Hypnosis and Stress provides a practical approach to using hypnosis with patients suffering from a wide range of stress related problems. Innovative in its approach, this book integrates traditional approaches in hypnosis with Ericksonian and Rossi's approach to hypnotherapy. The most up-to-date research is discussed and a flexible, 'hands-on' framework is provided for practicing hypnotherapy, including: detailed guidelines on conducting clinical interviews examples of preparing the patient for hypnosis templates of clinical 'scripts' for use in sessions solutions for dealing with catharsis discussion of inter-professional collaboration. Interventions are suggested for a wide range of stress problems in both adults and children, including anxiety, sexual dysfunctions, sleeping problems, pain and other psychosomatic conditions. This practical guide provides a useful introduction to hypnotherapy for professionals such as counsellors, psychotherapists, psychiatrists, psychologists and physicians. The breadth of information included ensures it will also appeal to the more experienced clinician.
This book is about marketing models and the process of model building. Our primary focus is on models that can be used by managers to support marketing decisions. It has long been known that simple models usually outperform judgments in predicting outcomes in a wide variety of contexts. For example, models of judgments tend to provide better forecasts of the outcomes than the judgments themselves (because the model eliminates the noise in judgments). And since judgments never fully reflect the complexities of the many forces that influence outcomes, it is easy to see why models of actual outcomes should be very attractive to (marketing) decision makers. Thus, appropriately constructed models can provide insights about structural relations between marketing variables. Since models explicate the relations, both the process of model building and the model that ultimately results can improve the quality of marketing decisions. Managers often use rules of thumb for decisions. For example, a brand manager will have defined a specific set of alternative brands as the competitive set within a product category. Usually this set is based on perceived similarities in brand characteristics, advertising messages, etc. If a new marketing initiative occurs for one of the other brands, the brand manager will have a strong inclination to react. The reaction is partly based on the manager's desire to maintain some competitive parity in the mar keting variables.
With insight and refreshing candor, Peter G. Peterson describes his remarkable life story beginning in Kearney, Nebraska as an eight-year-old manning the cash register at his father's Greek diner through his "Mad Men" advertising days, to Secretary of Commerce in Nixon's paranoid White House, to the tumultuous days of Lehman Brothers, and to the creation of The Blackstone Group, one of the great financial enterprises in recent times. In The Education of the American Dreamer, Peterson chronicles the progress of this journey with irony, humor and, sometimes, painful honesty. Within these pages are stories of marriage and family hardship; lessons in political gamesmanship; thoughts on his obsessive desire to succeed; and, finally, learning the meaning of "enough." From his advertising days in Chicago in the 1950's to becoming the youngest CEO of a Fortune 300 Company, he shares with us his rise to the top and the price paid along the way. As the youngest Cabinet member in the Nixon administration, he describes his survival techniques in a hubris-driven and paranoid White House, including his turbulent turf wars with Treasury Secretary John Connally leading to Peterson's abrupt and highly publicized firing. His stewardship of Lehman Brothers is a Shakespearian tale of a CEO who struggled to deal with partners who were plotting his demise and, at the same time, turning an institution on the brink of bankruptcy to one with 5 straight years of record profits. His life's story is about doing well by doing good. In the wake of Blackstone's highly successful public offering, Peterson found himself an 80-year old instant billionaire, on the verge of retirement. And like many lifetime workers and over-achievers, he suddenly confronts an unexpected, depressing identity crisis. His solution? Committing a great bulk of his net proceeds to establish the Peter G. Peterson Foundation, his philanthropic endeavor to do something about America's politically untouchable challenges that threaten America's future, among them massive entitlement obligations, ballooning health care costs, and our energy gluttony. Ultimately, this is a man's account of his legendary successes, humiliating failures, and personal tragedies - a testament to a remarkable life and, indeed, to the American Dream itself.
This book is pretty life-changing – encouraging, optimistic, rich with information. It got me off the sofa.' Jeremy Vine 'This is such a lovely, ambitious, fascinating book. Essential lockdown reading. It allows us to reimagine our world and our bodies: we can move more.' Dr Xand van Tulleken, TV presenter 'Truly uplifting' Chris Boardman What is the 'miracle pill', the simple lifestyle change with such enormous health benefits that, if it was turned into a drug, would be the most valuable drug in the world? The answer is movement and the good news is that it's free, easy and available to everyone. Four in ten British adults, and 80% of children, are so sedentary they don’t meet even the minimum recommended levels for movement. What’s going on? The answer is simple: activity became exercise. What for centuries was universal and everyday has become the fetishised pursuit of a minority, whether the superhuman feats of elite athletes, or a chore slotted into busy schedules. Yes, most people know physical activity is good for us. And yet 1.5 billion people around the world are so inactive they are at greater risk of everything from heart disease to diabetes, cancer, arthritis and depression, even dementia. Sedentary living now kills more people than obesity, despite receiving much less attention, and is causing a pandemic of chronic ill health many experts predict could soon bankrupt the NHS. How did we get here? Daily, constant exertion was an integral part of humanity for millennia, but in just a few decades movement was virtually designed out of people’s lives through transformed workplaces, the dominance of the car, and a built environment which encourages people to be static. In a world now also infiltrated by ubiquitous screens, app-summoned taxis and shopping delivered to your door, it can be shocking to realise exactly how sedentary many of us are. A recent study found almost half of middle-aged English people don’t walk continuously for ten minutes or more in an average month. At current trends, scientists forecast, the average US adult will expend little more energy in an average week than someone who spent all their time in bed. This book is a chronicle of this very modern and largely unexplored catastrophe, and the story of the people trying to turn it around. Through interviews with experts in various fields - doctors, scientists, architects and politicians - Peter Walker explores how to bring more movement into the modern world and, most importantly, into your life. Forget the gym, introducing quick and easy lifestyle changes can slow down the ageing process and even reverse many illnesses and increase mental wellbeing.
Originally published in 1976, this title looks closely at the current nature of controls in hypnosis research at the time and tries to assess what they contributed to our knowledge of hypnosis. Specifically, the book analyses the contributions to our understanding of hypnotic phenomena offered by the application of six contemporary methodologies, or paradigms, of hypnosis. The primary concern is with those paradigms that are experimental, rather than clinical, in orientation, and which had emerged over the previous decade as coherent programmatic collections of procedural strategies, all of them associated with distinct and important views of how hypnotic behaviour can best be explained.
An easy-to-follow, reassuring and responsible guide that shows how you can use hypnotherapy to identify and overcome unhealthy modes of thinking, deal with emotional issues, improve performance, and banish bad habits. Whether you’re seeking to overcome anxiety or depression, improve your performance professionally or personally, lose weight or beat an addiction, hypnotherapy can help you make the changes you want.
Self-Hypnosis For Dummies is a hands-on guide to achieving your goals using hypnosis. Whether you want to lose weight, overcome anxiety or phobias, cure insomnia, stop smoking, or simply stop biting your nails, this guide has it covered! The reassuring and straight-talking information will help you harness the power of your mind and re-train your subconscious to think in more healthy and constructive ways, and to overcome specific issues, such as anxiety and paranoia, and break bad habits, such as smoking. The easy-to-follow style will guide you through every step of the process, empowering you to take control and start making changes right away.
This autobiography traces Shrum's beginnings on a southern Ontario farm, through his school and university years in Toronto, his distinguished academic career at UBC and his post-retirement careers as chancellor of Simon Fraser University, head of B.C. Hydro, Robson Square, and the Vancouver Museum.
When avenger and amphibious deep-sea cyborg Lenie Clarke learns that she has been duped into destroying the world by a corporate group, she emerges in the wake of a nuclear blast to serve up a vendetta from the ocean floor.
This critical ethnographic school-based case study offers insights on the interaction between ideology and the identity development of individual English language learners in Singapore. Illustrated by case studies of the language learning experiences of five Asian immigrant students in an English-medium school in Singapore, the author examines how the immigrant students negotiated a standard English ideology and their discursive positioning over the course of the school year. Specifically, the study traces how the prevailing standard English ideology interacted in highly complex ways with their being positioned as high academic achievers to ultimately influence their learning of English. This potent combination of language ideologies and circulating ideologies created a designer student immigration complex. By framing this situation as a complex, the study problematizes the power of ideologies in shaping the trajectories and identities of language learners.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy is highly effective in the treatment of anxiety disorders, regardless of the specific type of fear that is causing difficulties. This practical, hands-on clinical resource presents a proven group treatment protocol for patients with any anxiety diagnosis. Step-by-step guidelines are provided for setting up transdiagnostic groups, using comprehensive assessment to plan and monitor treatment, and implementing carefully sequenced cognitive and behavioral techniques. Clinical examples illustrate the nuts and bolts of intervention across different anxiety disorder presentations. Special features include 19 reproducible handouts and forms that can be downloaded and printed in a convenient 8 1/2" x 11" size.
The ideas, people, and events that developed art education are described and analyzed so that art educators and educators in general will have a better understanding of what has happened (and is happening) to visual art in the schools. Peter Smith raises the issue of art education's inordinate emphasis on Eurocentric art. He challenges the often expressed notion that the field of education is the cause of art education's problems and proposes that confused conceptions within the art world are just as much a root of the difficulty. No other book in art education history gives such close and analytical attention to the careers of women in the field. The materials on Germanic cultural and historical influences are unequaled as is the scholarly treatment of Viktor Lowenfeld, probably the most influential single figure in 20th-century American art education.
Self-Hypnosis: The Complete Manual for Health and Self-Change, 2nd ed offers a step-by step guide to using hypnosis to better well-being and stronger self-control. For over two decades renowned therapist and author Brian Alman showed thousands of individuals how to use self-inductive techniques for relief from pain, stress, and discomfort. Self-hypnosis assists in meditation and fosters positive self-regard. The exercises in Self-Hypnosis are clear, concise and easily attainable. As an effective therapy in alleviating the pain of childbirth, medical and dental surgery, burns, and accidental injuries, hypnosis is practiced widely. Hypnosis in pain relief is a noninvasive and natural healing process. Self-Hypnosis makes this healing technique available to the lay reader.
This collection asks questions about the received wisdom of the debate about capital punishment. Woven through the book, questions are asked of, and remedies proposed for, a raft of issues identified as having been overlooked in the traditional discourse. It provides a long overdue review of the disparate groups and strategies that lay claim to abolitionism. The authors argue that capital litigators should use their skills challenging the abuses not just of process, but of the conditions in which the condemned await their fate, namely prison conditions, education, leisure, visits, medical services, etc. In the aftermath of successful constitutional challenges it is the beneficiaries (arguably those who are considered successes, having been ’saved’ from the death penalty and now serving living death penalties of one sort or another) who are suffering the cruel and inhumane alternative. Part I of the book offers a selection of diverse, nuanced examinations of death penalty phenomena, scrutinizing complexities frequently omitted from the narrative of academics and activists. It offers a challenging and comprehensive analysis of issues critical to the abolition debate. Part II offers examinations of countries usually absent from academic analysis to provide an understanding of the status of the debate locally, with opportunities for wider application.
Praise for the first edition "Finally, a social work practice text that makes a difference! This is the book that you have wished for but could never find. Although similar to texts that cover a range of practice theories and approaches to clinical practice, this book clearly has a social work frame of reference and a social work identity." --Gayla Rogers, Dean of the Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary The major focus of this second edition is the same; to provide an overview of theories, models, and therapies for direct social work practice, including systems theory, attachment theory, cognitive-behavioral theory, narrative therapy, solution-focused therapy, the crisis intervention model, and many more. However, this popular textbook goes beyond a mere survey of such theories. It also provides a framework for integrating the use of each theory with central social work principles and values, as well as with the artistic elements of practice. This second edition has been fully updated and revised to include: A new chapter on Relational Theory, and newly-rewritten chapters by new authors on Cognitive-Behavioral Theory, Existential Theory, and Wraparound Services New critique of the Empirically Supported Treatment (EST) movement Updated information on the movement toward eclecticism in counseling and psychotherapy A refined conceptualization of the editors' generalist-eclectic approach
Foundations of Theology is a unique systematic theology constructed from a review and consideration of biblical, historical (primarily the early church, the Reformation, and revivals), and contemporary sources. Significantly, the theology of Ellen White is referred to in most sections and is considered the foundation source for other inclusions. Furthermore, Foundations of Theology is a contemporary theology that is profoundly Arminian and Wesleyan, but also refers to Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Karl Barth. It is intended for a broad audience, being academic in its referencing, but accessible in its discussion.
A fully illustrated study into the extraordinary Convair B-36 during the Cold War. Conceived during 1941 in case Germany occupied Britain, when US bombers would then have insufficient range to retaliate, the B-36 was to be primarily a '10,000-mile bomber' with heavy defensive armament, six engines and a performance that would prevent interception by fighters. Although rapid developments in jet engine and high-speed airframe technology quickly made it obsolescent, the B-36 took part in many important nuclear test programmes. The aircraft also provided the US nuclear deterrent until the faster B-52 became available in 1955. It was one of the first aircraft to use substantial amounts of magnesium in its structure, leading to the bomber's 'Magnesium Overcast' nickname. It earned many superlatives due to the size and complexity of its structure, which used 27 miles of wiring, had a wingspan longer than the Wright brothers' first flight, equivalent engine power to 400 cars, the same internal capacity as three five-room houses and 27,000 gallons of internal fuel – enough to propel a car around the world 18 times. Much was made of the fact that the wing was deep enough to allow engineers to enter it and maintain the engines in flight. B-36s continued in the bomber and reconnaissance role until their retirement in February 1959 following 11 years in SAC. Convair employees were invited to suggest names for the giant aircraft, eliciting suggestions such as 'King Kong Bomber', 'Condor', 'Texan' and 'Unbelievable', but the most popular was 'Peacemaker'. Oddly, objections from religious groups deterred the USAF from ever adopting it officially. This fully illustrated volume includes first-hand accounts, original photographs and up to 30 profile artworks depicting in detail the complexity of this superlative aircraft.
Developed in conjunction with several oil companies using experimental data for real reservoir fluids, Phase Behavior of Petroleum Reservoir Fluids introduces industry standard methods for modeling the phase behavior of petroleum reservoir fluids at different stages in the process. Keeping mathematics to a minimum, this book discusses sampling, cha
The 6th edition of this established text is streamlined to a more manageable format, with the Appendices moved to the web-site and a significant shortening of the main text. There is a greater focus on the global analysis of industry and competition; and analysis of the internal environment. In consultation with feedback from their adopters, the authors have concentrated on the fundamentals of strategy analysis and the underlying sources of profit. This reflects waning interest among senior executives in the pursuit of short-term shareholder value. As ever students are provided with the guidance they need to strategic planning, analysis of the health services environment (internal and external) and lessons on implementation; with additional discussionssion of organizational capability, deeper treatment of sustainability and corporate social responsibility and more coverageof the sources of organizational inertia and competency traps. This edition is rich in new examples from real-world health care organizations. Chapters are brought to life by the 'Introductory Incidents', 'Learning Objectives', 'Perspectives', 'Strategy Capsules', useful chapter summaries; and questions for class discussion. All cases and examples have been updated or replaced. In this edition the teaching materials and web supplements have been greatly enhanced, with power-point slides, to give lecturers a unique resource.
The authors here promote the reintroduction of temporality into the description and analysis of spoken interaction. They argue that spoken words are, in fact, temporal objects and that unless linguists consider how they are delivered within the context of time, they will not capture the full meaning of situated language use. Their approach is rigorously empirical, with analyses of English, German, and Italian rhythm, all grounded in sequences of actual talk-in-interaction.
Written for anyone wanting to learn how to apply NLP in a professional or business environment, NLP in Business is ideal for leaders, managers, sales people, HR professionals, project managers, IT specialists and anyone who wants to develop better professional relationships. This book is written from the outset to both teach and demonstrate the application of NLP as a business tool. There are ready made exercises for you and many ideas and applications that you can use right away. NLP in Business is written from many years experience both in training NLP at the Practitioner and Master Practitioner level, and also in applying NLP in business and in business applications training.
The MD Anderson Solid Tumor Oncology series presents cutting-edge surgical treatment and medical therapy for specific sites. This volume, Pancreatic Cancer, addresses epidemiology and molecular biology, inherited syndromes, staging, surgical techniques, multimodality therapy, and emerging therapies. The individual chapters focus on narrow, specific topics to produce a reference work of value to those interested in pancreatic cancer from a clinical and translational research perspective. A must-have for surgical oncologists and general surgeons.
In Designing XR, H+C immersion is presented as a multi-dimensional design problem which addresses the question of: How can transformative design-thinking-based knowledge systems complement the existing HCI invention model to contribute to the creation of more socially viable and humane immersive media environments?
Social interaction in recent years has become the focus of systematic scientific research in a wide variety of academic disciplines. In Communication under the Microscope, Peter Bull shows how communication has become an object of study in its own right, which can be dissected in the finest detail through the use of film and recording technology. In so doing he provides a clear and valuable introduction into the theory and practice of microanalysis. Bull argues that microanalysis is both a distinctive methodology and a distinctive way of thinking about communication. He then focuses on the two principal elements of face-to-face communication: speech and non-verbal behaviour. Communication in particular social contexts is also addressed with related chapters on gender and politics. Finally, the practical aspects of microanalysis are discussed. This unique and thorough review of microanalysis integrates different approaches and draws together research literature which is often diverse and disparate. Presented in a clear and focused style, this book will be of interest to psychologists, social scientists and all students and researchers in the field of communication. Communication is central to many aspects of human life, yet it has only recently become the focus of systematic scientific investigation within a wide variety of academic disciplines. Communication has now become an object of study in its own right, and can be dissected in the finest detail with the use of recording technology (film, audiotape and videotape). This approach has become known as 'microanalysis', and forms the principal theme of Communication under the Microscope.
Like so many helping professionals today, coaches are discovering that the most effective treatment plan is not always the one that takes the most time. Perhaps more so than in any other situation, coaching allows practitioners to quickly forge collaborative relationships with their clients and help them maximize their performance in work and in life. Brief Coaching for Lasting Solutions teaches coaches how to conduct conversations that are most useful to clients in achieving their goals within a brief period of time. The authors, two of the leading practitioners of the brief coaching method, masterfully guide readers through the steps of this process–from the initial meeting to follow-up sessions to troubleshooting setbacks–while illustrating essential skills with ample case examples.This book is written for coaches who want to reduce the time it takes to provide effective coaching while making the best use possible of resources the client brings to the table. At the same time it is written for the benefit of today’s clients, so many of whom want to avoid coaching that is time-intensive and costly, and instead seek coaching that is organized, efficient, and affordable.Whether your clients seek a solution to a specific problem or strive toward a more general life goal, this invaluable resource will put you on the path to brief coaching success.
Dr Volten analyses the foreign policy-making process in the Soviet Union, particularly in connection with the Brezhnev's Peace programme in the 1970s, which was supposed to normalise political-economic relations with the West and curb military rivalry.
Arsenic Pollution summarizes the most current research on the distribution and causes of arsenic pollution, its impact on health and agriculture, and solutions by way of water supply, treatment, and water resource management. Provides the first global and interdisciplinary account of arsenic pollution occurrences Integrates geochemistry, hydrology, agriculture, and water supply and treatment for the first time Options are highlighted for developing alternative water sources and methods for arsenic testing and removal Appeals to specialists in one discipline seeking an overview of the work being done in other disciplines
Cannabis, marijuana, pot, ganja - it goes by many names — is by far the most widely used illegal substance, and accounts for more arrests than any other drug. Barely a week goes by without this drug appearing in the newpapers, and politicians have famously tied themselve in knots, trying to decide just how to deal with this recreational drug. While there have been many drug policy books on other substances - both legal and illegal, few have focused on this drug. Cannabis Policy: Moving beyond Stalemate is unique in providing the materials needed for deciding on policy about cannabis in its various forms. It reviews the state of knowledge on the health and psychological effects of cannabis, and its dangerousness relative to other drugs. It considers patterns and trends in use, the size and character of illicit markets, and the administration of current policies, including arrests and diversion to treatment, under the global prohibition regime. It looks at the experience of a number of countries which have tried reforming their regimes and softening prohibition, exploring the kinds of changes or penalties for use for possession: including depenalization, decriminalization, medical control, and different types of legalization. It evaluates such changes and draws on them to assess the effects on levels and patterns of use, on the market, and on adverse consequences of prohibition. For policymakers willing to look outside the box of the global prohibition regime, the book examines the options and possibilities for a country or group of countries to bring about change in, or opt out of, the global control system. Throughout, the book examines cannabis within a global frame, and provides in accessible form information which anyone considering reform will need in order to make decisions on cannabis policy (much of which is new or has not been readily available). This book will be essential for those involved in policymaking and be of interest to a wide range of readers interested in drugs and drug policy, as well as being an excellent supplementary text for university courses in criminology, policy science, social science, or public health. Published with the BECKLEY FOUNDATION PRESS
With an emphasis on the fundamental and practical aspects of ADME for therapeutic proteins, this book helps readers strategize, plan and implement translational research for biologic drugs. • Details cutting-edge ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) and PKPD (pharmacokinetic / pharmacodynamics) modeling for biologic drugs • Combines theoretical with practical aspects of ADME in biologic drug discovery and development and compares innovator biologics with biosimilar biologics and small molecules with biologics, giving a lessons-learned perspective • Includes case studies about leveraging ADME to improve biologics drug development for monoclonal antibodies, fusion proteins, pegylated proteins, ADCs, bispecifics, and vaccines • Presents regulatory expectations and industry perspectives for developing biologic drugs in USA, EU, and Japan • Provides mechanistic insight into biodistribution and target-driven pharmacokinetics in important sites of action such as tumors and the brain
This book is the result of a collaboration between a number of authors working as a European Brief Therapy Association (EBTA) task-group. This is the 2020 state of the art version of understanding and learning Solution-Focused Practice. It is applicable to various fields of practice, such as therapy, coaching, supervision, social change, educational work, leadership, and other contexts where a detailed understanding of how to manage and promote change in social systems and communities is of intended. The book presents a coherent theory of solution-focused practice for those who want to understand the rationale, together with a comprehensive description of solution-focused practice that can be used in daily practice or training and for developmental purposes. Theory here is defined as a process theory describing how the solution-focused practice is done, together with explanations of how and why the change process is initiated. This book is also a statement of what solution-focused practice is and what are the sound reasons to use it.
This book focuses on high-risk youth, whose struggles include neglect, abuse, alcohol and drug abuse, the risk of being exploited, mental health issues, and the inability to self-regulate and trust. While practice has traditionally focused on punishment-consequence interventions, this book explores the experience and research that shows how youth can be better served with relationship-based practice. Setting out a philosophy and framework for harm reduction principles, resiliency and strength-based approaches, community collaboration, and an understanding of early trauma, Smyth provides strategies for engaging and working with the most disconnected, challenging and troubled youth in society.
This sparkling Handbook offers an unrivalled resource for those engaged in the cutting edge field of social network analysis. Systematically, it introduces readers to the key concepts, substantive topics, central methods and prime debates. Among the specific areas covered are: Network theory Interdisciplinary applications Online networks Corporate networks Lobbying networks Deviant networks Measuring devices Key Methodologies Software applications. The result is a peerless resource for teachers and students which offers a critical survey of the origins, basic issues and major debates. The Handbook provides a one-stop guide that will be used by readers for decades to come.
Links below will take you to the non-profit Break the Cycle! Web site (formerly Stepfamily inFormation). Use your browser's Back button to return to the Xlibris.com bookstore. Premise: From newborn infants to dying adults, we all communicate to reduce local discomforts - i.e. to fill current needs. Doing that promotes satisfaction. Anything you do that causes a significant emotional-spiritual-physical-mental change in another person can be called communication. It's impossible to not communicate with other people, for silence and inactivity cause reactions and presumed meanings. The quality of your life and key relationships depends largely on the effectiveness of the way you communicate - yet you probably don't know what you need to know about this vital life skill. To reality check that, mull these five challenges: 1) Name a learned skill that you rely on more often than communicating to get your key needs met. Note that thinking is internal communication. 2) How do you distinguish between effective and ineffective communication? If you're not sure, how can you tell if you're communicating effectively in important situations? 3) On a scale of 1 (totally ineffective) to 10 (totally effective), generally how effective a communicator would you rate yourself in calm times __ and in conflicts __ recently? 4) Identify the five most important people in your current life. From 1 to 10, how effective would you rate yourself in your communication with each of them in calm __ and conflictual __ times? How effective would each of them rate you? 5) Take your time, and see how well you do with this communication quiz. Then return. Would you like to improve your communication effectiveness with others and yourself? Seven Essential Skills This unique guidebook describes and illustrates seven vital communication skills that any motivated person can learn, with practice. They are: Awareness Clear thinking, Digging down, Effective assertion, Metatalking (talking cooperatively about communication),
This detailed study traces the history of the Soviet-Polish War (1919-20), the first major international clash between the forces of communism and anti-communism, and the impact this had on Soviet Russia in the years that followed. It reflects upon how the Bolsheviks fought not only to defend the fledgling Soviet state, but also to bring the revolution to Europe. Peter Whitewood shows that while the Red Army's rapid drive to the gates of Warsaw in summer 1920 raised great hopes for world revolution, the subsequent collapse of the offensive had a more striking result. The Soviet military and political leadership drew the mistaken conclusion that they had not been defeated by the Polish Army, but by the forces of the capitalist world Britain and France who were perceived as having directed the war behind-the-scenes. They were taken aback by the strength of the forces of counterrevolution and convinced they had been overcome by the capitalist powers. The Soviet-Polish War and its Legacy reveals that in the aftermath of the catastrophe at Warsaw Lenin, Stalin and other senior Bolsheviks were convinced that another war against Poland and its capitalist backers was inevitable with this perpetual fear of war shaping the evolution of the early Soviet state. It also further encouraged the creation of a centralised and repressive one-party state and provided a powerful rationale for the breakneck industrialisation of the Soviet Union at the end of the 1920s. The Soviet leadership's central preoccupation in the 1930s was Nazi Germany; this book convincingly argues that Bolshevik perceptions of Poland and the capitalist world in the decade before were given as much significance and were ultimately crucial to the rise of Stalinism.
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