For the last 30 years, polyphenols were in the centre of research work worldwide. Silymarin, an extract from a medicinal plant Silybum marianum, also known as milk thistle, has a special place in this group, having been used in human medicine for the management of liver diseases since ancient times. Accumulating scientific evidence indicates that silymarin is characterised by a wide range of protective pharmacological activities and this topic has received tremendous attention in recent years. However, until now there has been no single monograph addressing major questions related to silymarin chemistry, biochemistry and practical applications. The goal of this book is to provide up to date information about silymarin chemistry, biochemistry and molecular mechanisms of protective actions of this phytochemical with a special emphasis to its vitagene- and transcription factor-modulating properties. Silymarin applications in human diseases, including hepatoprotection, neuroprotection, anti-diabetic, anti-arthritis and other protective activities are reviewed. Immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, anti-toxic protective activities of silymarin are characterised in detail. Practical applications of silymarin in poultry and animal industry with a special emphasis on its protective roles in gut health maintenance are also presented. This book will be of practical importance to medical and pharmaceutical scientists, including medical doctors, pharmacists, consultants, etc. as well as to poultry/animal scientists, poultry producers, nutritionists and vets, as well as to students of medical, biological and agricultural backgrounds. It can also be of interest for researchers in areas related to physiology, biochemistry, nutrition and veterinary medicine.
Selenium (Se) is an essential dietary trace element participating in the regulation of various physiological functions in humans and farm animals through its incorporation into a range of selenoproteins. Low Se content in main feed ingredients is a common problem worldwide and dietary Se supplementation is a current practice in ruminant nutrition. Recent research clearly proved that sodium selenite, used for the last 50 years as a feed supplement, is not an optimal form of Se. However, use of organic selenium in dairy and beef diets can help meet Se requirement and maintain health/high immunocompetence, productive and reproductive performance. The goal of this book is to provide up-to-date information about the roles of Se in ruminant nutrition and health. A special emphasis is given to the role of selenium as an essential part of the integrated antioxidant system. The concept of using organic Se in ruminant nutrition is described in detail with emphasis on selenomethionine as a storage form of Se in the body. Also, specific Se deficiency-related disorders in ruminants are described and the importance of Se in growth, development, immunity and reproduction is demonstrated. Molecular mechanisms of protective effects of Se under stressful conditions of commercial milk and meat production are characterized. This book will be of practical importance to dairy and beef producers, to nutritionists and vets as well as for animal scientists, students of agricultural colleges and universities. It will also be of interest for researchers in areas related to environmental sciences, food sciences, physiology, etc.
This book provides information about selenium as an important part of integrated antioxidant systems in animal and human bodies responsible for maintaining health. It contains practical advice in relation to effective usage of selenium supplements, including optimal forms and doses. It also combines fundamental information on selenium biochemistry and metabolism. It also presents the most recent findings, unresolved puzzles and future directions for selenium research. In recent years, natural antioxidants have received tremendous attention in relation to human health and food quality. However, the scientific background of many health-promoting claims for natural antioxidants is not always understandable for the general public and needs further clarification. Furthermore, agricultural applications of antioxidants await further investigation.
A new edition of Peter and Rosemary Grant’s classic account of their groundbreaking forty-year study of Darwin’s finches 40 Years of Evolution is a landmark study of the finches first made famous by Charles Darwin, one that documents as never before the evolution of species through natural selection. In this now-legendary study, renowned evolutionary biologists Peter and Rosemary Grant draw on a vast and unparalleled range of ecological, behavioral, and genetic data to continuously measure changes in finch populations over a period of four decades on the small island of Daphne Major in the Galápagos archipelago. In the years since the book’s publication, the field of genomics has developed greatly. In this newly revised edition of 40 Years of Evolution, the Grants combine the results of their historic field study with genomic analyses of their primary findings, resolve unanswered questions from the field, and provide invaluable insights into the genetic basis of beak and body size variation and the history of this iconic adaptive radiation.
Victoria's reptiles are not often encountered by urban dwellers, with many species now threatened. You may have glimpsed a skink darting into the undergrowth, a snake slithering along a walking path or a blue-tongued lizard sunning itself near your garden shed. Yet the turtles, skinks, geckos, goannas, snakes and other reptiles that call Victoria home are fascinating and important members of urban and rural ecosystems. Reptiles of Victoria is the first regional guide to all reptiles known to occur in Victoria. It contains keys and illustrated descriptions to allow identification of the 123 native, introduced and vagrant reptile species and describes their biology, ecology, distributions and the habitats in which they live. It also indicates the level of risk that the venomous snakes pose to humans and includes a brief section on first aid for snake bites. Natural history enthusiasts and professional and amateur herpetologists will find this an essential guide.
The first textbook to present world history via social history, drawing on social science methods and research. This interdisciplinary, comprehensive and comparative textbook is authored by distinguished scholars and experienced teachers, and offers expert scholarship on global history that is ideal for undergraduate students. Volume 1 takes us from the origin of hominids to ancient civilizations, the rise of empires, and the Middle Ages. The book pays particular attention to the ways in which ordinary people lived through the great changes of their times, and how everyday experience connects to great political events and the commercial exchanges of an interconnected world. With 65 maps, 45 illustrations, timelines, boxes, and primary source extracts, the book moves students easily from particular historical incidents to broader perspectives, enabling them to use historical material and social science methodologies to analyze the events of the past, present and future.
Selenium (Se) is an essential dietary trace element participating in the regulation of various physiological functions in humans and farm animals through its incorporation into a range of selenoproteins. Low Se content in main feed ingredients is a common problem worldwide and dietary Se supplementation is a current practice in ruminant nutrition. Recent research clearly proved that sodium selenite, used for the last 50 years as a feed supplement, is not an optimal form of Se. However, use of organic selenium in dairy and beef diets can help meet Se requirement and maintain health/high immunocompetence, productive and reproductive performance. The goal of this book is to provide up-to-date information about the roles of Se in ruminant nutrition and health. A special emphasis is given to the role of selenium as an essential part of the integrated antioxidant system. The concept of using organic Se in ruminant nutrition is described in detail with emphasis on selenomethionine as a storage form of Se in the body. Also, specific Se deficiency-related disorders in ruminants are described and the importance of Se in growth, development, immunity and reproduction is demonstrated. Molecular mechanisms of protective effects of Se under stressful conditions of commercial milk and meat production are characterized. This book will be of practical importance to dairy and beef producers, to nutritionists and vets as well as for animal scientists, students of agricultural colleges and universities. It will also be of interest for researchers in areas related to environmental sciences, food sciences, physiology, etc.
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