This book is a complete guide to setting up an IVF laboratory. Beginning with an introduction to the history and the basics, the following chapters take clinicians through the full set up and management process, from air quality control and cryopreservation facilities, to morphological embryo assessment, sperm processing and selection techniques, to document management systems. A separate chapter provides an update on semen analysis based on World Health Organisation (WHO) standards and interpretation of results. Written by an extensive author and editor team from the UK, Europe and the USA, this practical manual is invaluable for embryologists and IVF specialists planning to set up and manage an IVF laboratory successfully. Key points Practical guide to setting up and managing an IVF laboratory Provides step by step process Includes chapter on semen analysis based on WHO standards and interpretation of results Extensive author and editor team from UK, Europe and USA
Laboratory work and ecological and operational considerations of using chemical dispersants as responses to oil spills, are updated by 11 papers from a symposium in Victoria, British Columbia, in October 1994. The topics tend to be narrower and deeper than those presented in previous symposia on the
This collection brings together some of the most significant and influential work by leading comparativist Peter Mair (1951–2011). The selection ranges from considerations on the relevance of concept formation to the study of party systems and party organisations; and from reflections on the democratic legitimacy of the European Union to the future of party democracy. Including frequently cited papers alongside lesser-known work, the writings collected in this volume attest to the broad scope and depth of Mair’s insights into comparative party politics, and the changing realities of party government. As such, they form an important and enduring contribution to the study of politics, and a fitting tribute to an inspirational and much-missed figure in the global political science community. Edited and introduced by Ingrid van Biezen, with an intellectual portrait of Peter Mair by Stefano Bartolini and Hans Daalder.
Chronic Gastritis and Hypochlorhydria in the Elderly provides the most current and comprehensive treatment of atrophic gastritis available. The latest theories on the pathogenesis of atrophic gastritis are examined, focusing on topics such as epidemiology and the relationship between atrophic gastritis and helicobacter pylori infection. The relationship among cell proliferation, differentiation, and gastric cancer is covered as well. The book also reviews new material on nutrient and drug bioavailability in atrophic gastritis. Chronic Gastritis and Hypochlorhydria in the Elderly will benefit gerontologists, gastroenterologists, and clinical microbiologists treating large numbers of elderly patients. It will also serve as a reference text for medical and nutritional students.
The gastrointestinal mucosal defense system serves to minimize mucosal injury by either ingested or endogenously produced noxious substances. The mucosal defense system is stratified into pre-epithelial (alkaline mucus), epithelial (dynamic epithelial lining), and post-epithelial (microcirculation) components. The mucus lining the epithelial surface presents a diffusional barrier to ingested material (e.g., lipids) and also serves as an unstirred layer in which a pH gradient can be established to prevent acid-induced injury. The epithelial lining prevents entrance of any toxic material to the interstitium and, should it be damaged, it is rapidly resealed by migration of adjacent viable epithelial cells to cover the defect. Any acid or other material that has entered the interstitium is washed out by an intense neurogenic hyperemia. In general, the mucosal defense system is quite effective and any adverse gastrointestinal effects associated with the normal course of nutrient assimilation are minimal. However, there are two situations in which the mucosal defense system is known to be ineffective and result in gastric mucosal injury: inadvertent ingestion of H. pylori. or intentional ingestion of NSAIDs. H. pylori can penetrate the mucus layers and cause epithelial injury and inflammation, while at the same time preventing its clearance by the host immune system. NSAIDs weaken the mucus layer and cause epithelial cell injury. Table of Contents: Acknowledgments / Introduction / The Mucus Layer / Epithelial Lining / Gastrointestinal Circulation / Integration of Mucosal Defense / Mucosal Defense System: Physiologic / Mucosal Defense System: H. pylori / Mucosal Defense System: Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS) / Overall Summary and Conclusions / References / Author Biographies
This highly readable yet challenging book provides a critical examination of the failings of mainstream economics and the resultant environmental problems we are facing. Most importantly, it articulates what an alternative economics for sustainability would look like in both theory and practice. The book provides a brief history of economics and looks at the intersection between politics and the often hidden values embedded in economics. Also covered are the roles of individuals and organizations, political structures and institutions, democracy, environmental decision-making, sustainability assessment and a vision of a future underpinned by sustainability economics. A main point raised is that, in any serious attempt to come to grips with unsustainable trends, fundamental issues such as the theory of science, the role of science in society, paradigms in economics, ideological orientations and institutional arrangements need to be critically examined. The theory is supported by case studies, explanatory figures, further reading sections and discussion questions to facilitate debate and learning.
Accounting and Financial Management: developments in the international hospitality industry presents new and innovative research and developments in the field of accounting and financial management as it relates to the work of managing enterprises and organisations in the international hospitality industry. The content contains contributions from a rich source of international researchers, academics and practitioners including, university and college lecturers, professional accountants and consultants and senior managers involved in a wide range of teaching, scholarship, research, and consultancy in the hospitality industry worldwide. The material is drawn from their work and experience and relates directly to the management of hospitality undertakings. Therefore the up to date case studies and examples used are taken from a wide ranging of companies across the industry including large international chains such as Sheraton, Holiday Inn, and Intercontinental. Divided into three parts: Performance Management, Information Management and Asset Management the book tackles the following issues amongst others: * Performance management in the international hospitality industry * Benchmarking: measuring financial success * The profit planning framework * Making room rate pricing decisions * Hotel asset management UK and US perspectives * Lowering risk to enhance hospitality firm value Accounting and Financial Management: developments in the international hospitality industry presents current developments drawn from a combination of live fieldwork and practical experience and therefore will content will appeal to a wide-ranging readership including practising managers and financial controllers in hospitality organisations, professional accountants and consultants, postgraduate candidates studying for master's degrees in hospitality management, and final year undergraduate students of hospitality management who elect to take an accounting option.
`Its strength lies in combining theoretical insights with an impressive range of empirical material. The analysis is subtle and multi-layered.... This is a timely and important book′ - Political Studies `Local governance have gained massive attention among scholars and practitioners during the past several years. Peter John′s book fills a void in the literature by tracing the historical roots of local governance and by placing his findings in a comparative perspective′ - Professor Jon Pierre, University of Gothenburg, Sweden `Peter John has produced a fascinating and stimulating book in which he assesses current developments in urban politics and local government in Europe and suggests how these changes are leading to different patterns of sub-national territorial politics in the EU today. What he has to say is of important interest to all students of local government; comparative politics and of territorial politics more generally′ - Michael Goldsmith, University of Salford `this book offers a fascinating comparative analysis... themes such as New Public Management, globalisation, regionalism and privatisation will be relevant to numerous courses in government, politics, public administration and public policy′ - West European Politics This text provides a comprehensive introduction to local government and urban politics in contemporary Western Europe. It is the first book to map and explain the change in local political systems and to place these in comparative context. The book introduces students to the traditional structures and institutions of local government and shows how these have been transformed in response to increased economic and political competition, new ideas, institutional reform and the Europeanization of public policy. At the book′s core is the perceived transition from local government to local governance. The book traces this key development thematically across a wide range of West European states including: Belgium, France, Greece, Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain and the United Kingdom.
This unique and important new book looks at how we interpret the evidence of change and stability in modern parties and party systems. Focusing primarily on processes of political adaptation and control, it also concerns how parties and party systems generate their own momentum and `freeze' themselves into place. Amidst the widespread contemporary discussion of the challenge to modern democracy and the crisis of traditional forms of political representation, it offers a welcome emphasis on how party systems survive, and on how change, when it does occur, may be analysed and understood. The first part of the book deals with questions of persistence and change, and with the vulnerability and endurance of traditional parties. In the second part, attention shifts to the question of party organization, and to the ways in which the established parties are increasingly coming to invade the state, finding there a new source of privilege and a new means of ensuring their own survival. The third part of the book focuses on structures of competition in Western party systems, as well as on the problems associated with the consolidation of the new party systems in post-communist Europe. This is the first book to be entirely devoted to the question of party and party system change, and offers and essential guide to the understanding of this crucial theme.
EPDF and EPUB are available open access under CC BY NC ND licence. This publication was supported by University of Essex's open access fund. Peter Appleton builds on research interviews with care-experienced young adults, and on cross-disciplinary theories of planning and of emotions, to develop a model of planning for young people leaving care.
Examining the global strategic energy issues raised by the use of nuclear power, this study argues that uncertainties about future electricity needs and constraints make the option of nuclear power a clear necessity. However, the author points out the problems posed by existing stockpiles of waste and plutonium, as well as the dismantling of old power stations, and states that a new generation of technologies must be produced to reduce these problems.
In the 20 years since the publication of the author’s multi-contributor volume on defoaming, a vast amount of new work has been published and many new insights have been revealed. A cohesive, single-authored book, The Science of Defoaming: Theory, Experiment and Applications provides comprehensive coverage of the topic. It describes the mode of action of antifoams, presenting the relevant theory and the supporting experimental evidence. Beginning with an introductory chapter that discusses the intrinsic properties of foam, the book then describes experimental methods for measuring foam properties important for studying antifoam action and techniques used in establishing the mode of action of antifoams. Since most commercially effective antifoams are oil based, a chapter is devoted to the entry and spreading behavior of oils and the role of thin film forces in determining that behavior. The book reviews the mode of action of antifoams, including theories of antifoam mechanisms and the role of bridging foam films by particles and oil drops. It also addresses issues related to the effect of antifoam concentration on foam formation by air entrainment and the process of deactivation of mixed oil–particle antifoams during dispersal and foam generation. For applications where chemical antifoam use is unacceptable, the text examines mechanical means of defoaming, such as the use of rotary devices and ultrasound. The final chapters consider the application of defoaming in radically different contexts including waterborne latex paints and varnishes, machine washing of textiles, gas–oil separation in crude oil production, and cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Focusing on the basic science of defoaming, this book presents a balanced view, which also addresses the challenges that may arise for these specific defoaming applications.
Coughlin provides the most comprehensive and integrated analysis of probabilistic voting models available, also developing further his important contributions. Probabilistic voting theory is the mathematical theory of candidate behavior in or in anticipation of elections in which candidates are unsure what voters' preferences will be on all or most issues, which is true of most governmental elections. The theory asks first whether optimal candidate strategies can be determined, given uncertainty about voter preferences, and if so, what exactly those strategies are, given various circumstances. It allows the theorist to predict what public policies will be supported and what laws passed by elected officials when in office and what positions will be taken by them when running in elections. One of the leading contributors to this rapidly developing literature, which is at the leading edge of public choice theory, Coughlin both reviews the existing literature and presents new results that unify and extend developments in the theory that have been scattered in the literature.
Globally, over the next 40 years, the number of people, aged 60 and over is set to grow by one and a quarter billion. More than 80 per cent of these people will be living in developing regions, such as Asia, Africa, and Latin America. What are the implications of this for the world? What will old age be like for these people? This book offers a general, critical review of the current state of knowledge on population ageing and older people in developing countries. It combines a wide range of perspectives from development studies, social gerontology, social policy, and demography into a single, original, and coherent book. It examines the neglected topic of ageing and international development alongside the experiences of older people. Population Ageing and International Development will be the main reference point for teaching and research in the field.
This volume of the series Handbook of Zoology deals with the anatomy of the gastrointestinal digestive tract – stomach, small intestine, caecum and colon – in all eutherian orders and suborders. It presents compilations of anatomical studies, as well as an extensive list of references, which makes widely dispersed literature accessible. Introductory sections to orders and suborders give notice to biology, taxonomy, biogeography and food of the respective taxon. It is a characteristic of this book that different sections of the post-oesophageal tract are discussed separately from each other. Informations on form and function of organs of digestion in eutherians are discussed under comparative-anatomical aspects. The variability and diversity of anatomical structures represents the basis of functional differentiations.
Completely updated edition, written by a close-knit author team Presents a unique approach to stroke - integrated clinical management that weaves together causation, presentation, diagnosis, management and rehabilitation Includes increased coverage of the statins due to clearer evidence of their effectiveness in preventing stroke Features important new evidence on the preventive effect of lowering blood pressure Contains a completely revised section on imaging Covers new advances in interventional radiology
Successfully fighting cancer starts with understanding how it begins. This thoroughly revised 3rd Edition explores the scientific basis for our current understanding of malignant transformation and the pathogenesis and treatment of cancer. A team of leading experts thoroughly explain the molecular biologic principles that underlie the diagnostic tests and therapeutic interventions now being used in clinical trials and practice. Incorporating cutting-edge advances and the newest research, the book provides thorough descriptions of everything from molecular abnormalities in common cancers to new approaches for cancer therapy. Features sweeping updates throughout, including molecular targets for the development of anti-cancer drugs, gene therapy, and vaccines...keeping you on the cutting edge of your specialty. Offers a new, more user-friendly full-color format so the information that you need is easier to find. Presents abundant figures-all redrawn in full color-illustrating major concepts for easier comprehension. Features numerous descriptions of the latest clinical strategies-helping you to understand and take advantage of today’s state-of-the-art biotechnology advances.
The question of whether Western party systems were becoming more unstable and electorates more volatile had already become central to the study of modern European by the end of the 1970s. Much of the literature at the time stressed how Western Europe was experiencing a phase of party breakdown, dealignment and decay, and how traditional mass politics was in the process of transformation. In this first book-length analysis of the subject, Stefano Bartolini and Peter Mair convincingly demonstrated how this emphasis on change had been largely misconceived and misplaced. This was the first systematic and conceptually sophisticated work to bring together the study of electoral change and cleavage persistence, and has since become one of the landmark volumes in the study of electoral politics in Europe. The authors examine patterns of electoral persistence and change in Western Europe between 1885 and 1985. They assess both what these patterns indicate with regard to the persistence of traditional cleavages, particularly the class cleavage, and how these patterns vary according to political, institutional and social factors. They analyse the various patterns of competition which have characterised elections across the different European countries and in different historical periods, and how cleavages can persist and re-emerge even in the face of widespread social change. They develop a sophisticated model of aggregate electoral change, in which national electorates are conceived as being torn between the stability brought about by cultural identities and organisational structures and the stimuli for change that are provoked by party competition and institutional change. Identity, Competition and Electoral Availability was awarded the Stein Rokkan Prize for Comparative Social Science Research and is now reprinted for the first time in paperback.
This volume of the series Handbook of Zoology deals with the anatomy of the gastrointestinal digestive tract – stomach, small intestine, caecum and colon – in all eutherian orders and suborders. It presents compilations of anatomical studies, as well as an extensive list of references, which makes widely dispersed literature accessible. Introductory sections to orders and suborders give notice to biology, taxonomy, biogeography and food of the respective taxon. It is a characteristic of this book that different sections of the post-oesophageal tract are discussed separately from each other. Informations on form and function of organs of digestion in eutherians are discussed under comparative-anatomical aspects. The variability and diversity of anatomical structures represents the basis of functional differentiations.
The microcirculation of the gastrointestinal tract is under the control of both myogenic and metabolic regulatory systems. The myogenic mechanism contributes to basal vascular tone and the regulation of transmural pressure, while the metabolic mechanism is responsible for maintaining an appropriate balance between O2 demand and O2 delivery. In the postprandial state, hydrolytic products of food digestion elicit a hyperemia, which serves to meet the increased O2 demand of nutrient assimilation. Metabolically linked factors (e.g., tissue pO2, adenosine) are primarily responsible for this functional hyperemia. The fenestrated capillaries of the gastrointestinal mucosa are relatively permeable to small hydrolytic products of food digestion (e.g., glucose), yet restrict the transcapillary movement of larger molecules (e.g., albumin). This allows for the absorption of hydrolytic products of food digestion without compromising the oncotic pressure gradient governing transcapillary fluid movement and edema formation. The gastrointestinal microcirculation is also an important component of the mucosal defense system whose function is to prevent (and rapidly repair) inadvertent epithelial injury by potentially noxious constituents of chyme. Two pathological conditions in which the gastrointestinal circulation plays an important role are ischemia/reperfusion and chronic portal hypertension. Ischemia/reperfusion results in mucosal edema and disruption of the epithelium due, in part, to an inflammatory response (e.g., increase in capillary permeability to macromolecules and neutrophil infiltration). Chronic portal hypertension results in an increase in gastrointestinal blood flow due to an imbalance in vasodilator and vasoconstrictor influences on the microcirculation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Anatomy / Regulation of Vascular Tone and Oxygenation / Extrinsic Vasoregulation: Neural and Humoral / Postprandial Hyperemia / Transcapillary Solute Exchange / Transcapillary Fluid Exchange / Interaction of Capillary and Interstitial Forces / Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Defense / Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Pathology I: Ischemia/Reperfusion / Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Pathology II: Chronic Portal Hypertension / Summary and Conclusions / References / Author Biography
Now in full color, Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd Edition covers the entire specialty of maxillofacial surgery, including craniofacial deformity, oral surgery, trauma, and oncology. Unlike other OMFS texts where the contributors are singly boarded in oral surgery, this richly illustrated text boasts OMFS contributors who are all dual boarded in both oral surgery and medicine. Thoroughly updated with evidence-based content, it addresses the advances in technology and procedures providing oral and maxillofacial surgeons with new and exciting treatment options. And with print and digital formats, it is easy to use in any setting. - Authoritative guidance on oral and maxillofacial surgery by internationally recognized experts in the field. - 2,800 illustrations, including radiographs and full color artwork and clinical photos, provide clinicians and OMS residents with a clear visual guide to diagnoses, key concepts, and surgical techniques, as well as examples of preoperative and postoperative results. - A multidisciplinary approach reflects the best practices in the disciplines of oral and maxillofacial surgery, head and neck surgery, plastic surgery, and otolaryngology. - Covers contemporary techniques and technological advances at the forefront of maxillofacial surgery. - Evidence-based content supports the newest, most up-to-date diagnostic and therapeutic options available for a wide variety of clinical problems. - Key Points and Pitfalls boxes clearly identify the most important information, as well as potential problem areas that can arise when treating patients. - Available in print and digital formats that can be easily accessed via mobile tablets and smart phones in any setting, making it perfect for the modern student of surgery. - NEW! Full-color images clearly depict pathologies, concepts, and procedures. - EXPANDED and UPDATED! Expanded from 82 to 111 chapters with thoroughly revised content that reflects current information and advances in OMS, so clinicians and students can depend on this text as their go-to resource on oral maxillofacial surgery. - NEW! 29 new state-of-the-art chapters covering new topics, including the salivary glands, thyroid and parathyroid glands, tissue engineering, navigational surgery, 3D modeling, and lasers in OMFS. - NEW! Two new editors, Professors Brennan and Schliephake, and new section editors and contributors have helped bring advances in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery and offer a fresh perspective. - UPDATED! Expanded chapter on cancer keeps you in the know.
Cycling: A Sociology of Vélomobility explores cycling as a sociological phenomenon. Drawing on extensive ethnographic fieldwork, it considers the interaction of materials, competencies and meanings that comprise a variety of cycling practices. What might appear at first to be self-evident actions are shown to be constructed through the interplay of numerous social and political forces. Using a theoretical framework from mobilities studies, its central themes respond to the question of what it is about cycling that provokes so much interest and passion, both positive and negative. Individual chapters consider how cycling has appeared as theme and illustration in social theory, as well as the legacies of these theorizations. The book expands on the image of cycling practices as the product of an assemblage of technology, rider and environment. Riding spaces as material technologies are found to be as important as the machinery of the cycle, and a distinction is made between routes and rides to help interpret aspects of journey-making. Ideas of both affordance and script are used to explore how elements interact in performance to create sensory and experiential scapes. Consideration is also given to the changing identities of cycling practices in historical and geographical perspective. The book adds to existing research by extending the theorization of cycling mobilities. It engages with both current and past debates on the place of cycling in mobility systems and the problems of researching, analyzing and communicating ephemeral mobile experiences.
2015 BMA Medical Book Awards Highly Commended in Oncology Category!The Molecular Basis of Cancer arms you with the latest knowledge and cutting-edge advances in the battle against cancer. This thoroughly revised, comprehensive oncology reference explores the scientific basis for our current understanding of malignant transformation and the pathogenesis and treatment of this disease. A team of leading experts thoroughly explains the molecular biologic principles that underlie the diagnostic tests and therapeutic interventions now being used in clinical trials and practice. Detailed descriptions of topics from molecular abnormalities in common cancers to new approaches for cancer therapy equip you to understand and apply the complexities of ongoing research in everyday clinical application. - Effectively determine the course of malignancy and design appropriate treatment protocols by understanding the scientific underpinnings of cancer. - Visually grasp and retain difficult concepts easily thanks to a user-friendly format with abundant full-color figures. - Find critical information quickly with chapters following a logical sequence that moves from pathogenesis to therapy. - Stay current with the latest discoveries in molecular and genomic research. Sweeping revisions throughout include eight brand-new chapters on: Tumor Suppressor Genes; Inflammation and Cancer; Cancer Systems Biology: The Future; Biomarkers Assessing Risk of Cancer; Understanding and Using Information About Cancer Genomes; The Technology of Analyzing Nucleic Acids in Cancer; Molecular Abnormalities in Kidney Cancer; and Molecular Pathology. - Access the entire text and illustrations online, fully searchable, at Expert Consult.
This updated, full-color 4th edition features a greatly expanded surgical focus for a practical guide to corneal surgery. The expert guidance of internationally renowned editors provides you with authoritative and current coverage that takes you from an in-depth exploration corneal function as related to corneal surgery through to the correction of refractive errors. New chapters ensure that you stay up-to-date on the latest developments in the field. This easy-to-use, state-of-the-art resource has been reorganized to focus strictly on surgery to provide you with more coverage of recent surgical advances. Presents boxes of clinical pearls throughout the text for accessible expert guidance. Features the latest surgical techniques and postoperative management of penetrating and lamellar keratoplasty —to provide you with details on hot topics in the field. Gives you fresh insights with new sections and a broader perspective from a new team of editors. Makes use of full color throughout the text, as well as step-by-step surgical line illustrations and full-color photographs so you gain a more accurate visual understanding of corneal surgery. Emphasizes refractive surgery considerations, including technique, with supporting medical illustrations and video presentations.
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