Throughout history, societies have established "others"--groups, often defined through differences of culture, race, gender, or class, that have been demonized by the majority. In this book, Philip Whitehead challenges the idea that such demonization is an inevitable fact of life. He lays out the historical criminalization of the other and looks closely at modern attempts to prevent it through changes to criminal justice systems, ultimately questioning whether such approaches can be effective at altering the conditions of existence that are responsible for the creation of the other.
Written by an established author in the field, this book explores the politics of modernisation and transformation of probation in the criminal justice system. It is unique in drawing upon innovative social theories and moral perspectives to analyse changes in the probation service by including data from quantitative and qualitative empirical research. This highlights the challenges to, but also support of, the platform of modernisation that culminated in the transformative Rehabilitation Revolution. Providing critical tools for the reader to use in their own work and studies, it makes a timely contribution to criminal justice and probation theory and uniquely provides insights into what representatives of other organisations think about probation – from the outside looking in.
Since 1997 the probation service, an integral component of criminal justice for over 100 years, has been subject to a politically-driven process of modernisation and cultural transformation. This innovative book explores this probation modernisation by using social theories associated with Durkheim, Weber, Marx and Foucault. The book combines this theoretical analysis with empirical research from interviews, which highlights challenges to, as well as support of, the politics of modernisation. This research is unique in providing insights into what representatives of other organisations think about probation - from the outside looking in.This up-to-date text will be essential reading for undergraduate and postgraduate students of probation, criminology, criminal and social justice and allied disciplines.
This book reconceptualises the concept of moral economy in its relevance for, and application to, the criminal justice system in England and Wales. It advances the argument that criminal justice cannot be reduced to an instrumentally driven operation to achieve fiscal efficiencies or provide investment opportunities to the commercial sector.
Tracing the development of initial teacher education since the large-scale expansion of the teaching profession after the Second World War to the present day, The Transformation of Initial Teacher Education explores the changing nature of teacher training. Examining the growth of the ‘teaching industry’, this book addresses key issues including: the return to an apprentice model the growing importance of schools in initial teacher training the continuing decline in the role played by higher education an examination of the broader socio-economic context of increased marketisiation a reconsideration of the international political factors driving the reform process; and interviews with prominent individuals who have been involved with the development of policy Considering the ideas and ideals that have permeated teacher education and how these have shaped the experiences of trainees on a variety of programmes across a broader international context, this book examines the future of teacher education and the changing nature of teaching, providing essential insight for trainee teachers, school staff and any academics involved in teacher education.
This book describes the theory and practice of the Hole-Drilling Method for measuring residual stresses in engineering components. Such measurements are important because residual stresses have a "hidden" character because they exist locked-in within a material, independent of any external load. These stresses are typically created during component manufacture, for example, during welding, casting, or forming. Because of their hidden nature, residual stresses are difficult to measure and consequently are often ignored. However, they directly add to loading stresses and can cause catastrophic failure if not properly included during engineering design. Thus, there is an urgent need to be able to identify and measure residual stresses conveniently and reliably. The Hole-Drilling Method provides an adaptable and well-proven method for measuring residual stresses in a wide range of materials and component types. It is convenient to use and gives reliable results. Because of the hidden nature of residual stresses, the measurement method must necessarily be indirect, thus, additional care and conceptual understanding are necessary to achieve successful results. This book provides a practical introduction to the Hole-Drilling Method, starting from its historical roots and going on to focus on its modern practice. The various chapters describe the nature of residual stresses, the principle of hole-drilling measurements, procedures and guidance on how to make successful measurements, and effective mathematical procedures for stress computation and analysis. The book is intended for practitioners who need to make residual stress measurements either occasionally or routinely, for practicing engineers, for researchers, and for graduate engineering and science students.
This exhaustive maritime reference gives the particulars of hundreds of the brethren of the sea in biographical form. A must for any Pirate enthusiast or arm-chair swashbuckler! Special introduction by Editor David W. Whitehead (Piratologist/Cryptoarchaeologist/Cryptozoologist), Author of "CryptoQuest Field Guide to Florida Pirates and their Buried Treasure." Pirates' Who's Who is a true classic from the CryptoQuest Reprint Series.
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