When we speak of theatre, we think we know what a stage direction is: we tend to think of it as an authorial requirement, devised to be complementary to the spoken text and directed at those who put on a play as to what, when, where, how or why a moment, action or its staging should be completed. This is the general understanding to condition a theatrical convention known as the 'stage direction'. As such, we recognise that the stage direction is directed towards actors, directors, designers, and any others who have a part to play in the practical realisation of the play. And perhaps we think that this has always been the case. However, the term 'stage direction' is not a medieval one, nor does an English medieval equivalent term exist to codify the functions contained in extraneous manuscript notes, requirements, directions or records. The medieval English stage direction does not generally function in this way: it mainly exists as an observed record of earlier performance. There are examples of other functions, but even they are not directed at players or those involved in creating performance. More than 2000 stage directions from 40 or so plays and cycles have been included in the catalogue of the volume, and over 400 of those have been selected for analysis throughout the work. The purpose of this research is to examine the theatrical functions of medieval English stage directions as records of earlier performance. Examples of such functions are largely taken from outdoor scriptural plays. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars in theatre, medieval history and literature.
Does God intervene in our lives? If so, why does God so often seem to ignore our prayers? There have been countless scholars throughout the ages who have attempted various answers to this most significant question. Thus, the issue isn't new, but as old as The Bible. It was certainly true for Job, and David perhaps said it best, "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? Why are you so far from saving me, so far from the words of my groaning?" Psalm 22:1. Yet, as Christians we believe God does intervene in our lives. We have faith. Is that faith based merely upon what we believe or is it also based upon experience? Certainly, the Bible provides countless examples of God's intervention on behalf of His people, those reported in Exodus being perhaps the most vivid. Then there is the ultimate intervention in human history, the redeeming sacrifice of God's only son, Jesus Christ. But the question still lingers, does God intervene in our lives today? Eternal Justice answers this question with a resounding, YES. It tells the stories of some of God's most lost souls and how they made their way back to Him through His direct intervention in their lives.
At this critical time of despair, divisiveness, systemic oppression, wealth disparity and poverty, global pandemic, climate crisis, and looming nuclear annihilation, readers searching for Jesus amidst these crises will (re)discover a loving, welcoming, compassionate, nonviolent God who wants us and our world healed. This book helps discern and employ those healing actions. Firmly rooted in the Ignatian spiritual practices of imaginative immersion into Jesus, Philip applies his professional teaching and learning perspectives to his late Jesuit brother's profound and inspiring scriptural meditations to provide a variety of effective, practical ways to develop a deeper, more engaging, and unifying discipleship. Readers are urged to consider the kingdom as Jesus reveals it, and to heed Pope Francis' revolutionary call to "make active nonviolence our way of life." Clergy and lay people will more deeply appreciate the essential ways in which Jesus' words and actions counter our kingdoms' ubiquitous employment of divisiveness, hatred, vengeance, and violence. Our book helps people act with greater certainty in creatively applying effective solutions to today's pressing problems, based upon Jesus' modeling of loving care and service to all people and creation.
A work which traces the development of US Government programmes designed to help migrant farm workers, showing how the programmes operate today and explaining why they are failing to remedy the problems they were designed to solve.
This book shows how bubonic plague and smallpox helped end the Hittite Empire, the Bronze Age in the Near East and later the Carthaginian Empire. The book will examine all the possible infectious diseases present in ancient times and show that life was a daily struggle for survival either avoiding or fighting against these infectious disease epidemics. The book will argue that infectious disease epidemics are a critical link in the chain of causation for the demise of most civilizations in the ancient world and that ancient historians should no longer ignore them, as is currently the case.
Winner of the 1983 National Book Award! "...a perfectly marvelous book about the Queen of Sciences, from which one will get a real feeling for what mathematicians do and who they are. The exposition is clear and full of wit and humor..." - The New Yorker (1983 National Book Award edition) Mathematics has been a human activity for thousands of years. Yet only a few people from the vast population of users are professional mathematicians, who create, teach, foster, and apply it in a variety of situations. The authors of this book believe that it should be possible for these professional mathematicians to explain to non-professionals what they do, what they say they are doing, and why the world should support them at it. They also believe that mathematics should be taught to non-mathematics majors in such a way as to instill an appreciation of the power and beauty of mathematics. Many people from around the world have told the authors that they have done precisely that with the first edition and they have encouraged publication of this revised edition complete with exercises for helping students to demonstrate their understanding. This edition of the book should find a new generation of general readers and students who would like to know what mathematics is all about. It will prove invaluable as a course text for a general mathematics appreciation course, one in which the student can combine an appreciation for the esthetics with some satisfying and revealing applications. The text is ideal for 1) a GE course for Liberal Arts students 2) a Capstone course for perspective teachers 3) a writing course for mathematics teachers. A wealth of customizable online course materials for the book can be obtained from Elena Anne Marchisotto (elena.marchisotto@csun.edu) upon request.
Drawing on comparative fieldwork in the UK, Pakistan and Australia, this book provides the first systematic assessment of pathways and access to CAM and how it is used in health practice and by individuals with cancer. Giving fresh and invaluable insights into how differing health and societal structures influence the use complementary and alternative medicine, the book explores: the empirical, theoretical, and policy context for the study of CAM/TM and cancer the history and character of the eight support groups in which fieldwork took place in the UK, Australia and Pakistan the nature and structure of patient support groups' history, affiliation and evolution how groups function on a day-to-day basis the extent to which what is being offered in these CAM-oriented groups is in any way innovative and challenging to the therapeutic and organisational mainstream the value of sociological work in the field which is not tied to immediate and narrow policy objectives. This is an essential resource for those studying complementary and alternative medicine sociologically, to those involved in the provision of cancer care on a day-to-day basis, and to those looking to establish a more informed (evidence-based) policy.
The impacts of the two variables of population and income growth on resources and the environment are transmitted through their effects on the demands for goods and services. To enrich our understanding of the impacts of population and income on consumer demand, Philip Musgrove, with the assistance of Adele Shapanka, undertook the research in this volume, which was first published in 1982. This book will be of interest to students of economics and environmental studies.
Exceptionally reader-friendly, extensively illustrated, and engagingly thought-provoking, this one-volume historical survey of the humanities is accessible -- and inviting -- to readers with little background in the arts and humanities. Carefully balanced among the major arts, philosophy, and religion and finely focused on selected principal events, styles, movements, and figures, it brings the past to life by including authentic documents from daily life, comparative global perspectives, and examples from literature, philosophy, music -- including the contributions of women and minority artists.
This book provides a complete and unified treatment of deterministic problems of dynamic optimization, from the classical themes of the calculus of variations to the forefront of modern research in optimal control. At the heart of the presentation is nonsmooth analysis, a theory of local approximation developed over the last twenty years to provide useful first-order information about sets and functions lying beyond the reach of classical analysis. The book includes an intuitive and geometrically transparent approach to nonsmooth analysis, serving not only to introduce the basic ideas, but also to illuminate the calculations and derivations in the applied sections dealing with the calculus of variations and optimal control. Written in a lively, engaging style and stocked with numerous figures and practice problems, this book offers an ideal introduction to this vigorous field of current research. It is suitable as a graduate text for a one-semester course in optimal control or as a manual for self-study. Each chapter closes with a list of references to ease the reader's transition from active learner to contributing researcher.
A fully revised and improved new edition of Philip's ultra-clear best-selling road atlas of Europe. The continental road network is shown at four different scales from 1:250,000 to 1:4,000,000, with ultra-clear detailed mapping for urban areas.Now with scenic routes highlighted, theme parks and World Heritage sites shown, and larger-scale mapping of Scandinavia, Greece and western Turkey.This atlas gives more for leisure travellers than any comparable product, plus a unique fact-finder giving key statistics, currency and recent events for each country. Up-to-date driving regulations, including speed limits, for every country in Europe Listings for ski resorts and top visitor attractions, country by country 15 pages of route-planning maps which enable journeys of over 1,200 miles to be planned without turning a page. 103 pages of clear, detailed road maps, with scenic routes highlighted and toll, toll-free and pre-pay motorways all clearly marked. 24 large-scale urban area maps for Europe's largest cities 41 city centre plans marking historic buildings and tourist attractions as well as car parks, head post offices and other facilities.Main map scale: 1: 1 000 000
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