individuals between mutually exclusive infection states. One of the key parameters describing the transition from the susceptible to the infected class is the hazard of infection, often referred to as the force of infection. The force of infection reflects the degree of contact with potential for transmission between infected and susceptible individuals. The mathematical relation between the force of infection and effective contact patterns is generally assumed to be subjected to the mass action principle, which yields the necessary information to estimate the basic reproduction number, another key parameter in infectious disease epidemiology. It is within this context that the Center for Statistics (CenStat, I-Biostat, Hasselt University) and the Centre for the Evaluation of Vaccination and the Centre for Health Economic Research and Modelling Infectious Diseases (CEV, CHERMID, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp) have collaborated over the past 15 years. This book demonstrates the past and current research activities of these institutes and can be considered to be a milestone in this collaboration. This book is focused on the application of modern statistical methods and models to estimate infectious disease parameters. We want to provide the readers with software guidance, such as R packages, and with data, as far as they can be made publicly available.
Cinema has been long associated with France, dating back to 1895, when Louis and Auguste Lumi_re screened their works, the first public viewing of films anywhere. Early silent pioneers Georges MZli_s, Alice Guy BlachZ and others followed in the footsteps of the Lumi_re brothers and the tradition of important filmmaking continued throughout the 20th century and beyond. In Encyclopedia of French Film Directors, Philippe Rège identifies every French director who has made at least one feature film since 1895. From undisputed masters to obscure one-timers, nearly 3,000 directors are cited here, including at least 200 filmmakers not mentioned in similar books published in France. Each director's entry contains a brief biographical summary, including dates and places of birth and death; information on the individual's education and professional training; and other pertinent details, such as real names (when the filmmaker uses a pseudonym). The entries also provide complete filmographies, including credits for feature films, shorts, documentaries, and television work. Some of the most important names in the history of film can be found in this encyclopedia, from masters of the Golden Age_Jean Renoir and RenZ Clair_to French New Wave artists such as Fran_ois Truffaut and Jean-Luc Godard.
Confronted with the major crisis that struck the world economy at the end of the first decade of the twenty-first century, analysts, researches, and political leaders studied past experiences to avoid repeating errors of diagnosis, recommendation, or action. The disatrous experience of the Great Depression of the 1930's, which caused and social misery, messive unemployment, protectionism forms of nationalism, and led to a world war whose devastating effects were pushed to an extreme, remained in mind.
The Vaillant family is struggling to pick itself back up following the loss of Jean-Pierre. For his part, Michel is determined to return Vaillante racing to its former glory. But when he is unexpectedly given the chance to enter the upcoming French Grand Prix with Renault, he hesitates. How could he possibly get back in shape, and learn an entirely new car, in just thirteen days? But it could be a golden opportunity for him, and Michel is not one to back down from a challenge. The clock is ticking, and the climb back to the top is steeper than ever. Can he regain the summit?
An “absolutely magnificent” book (The New Republic)—the fruit of almost two decades of study—that traces the changes in Western attitudes toward death and dying from the earliest Christian times to the present day. A truly landmark study, The Hour of Our Death reveals a pattern of gradually developing evolutionary stages in our perceptions of life in relation to death, each stage representing a virtual redefinition of human nature. Starting at the very foundations of Western culture, the eminent historian Phillipe Ariès shows how, from Graeco-Roman times through the first ten centuries of the Common Era, death was too common to be frightening; each life was quietly subordinated to the community, which paid its respects and then moved on. Ariès identifies the first major shift in attitude with the turn of the eleventh century when a sense of individuality began to rise and with it, profound consequences: death no longer meant merely the weakening of community, but rather the destruction of self. Hence the growing fear of the afterlife, new conceptions of the Last Judgment, and the first attempts (by Masses and other rituals) to guarantee a better life in the next world. In the 1500s attention shifted from the demise of the self to that of the loved one (as family supplants community), and by the nineteenth century death comes to be viewed as simply a staging post toward reunion in the hereafter. Finally, Ariès shows why death has become such an unendurable truth in our own century—how it has been nearly banished from our daily lives—and points out what may be done to “re-tame” this secret terror. The richness of Ariès's source material and investigative work is breathtaking. While exploring everything from churches, religious rituals, and graveyards (with their often macabre headstones and monuments), to wills and testaments, love letters, literature, paintings, diaries, town plans, crime and sanitation reports, and grave robbing complaints, Aries ranges across Europe to Russia on the one hand and to England and America on the other. As he sorts out the tangled mysteries of our accumulated terrors and beliefs, we come to understand the history—indeed the pathology—of our intellectual and psychological tensions in the face of death.
This book is the first scientific study of present-day French anti-Semitism. As from the beginning of the 21st century France has been witness to a renewal of anti-Semitism which owes as much to internal developments in French society as to global factors and in particular to the conflict in the Middle East.
Volume 1 covers the most important technological aspects of the use of molecular oxygen for catalytic oxidation reactions.Volume 2 addresses the safety issues associated with the use of oxygen in catalytic oxidation reactions.Contents Vol. 1: 1. Introduction. 2. Chemical-physical properties of molecular oxygen. 3. Oxygen production technologies. 4. Chemical fundamentals of oxidation reactions. 5. Reactor technologies for multiphase systems. 6. Liquid phase oxidations. 7. Gas phase selective oxidations. 8. Selective oxidation of paraffins. References. Index. Vol. 2: 9. Introduction to safety problems in the chemical industry. 10. Chemical aspects of combustion in the gaseous phase. 11. Homogeneous chemical explosions: autoignition or spontaneous ignition. 12. Deflagration or propagation of flame. 13. Conditions governing flame propagation capability. 14. Detonation in the gaseous phase. 15. Prevention of and protection against explosions. References. Index.
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