This rigorous explanation of plasmas is relevant to diverse plasma applications such as controlled fusion, astrophysical plasmas, solar physics, magnetospheric plasmas, and plasma thrusters. More thorough than previous texts, it exploits new powerful mathematical techniques to develop deeper insights into plasma behavior. After developing the basic plasma equations from first principles, the book explores single particle motion with particular attention to adiabatic invariance. The author then examines types of plasma waves and the issue of Landau damping. Magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium and stability are tackled with emphasis on the topological concepts of magnetic helicity and self-organization. Advanced topics follow, including magnetic reconnection, nonlinear waves, and the Fokker–Planck treatment of collisions. The book concludes by discussing unconventional plasmas such as non-neutral and dusty plasmas. Written for beginning graduate students and advanced undergraduates, this text emphasizes the fundamental principles that apply across many different contexts.
Spheromaks are easily formed, self-organized magnetized plasma configurations that have intrigued plasma physicists for over two decades. Sometimes called magnetic vortices, magnetic smoke rings, or plasmoids, spheromaks first attracted attention as a possible controlled thermonuclear plasma confinement scheme, but are now known to have many other applications.This book begins with a review of the basic concepts of magnetohydrodynamics and toroidal magnetic configurations, then provides a detailed exposition of the 3D topological concepts underlying spheromak physics, namely magnetic helicity, Taylor relaxation, force-free equilibria, and tilt stability. It then examines spheromak formation techniques, driven and isolated configurations, dynamo concepts, practical experimental issues, diagnostics, and a number of applications. The book concludes by showing how spheromak ideas are closely related to the physics of solar prominences and interplanetary magnetic clouds./a
Pedagogical in style, this book provides insights into plasma behavior valid over twenty orders of magnitude in both time and space. The book assumes that the reader has a basic knowledge of magnetohydrodynamics and explains topics using detailed theoretical analysis supported by discussion of relevant experiments. This comprehensive approach gives the reader an understanding of the essential theoretical ideas and their application to real situations.The book starts by explaining the topological concept of magnetic helicity and then develops a helicity-based model that predicts the ultimate state towards which magnetically-dominated plasmas evolve. The model predicts that no matter how messy or complicated the dynamics, a great range of plasma configurations always self-organize to a unique, simple final state. This self-organization, called relaxation, is a fundamental concept that unifies understanding of spheromaks, solar corona loops, interplanetary magnetic clouds, and astrophysical jets.After establishing why relaxation occurs, the book then examines how relaxation occurs. It shows that relaxation involves a sequence of complex non-equilibrium dynamics including fast self-collimated plasma jets, kink instabilities, magnetic reconnection, and phenomena outside the realm of magnetohydrodynamics.
EBOOK CLINICAL SPORTS MEDICINE, 5TH EDITION, Volume 1 INJURIES “A striking feature of Clinical Sports Medicine has always been the authors’ relentless commitment to ‘clinical’. This is a unique book.” Dr Emma K Stokes, President, World Confederation for Physical Therapy EDITORS PETER BRUKNER, BEN CLARSEN, JILL COOK, ANN COOLS, KAY CROSSLEY, MARK HUTCHINSON, PAUL McCRORY, ROALD BAHR, KARIM KHAN Brukner & Khan’s Clinical Sports Medicine, the world-leading title in sport and exercise medicine, is an authoritative and practical guide to physiotherapy and musculoskeletal medicine for clinicians and students. To accommodate the rapid advances in the professions, the fifth edition has been expanded into two volumes. This first volume, Clinical Sports Medicine: Injuries, is the essential guide to all aspects of preventing, diagnosing and treating sports-related injuries. It serves physiotherapists, team clinicians, athletic trainers, sports therapists, sports rehabilitators and trainers, as well as students in the health professions and in Human Movement Studies. All chapters have been updated and rewritten by an international team of sports physiotherapists and sports physicians at the top of their fields. More than 550 new figures have been added to bring the total number of illustrations to 1300. There are 15 new chapters, including: • Shoulder pain • Acute knee injuries • Posterior thigh pain • Low back pain • Return to play • Sport-specific biomechanics The second volume, Clinical Sports Medicine: Exercise Medicine, is scheduled for release in 2018 and will focus on the health benefits of exercise and the medical issues in sport. It will serve general practitioners and other clinicians who prescribe exercise to promote health and to treat medical conditions such as heart disease and diabetes. This ebook of Clinical Sports Medicine: Injuries is enhanced with up to 50 instructional videos demonstrating procedures. ABOUT THE AUTHORS PETER BRUKNER OAM, MBBS, FACSEP, FACSM, FFSEM Peter Brukner is a Sport and Exercise Physician and currently the Australian cricket team doctor. He was previously Head of Sports Medicine and Sports Science at the Liverpool Football Club in the UK. Peter is the founding partner of the Olympic Park Sports Medicine Centre, a past president of the Australasian College of Sport and Exercise Physicians, and Professor of Sports Medicine at La Trobe University. Peter has been an Olympic team physician and was the Socceroos team doctor at the 2010 World Cup. In 2005 he was awarded the Order of Australia medal (OAM) for services to sports medicine. KARIM KHAN MD, PhD, MBA, FACSEP, FACSM, FFSEM Karim Khan is a Sport and Exercise Physician and Professor of Sports Medicine at the Department of Family Practice at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. He is Editor in Chief of the British Journal of Sports Medicine (BJSM) and has published more than 300 peer-reviewed research articles. In 2001, he was awarded the Australian Prime Minister’s Medal for service to sports medicine. Karim was profiled in The Lancet in its 2012 Olympic Games issue.
Pedagogical in style, this book provides insights into plasma behavior valid over twenty orders of magnitude in both time and space. The book assumes that the reader has a basic knowledge of magnetohydrodynamics and explains topics using detailed theoretical analysis supported by discussion of relevant experiments. This comprehensive approach gives the reader an understanding of the essential theoretical ideas and their application to real situations.The book starts by explaining the topological concept of magnetic helicity and then develops a helicity-based model that predicts the ultimate state towards which magnetically-dominated plasmas evolve. The model predicts that no matter how messy or complicated the dynamics, a great range of plasma configurations always self-organize to a unique, simple final state. This self-organization, called relaxation, is a fundamental concept that unifies understanding of spheromaks, solar corona loops, interplanetary magnetic clouds, and astrophysical jets.After establishing why relaxation occurs, the book then examines how relaxation occurs. It shows that relaxation involves a sequence of complex non-equilibrium dynamics including fast self-collimated plasma jets, kink instabilities, magnetic reconnection, and phenomena outside the realm of magnetohydrodynamics.
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