This well-established book on injury biomechanics has been extensively revised and expanded for this new edition. It now includes a fundamental treatment of the mechanics at a cellular level, written by the new coauthor Prof. Barclay Morrison III from Columbia University. Furthermore, considerably more attention is paid to computer modeling, and in particular modeling the human body. The book addresses a wide range of topics in injury biomechanics, including anatomy, injury classification, injury mechanisms, and injury criteria. Further, it provides essential information on regional injury reference values, or injury criteria, that are either currently in use or proposed by both US and European communities. Although the book is intended as an introduction for doctors and engineers who are newcomers to the field of injury biomechanics, sufficient references are provided for those who wish to conduct further research, and even established researchers will find it useful as a reference guide to the biomechanical background of each proposed injury mechanism and injury criterion.
This volume identifies and analyses English words and expressions that are crucial for an adequate reconstruction of argumentative discourse. It provides a systematic set of instruments for giving a well founded analysis that results in an analytic overview of the elements that are relevant for the evaluation of the argumentation. By starting from everyday examples, the study immediately connects with the practice of argumentative discourse.
This book describes the revolutionary efforts underway to build virtual humans - from cells and organs to whole bodies and populations. Virtual human technology has extraordinary potential, but also poses enormous computational challenges. Digital doppelgängers of patients will be able to usher in an era of truly personalized medicine, in which virtual drug trials can be conducted on thousands of digital twins, and "health-casts" can give you an idea of what a change in diet and lifestyle would really mean for you. Your "virtual you" will change your healthcare and potentially extend your lifespan (while also raising philosophical and ethical questions). However, numerous challenges and problems need to be solved to build such virtual versions of humans and to make truly personalized and predictive medicine possible. These challenges largely reside in the domains of the computer and physical sciences, and they are the real focus of this book. Building a "virtual you" touches on a wide range of deep scientific issues: how detailed the models need to be; what is currently possible to model; the problems inherent to simulating chaos and complexity; how to stitch together different kinds of mathematical models; the need for the realization of new forms of computing, such as quantum computation; and how all this relates to the limits of what we can simulate digitally and the future of computer modeling. The book ends on a provocative note, claiming that although we will be able to go far with next generation exascale and quantum computers, we will need to return to the technology of analog machines in order to simulate the complexity of the human body and perhaps harness the properties of special metamaterials to solve equations by manipulating beams of light"--
Ninety Years at Torrens Park provides a comprehensive account of Scotch's journey from a boys' college of about 100 students to a coeducational institution of almost 1000. Heroic figures such as Norman Gratton, the first headmaster, to agents of radical change such as Philip Roff, the headmaster who introduced coeducation, emerge from the archives to stand beside the other headmasters, principals, teachers and students who populate the Scotch College story.
Now in four convenient volumes, Field’s Virology remains the most authoritative reference in this fast-changing field, providing definitive coverage of virology, including virus biology as well as replication and medical aspects of specific virus families. This volume of Field’s Virology: RNA Viruses, Seventh Edition covers the latest information on RNA viruses, how they cause disease, how they can cause epidemics and pandemics, new therapeutics and vaccine approaches, as provided in new or extensively revised chapters that reflect these advances in this dynamic field. Bundled with the eBook, which will be updated regularly as new information about each virus is available, this text serves as the authoritative, up-to-date reference book for virologists, infectious disease specialists, microbiologists, and physicians, as well as medical students pursuing a career in infectious diseases.
They came to fight for freedom and their country, they came to fight Germans. Men of the Polish Air Force, who had escaped first to France and then to Britain, to fly alongside the Royal Air Force just as Fighter Command faced its greatest challenge the Battle of Britain.Many of the Polish airmen joined existing RAF squadrons. The Poles also formed their own squadrons, but only four became operational during the Battle of Britain: Nos. 300 and 301, were bomber squadrons, with another two, Nos. 302 and 303, being fighter squadrons. Flying Hawker Hurricanes, both 302 and 303 squadrons were active by the middle of August 1940, just when they were most needed, at the height of the Battle of Britain, with Fighter Command stretched to its limit.The Polish squadrons, battle-hardened from their encounters with the Luftwaffe during the invasion of Poland and Battle of France, soon made their mark. In particular, 303 Squadron become the highest-scoring unit of Fighter Command.In total, 145 Polish pilots, the largest non-British contingent in Fighter Command at the time, fought in the Battle of Britain. While Winston Churchill praised the contribution of the Few, the pilots of many nationalities who had defended Britain, Air Chief Marshal Sir Hugh Dowding was more specific: Had it not been for the magnificent material contributed by the Polish squadrons and their unsurpassed gallantry, I hesitate to say that the outcome of the Battle would have been the same.
This enlightening book examines the use of online influence operations by foreign actors, and the extent to which these violate international law. It looks at key recent examples such as the 2016 UK EU Referendum, the 2016 American Presidential Election, and the 2017 French Presidential Election. The book analyses the core elements of interventions and sovereignty, and the extent to which these elements were violated in the three central case studies.
Birkhäuser's Pocket Dictionary of Biochemistry is the most comprehensive English-German/German-English dictionary on the international market. More than 30.000 entries and subentries with some 50.000 translations and an extent appendix with a specifically compiled list of abbreviations provide users with an unrivaled coverage of biochemistry and related bioscientific areas. The dictionary excels through a harmonious synthesis of biochemical and general bilingual dictionaries, making it the ideal choice for users from both scientific and linguistic fields. Furthermore Birkhäuser's Pocket Dictionary of Biochemistry is marked by a first class linguistic and lexicographic treatment achieving a very high user friendliness and user satisfaction. In the English-German part British terms have been included in addition to American terms, thus making it possible to find entries from either language.
This new edition of a technical dictionary is an evaluation of the technical terms found in the domes-tic and foreign literature and in standards, guidelines and directives. This dictionary contains more than 2,000 terms mainly with definitions with respect to non-destructive testing methods, such as ultrasonic testing, radiography, X-ray diffraction, visual testing, acoustic emission testing, eddy current testing, magnetic particle testing, penetrant testing, leak testing, general terms of NDT personnel certification and qualification, weld defects etc. This dictionary will be of great help to research workers, scientists, engineers, technicians as well as translators, i.e. anybody dealing with this technical literature. Dieses FDBR-Fachwörterbuchs berücksichtigt die Fachterminologie der in- und ausländischen Literatur sowie von Normen und Richtlinien. Dieses Fachwörterbuch enthält mehr als 2000 Fachbegriffe überwiegend mit Definitionen zu zerstörungsfreien Prüfverfahren wie Ultraschallprüfung, Durchstrahlungsprüfung, Röntgendiffraktometrie, Sichtprüfung, Schallemissionsprüfung, Wirbelstromprüfung, Magnetpulverprüfung, Eindringmittelprüfung, Dichtheitsprüfung sowie allgemeine Begriffe für die Zertifizierung und Qualifizierung von ZfP-Personal Schweißnahtfehler, usw. Dieses sehr handliche und übersichtliche Wörterbuch stellt eine sehr wertvolle Arbeitshilfe für Forscher, Wissenschaftler, Ingenieure und Techniker sowie Übersetzer dar, d.h. für jeden, der sich mit der entsprechenden Fachliteratur auseinanderzusetzen hat.
Peter Cornwell tells the story of the greatest air battle of the Second World War when six nations were locked in combat over north-western Europe for a traumatic six weeks in 1940. He describes the day-to-day events as the battle unfolds, and details the losses suffered by all six nations involved: Britain, France, Holland, Belgium, Germany and, rather belatedly, Italy. As far as RAF fighter squadrons in France were concerned, it was an all-Hurricane show, yet it was the Blenheim and Battle crews who suffered the brunt of the casualties. Every aircraft lost or damaged through enemy action while operating in France is listed together with the fate of the crews. The RAF lost more than a thousand aircraft of all types over the Western Front during the six-week battle, the French Air Force 1,400, but Luftwaffe losses were even higher at over 1,800 aircraft.
The goal of this work is the development of a novel computational formalization of whole-body affordances which is suitable for the multimodal detection and validation of interaction possibilities in unknown environments. The hierarchical framework allows the consistent fusion of affordance-related evidence and can be utilized for realizing shared autonomous control of humanoid robots. The affordance formalization is evaluated in several experiments in simulation and on real humanoid robots.
The story of a young Australian adventurer, Edward Presgrave, who enlisted in an irregular unit in the Boer War and stayed on in the Northern part of the Cape Colony to fight alongside Jakob Morengo and the Nama peoples in their epic guerrilla war against the Germans in German Southwest Africa, or present day Namibia. It records the adventure, sacrifice, deception and betrayal touching on major themes dominating the history of Southern Africa in the early years of the 20th century. The book vividly describes the Herero and Nama rebellions against the Germans in the years 1903-1907, and the shattering aftermath of concentration, death and work camps and the German policy of genocide. It also details the full cost of the war in human terms to both the Herero and Nama peoples as well as to the German occupiers. Little was known about Edward Presgrave until the present author engaged in his long and painstaking research through a host of differing sources, and the tracing of family contacts. On reconstructing the real events of what really happened during those years of hidden imperial conflict between the major powers, the author uncovers the attempts of their governments to conceal what might have resulted in public controversy and the undermining of international relations. There is an investigation of the social, economic and political aspects of life in German Southwest Africa as well as life along the German/Cape Colony border with its gun running, cattle raiding and support for the rebels. It discusses German public opinion of their colony in Southern Africa and the debates the Herero and Nama rebellions engendered in The Reichstag.
From the end of the Baroque age and the death of Bach in 1750 to the rise of Hitler in 1933, Germany was transformed from a poor relation among western nations into a dominant intellectual and cultural force more influential than France, Britain, Italy, Holland, and the United States. In the early decades of the 20th century, German artists, writers, philosophers, scientists, and engineers were leading their freshly-unified country to new and undreamed of heights, and by 1933, they had won more Nobel prizes than anyone else and more than the British and Americans combined. But this genius was cut down in its prime with the rise and subsequent fall of Adolf Hitler and his fascist Third Reich-a legacy of evil that has overshadowed the nation's contributions ever since. Yet how did the Germans achieve their pre-eminence beginning in the mid-18th century? In this fascinating cultural history, Peter Watson goes back through time to explore the origins of the German genius, how it flourished and shaped our lives, and, most importantly, to reveal how it continues to shape our world. As he convincingly demonstarates, while we may hold other European cultures in higher esteem, it was German thinking-from Bach to Nietzsche to Freud-that actually shaped modern America and Britain in ways that resonate today.
A compact introduction to Nietzsche’s writings about God, language, truth, and myth, this collection will engage and appeal to both veteran and novice readers. Fritzsche’s insightful introduction presents valuable historical, biographical, and cultural guidelines for exploring Nietzsche’s ideas and influence, without ignoring his literary acumen. The samples of Nietzsche’s writing were carefully chosen to represent Nietzsche’s enduring relevance for contemporary life. With “the death of God” as his starting point, Fritzsche selected and translated documents from the full range of Nietzsche’s explosive writings to expose readers to key ideas he developed. His bold concepts ignited reactions in his time and continue to energize and shape worldviews. Selections include Nietzsche’s thoughts on such topics as how humans have fallen into a subordinate relationship with systems of morality of their own making, and the importance of recognizing new possibilities; how different cultures and languages enable unique interpretations—that is, there is no common or real world; and how the “slave mentality” of the West inclines people to see each other as victims instead of masters of their own lives. All of the documents feature notations about publication history and context for the readings that follow; gloss notes explain literary allusions, historical references, and unfamiliar terms; appendixes include a chronology of Nietzsche’s life, questions for consideration, and a bibliography of selected works by and about Nietzsche.
The authors of the present book share the view that groups and semigroups playa funda mental role in the structure of the complex systems which they are studying. A serious effort was made to implement this point of view by presenting the fundamental concepts pertaining to groups and semigroups before going into the various fields of application. The first two chapters are written in this spirit. The following seven chapters deal with groups in relation to specific systems and lead from basic notions to high-level applications. The systems under study are in all cases characterized by a high degree of complexity as found in the physics of many degrees of freedom and in the theory of automata and systems. In 1977 the authors from the University of Tiibingen (M. Dal Cin, G. John, P. Kramer, A. Rieckers, K. Scheerer and H. Stumpf) organized an International Summer School on Groups and Many-Body Physics. The lectures presented at this School dealt specifically with this interplay of groups and complex systems. The contributions of this book cover the fields which were treated in a condensed form at the Summer School.
Widely recognized as the gold standard reference in the field, Rosen’s Breast Pathology provides comprehensive, up-to-date information on diseases of the breast from renowned experts at four leading medical centers, masterfully edited by Dr. Paul P. Rosen. The revised fifth edition covers the latest advances in immunohistochemical, pathobiological, and molecular aspects of benign and malignant breast diseases, helping you reach an accurate diagnosis with confidence. It’s an ideal reference for all physicians and medical personnel who require a thorough knowledge of breast pathology, including pathologists, surgeons, oncologists, radiologists, and radiation oncologists.
Unequalled in scope, depth, and clinical precision, Retina, 5th Edition keeps you at the forefront of today's new technologies, surgical approaches, and diagnostic and therapeutic options for retinal diseases and disorders. Comprehensively updated to reflect everything you need to know regarding retinal diagnosis, treatment, development, structure, function, and pathophysiology, this monumental ophthalmology reference work equips you with expert answers to virtually any question you may face in practice. Benefit from the extensive knowledge and experience of esteemed editor Dr. Stephen Ryan, five expert co-editors, and a truly global perspective from 358 other world authorities across Europe, Asia, Australasia the Americas.Examine and evaluate the newest diagnostic technologies and approaches that are changing the management of retinal disease, including future technologies which will soon become the standard.Put the very latest scientific and genetic discoveries, diagnostic imaging methods, drug therapies, treatment recommendations, and surgical techniques to work in your practice.
Unicellular organisms use gravity as an environmental guide to reach and stay in regions optimal for their growth and reproduction. These single cells play a significant role in food webs and these factors together make the effects of gravity on unicellular organisms a fascinating and important subject for scientific study. In addition, they present valuable model systems for studying the mechanisms of gravity perception, a topic of increasing interest in these days of experimentation in space. This book reveals how single cells achieve the same sensoric capacity as multicellular organisms like plants or animals. It reviews the field, discussing the historical background, ecological significance and related physiology of unicellular organisms, as well as various experimental techniques and models with which to study them. Those working on the biology of unicellular organisms, as well as in related areas of gravitational and space science will find this book of value.
Unequalled in scope, depth, and clinical precision, Retina, 5th Edition keeps you at the forefront of today’s new technologies, surgical approaches, and diagnostic and therapeutic options for retinal diseases and disorders. Comprehensively updated to reflect everything you need to know regarding retinal diagnosis, treatment, development, structure, function, and pathophysiology, this monumental ophthalmology reference work equips you with expert answers to virtually any question you may face in practice. Consult this title on your favorite e-reader with intuitive search tools and adjustable font sizes. Elsevier eBooks provide instant portable access to your entire library, no matter what device you're using or where you're located. Examine and evaluate the newest diagnostic technologies and approaches that are changing the management of retinal disease, including future technologies which will soon become the standard. Put the very latest scientific and genetic discoveries, diagnostic imaging methods, drug therapies, treatment recommendations, and surgical techniques to work in your practice. Benefit from the extensive knowledge and experience of esteemed editor Dr. Stephen Ryan, five expert co-editors, and a truly global perspective from 358 other world authorities across Europe, Asia, Australasia, and the Americas. Make the best use of new technologies with expanded and updated coverage of optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus imaging, and autofluorescence imaging. Apply the latest knowledge on anti-VEGF therapy for age related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and vein disease. Learn about artificial vision, drug delivery to the posterior segment, advances in macular surgery, vitrectomy, and complex retinal detachment, with updates on tumors, retinal genetics, cell biology, important basic science topics, and much more. Get the most out of new pharmacologic approaches in the management of age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. In your practice, diagnostic evaluations, and now even treatments, will be influenced by recent scientific discoveries such as in the areas of nanotechnology, neuro protection, stem cells and gene therapy, among other scientific contributions. View videos of surgical procedures and access the complete contents of Retina, 5th Edition online at www.expertconsult.com, fully searchable, with regular updates and a downloadable image gallery.
Since the appearance of its first edition in Germany in 1979, A History of German Literature has established itself as a classic work used by students and anyone interested in German literature. The volume chronologically traces the development of German literature from the Middle Ages to the present day. Throughout this chronology, literary developments are set in a social and political context. This includes a final chapter, written for this latest edition, on the consequences of the reunification of Germany in 1990. Thoroughly interdiscipinary in method, the work also reflects recent developments in literary criticism and history. Highly readable and stimulating, A History of German Literature succeeds in making the literature of the past as immediate and engaging as the works of the present. It is both a scholary study and an invaluable reference work for students.
There is an increasing need for numeracy skills in all aspects of life. This book explores the issues that are emerging regarding the teaching of these skills, beginning with preschool and the early years of primary school through to adults with poor numeracy skills. It draws on research and relevant literature from several different countries to provide a comprehensive overview of the subject and contains many links to other sources of information and additional resources.
The undisputed gold standard text in the field, Ryan's Retina is your award-winning choice for the most current, authoritative information on new technologies, surgical approaches, scientific advances and diagnostic and therapeutic options for retinal diseases and disorders. Packed with timely updates throughout, new illustrations, and a dedicated team of editors who extend Dr. Ryan’s legacy in retina, this outstanding 6th Edition is a must-have reference for retinal specialists, ophthalmologists, and fellows in training. Offers the most comprehensive content available on retina, balancing the latest scientific research and clinical correlations, covering everything you need to know on retinal diagnosis, treatment, development, structure, function, and pathophysiology. Provides a truly global perspective from five highly esteemed section editors and more than 350 other world authorities from across Europe, Asia, Australasia, and the Americas. Bullets Includes new chapters on widefield imaging, intraoperative OCT imaging, medical management of diabetes mellitus and age-related macular degeneration, and senile retinoschisis. Includes more than 1,150 brand-new illustrations, scans, and photographs throughout. Covers the explosion of new imaging options across optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus imaging, and autofluorescence imaging, including a greatly expanded OCT imaging chapter that features crucial information on OCT-Angiography (OCT-A). Presents new pharmacotherapy data and the latest approaches in anti-VEGF therapy for age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and venous occlusive disease. Contains thorough content updates in every area of retina, including advanced imaging technologies, gene therapy, inflammation and immune responses, white dot syndromes, epigenetic mechanisms, transplantation frontiers to improve retinal function, macular hole, myopic eye disease, ocular trauma, drug delivery to the posterior segment, advances in macular surgery, vitrectomy and complex retinal detachment, tumors, and retinal genetics and biology.
This updated, full-color 4th edition features a greatly expanded surgical focus for a practical guide to corneal surgery. The expert guidance of internationally renowned editors provides you with authoritative and current coverage that takes you from an in-depth exploration corneal function as related to corneal surgery through to the correction of refractive errors. New chapters ensure that you stay up-to-date on the latest developments in the field. This easy-to-use, state-of-the-art resource has been reorganized to focus strictly on surgery to provide you with more coverage of recent surgical advances. Presents boxes of clinical pearls throughout the text for accessible expert guidance. Features the latest surgical techniques and postoperative management of penetrating and lamellar keratoplasty —to provide you with details on hot topics in the field. Gives you fresh insights with new sections and a broader perspective from a new team of editors. Makes use of full color throughout the text, as well as step-by-step surgical line illustrations and full-color photographs so you gain a more accurate visual understanding of corneal surgery. Emphasizes refractive surgery considerations, including technique, with supporting medical illustrations and video presentations.
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