When confronted with a neurological or psychiatric disorder in an elderly individual, a clinician or researcher is likely to ask how the processes of ageing have influenced the aetiology and presentation of the disorder, and will impact on its efficient management. There are many urban myths about ageing, and some of these apply to the brain. The reviews included in this book are an attempt to flush out some of these myths, and arm the clinician and general researcher with the empirical facts that can be mustered to substantiate claims about ageing. There are many salient questions: is cognitive change to be expected in an elderly individual? Is this change progressive, relentless and unselective, or is it focal and constrained? Would every person who lived long enough develop Alzheimer’s disease? Do our neurones die as we get old? What happens to the size of the brain and its metabolic activity? How do our hormones change with age? Can anti-oxidants slow or even stop the process of ageing? Are genes important in the ageing brain or is it all in the environment? How much of what we are is due to what we eat? The contributors to this book, each an expert in their field, have addressed some of these questions in a language simple enough for a general reader to understand. The book also deals with some of the most prominent brain disorders of old age - Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, vascular dementia, and depression. The focus is on the impact of ageing on these disorders. The discussions lay out a broad map for the clinician dealing with neuropsychiatric disorders, and the future researcher of brain ageing. In a field in which the developments are too numerous for any one individual to keep pace with, this book presents up-to-date summaries that can be a useful starting point. The field of brain ageing abounds in tabloid science. This book counters this by providing a strong empirical grounding and considered synthesis of the research.
This book reviews our knowledge of akathisia and related syndromes, including Restless Legs Syndrome, other forms of motor restlessness and neuroleptic-induced dysphoria and is a comprehensive account of these important, but insufficiently researched, syndromes. The main focus is on drug-induced akathisia and its various subtypes. The author explores its relationship to the restlessness caused by other neurological disorders, presents a synthesis of the pathophysiological mechanisms of akathisia and provides arguments for operational criteria for the research diagnosis of drug-induced akathisia. Strategies for the measurement of akathisia are discussed, as are treatment approaches and a fascinating appendix contains a translation of Hashovec's account of the first cases in the literature. As the first extended review of scientific and clinical aspects of akathisia and restlessness, this book will be much valued by psychiatrists, neurologists and other physicians seeking a better understanding of these disabling syndromes.
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