Paula Tommila's Books

Swapping Fossil Fuel Subsidies for Sustainable Energy

By: Richard Bridle,Laura Merrill,Mikki Halonen,Anna Zinecker,Markus Klimscheffskij,Paula Tommila

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Swapping Fossil Fuel Subsidies for Sustainable Energy

By: Richard Bridle,Laura Merrill,Mikki Halonen,Anna Zinecker,Markus Klimscheffskij,Paula Tommila

Underpricing of fossil fuels, caused by subsidies, drives carbon intensive consumption. Reforming fossil fuel subsidies and allocating some of the savings to sustainable energy could accelerate a transition to fairer, safer, cleaner and more sustainable energy systems. This report outlines the Nordic Council of Ministers’ work to promote these swaps through the development of a business model and description of the link between fossil fuel subsidies, reforms and carbon emissions. The report evaluates potential swaps to increase industrial energy efficiency in the mining sector, in the context of energy sector reforms in Zambia; and the replacement of butane subsidies with solar investments in Morocco. The report also presents an outline of how Nordic countries are supporting reforms and driving the swaps agenda as part of Nordic Solutions to Global Challenges.

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Nordic Council of Ministers

Published Date

ISBN 10

9289359110

ISBN 13

9789289359115

Making the Switch

From fossil fuel subsidies to sustainable energy

By: Merrill, Laura ,Bridle, Richard ,Klimscheffskij, Markus ,Tommila, Paula ,Lontoh, Lucky ,Sharma, Shruti ,Touchette, Yanick ,Gass, Phil ,Gagnon-Lebrun, Frédéric ,Sanchez, Lourdes ,Gerasimchuk, Ivetta

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Making the Switch

From fossil fuel subsidies to sustainable energy

This report estimates fossil fuel subsidies to be around USD 425 billion. Such subsidies represent large lost opportunities for governments to invest in renewable energy, energy efficiency and sustainable development. Removal of consumer subsidies can lead to carbon emission reductions (6 to 8 per cent by 2050 globally), Reductions that can be improved further with a switch or a "SWAP" towards sustainable energy. This report describes the scale and impact of fossil fuel subsidies on sustainable development. It describes the SWAP concept to switch savings made from fossil fuel subsidy reform, towards sustainable energy, energy efficiency and safety nets. The report provides potential SWAP outlines for Bangladesh, Indonesia, Morocco and Zambia. "Making the Switch" was written for the Nordic Council Ministers by the Global Subsidies Initiative of IISD and Gaia Consulting.

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Nordic Council of Ministers

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ISBN 10

9289350164

ISBN 13

9789289350167

Core-Task Design

A Practice-Theory Approach to Human Factors

By: Leena Norros,Paula Savioja,Hanna Koskinen

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Core-Task Design

A Practice-Theory Approach to Human Factors

By: Leena Norros,Paula Savioja,Hanna Koskinen

This book focuses on design of work from the human-factors (HF) perspective. In the approach referred to as Core-Task Design (CTD), work is considered practice, composed of human actors, the physical and social environment, and the tools used for reaching the actors’ objectives. This book begins with consideration of an industrial case, the modernization of a nuclear power plant automation system, and the related human-system interfaces in the control room. This case illustrates generic design dilemmas that invite one to revisit human-factors research methodology: Human factors should adopt practice as a new unit of analysis and should accept intervention as an inherent feature of its methodology. These suggestions are put into practice in the CTD approach, according to which three general design functions are performed, those being: • understand-to-generalize—empirical analysis of the work at hand, • foresee-the-promise—creation of concepts for future work, and • intervene-to-develop—participatory development and design of work. For fulfillment fulfillment of each of the design functions, several CTD methods are introduced. The methods are aimed at modeling the core task and analyzing how the actors actually take the core task features into account in order to achieve balance between potentially conflicting demands in action. Thereby, new understanding of the core task is acquired. Further methods focus on projecting the roles and functionality of technologies in the future work and on implementing changes to the work. Specific studies of the nuclear power plant’s control-room renewal constitute an example demonstrating a core task and the associated methods. We argue that the CTD approach offers clear utility for the design of future technology, work, and everyday services and environments. CTD utilizes achievements of practice theory in the social sciences to generate a creative synthesis of Cognitive Work Analysis, semiotic analysis of practice, and the cultural-historical theory of activity. Core-Task Design facilitates dialogue among human-factors experts, design engineers, and end users in their joint development of work. The intended audience of this book is students, researchers, and practitioners of human factors, industrial art and design, and instrumentation and control-system design. Table of Contents: Acknowledgments / Preface / Introduction / Core-Task Design Methodology / Understandings: How to Generalize from Empirical Enquiry about Actual Work / Foreseeing: How to Uncover the Promise of Solutions for Future Work / Intervening: How to Develop the Work System / Core-Task Deign in Broader Perspective / Bibliography / Author Biographies

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Page Count

125

Publisher

Springer Nature

Published Date

ISBN 10

3031022114

ISBN 13

9783031022111

Book's by Paula Tommila

Swapping Fossil Fuel Subsidies for Sustainable Energy

Swapping Fossil Fuel Subsidies for Sustainable Energy

Making the Switch

Making the Switch

Core-Task Design

Core-Task Design

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