By 1952 the Chinese Communist Party had suppressed all organized resistance to its regime and stood unopposed, or so it has been believed. Internal party documents—declassified just long enough for historian Paul Mariani to send copies out of China—disclose that one group deemed an enemy of the state held out after the others had fallen. A party report from Shanghai marked “top-secret” reveals a determined, often courageous resistance by the local Catholic Church. Drawing on centuries of experience in struggling with the Chinese authorities, the Church was proving a stubborn match for the party. Mariani tells the story of how Bishop (later Cardinal) Ignatius Kung Pinmei, the Jesuits, and the Catholic Youth resisted the regime’s punishing assault on the Shanghai Catholic community and refused to renounce the pope and the Church in Rome. Acting clandestinely, mirroring tactics used by the previously underground CCP, Shanghai’s Catholics persevered until 1955, when the party arrested Kung and 1,200 other leading Catholics. The imprisoned believers were later shocked to learn that the betrayal had come from within their own ranks. Though the CCP could not eradicate the Catholic Church in China, it succeeded in dividing it. Mariani’s secret history traces the origins of a deep split in the Chinese Catholic community, where relations between the “Patriotic” and underground churches remain strained even today.
Briefly, we review the basic elements of computability theory and prob ability theory that are required. Finally, in order to place the subject in the appropriate historical and conceptual context we trace the main roots of Kolmogorov complexity. This way the stage is set for Chapters 2 and 3, where we introduce the notion of optimal effective descriptions of objects. The length of such a description (or the number of bits of information in it) is its Kolmogorov complexity. We treat all aspects of the elementary mathematical theory of Kolmogorov complexity. This body of knowledge may be called algo rithmic complexity theory. The theory of Martin-Lof tests for random ness of finite objects and infinite sequences is inextricably intertwined with the theory of Kolmogorov complexity and is completely treated. We also investigate the statistical properties of finite strings with high Kolmogorov complexity. Both of these topics are eminently useful in the applications part of the book. We also investigate the recursion theoretic properties of Kolmogorov complexity (relations with Godel's incompleteness result), and the Kolmogorov complexity version of infor mation theory, which we may call "algorithmic information theory" or "absolute information theory. " The treatment of algorithmic probability theory in Chapter 4 presup poses Sections 1. 6, 1. 11. 2, and Chapter 3 (at least Sections 3. 1 through 3. 4).
Graduate-level coverage of Galois theory, especially development of infinite Galois theory; theory of valuations, prolongation of rank-one valuations, more. Over 200 exercises. Bibliography. "...clear, unsophisticated and direct..." — Math.
The theory of arithmetical functions has always been one of the more active parts of the theory of numbers. The large number of papers in the bibliography, most of which were written in the last forty years, attests to its popularity. Most textbooks on the theory of numbers contain some information on arithmetical functions, usually results which are classical. My purpose is to carry the reader beyond the point at which the textbooks abandon the subject. In each chapter there are some results which can be described as contemporary, and in some chapters this is true of almost all the material. This is an introduction to the subject, not a treatise. It should not be expected that it covers every topic in the theory of arithmetical functions. The bibliography is a list of papers related to the topics that are covered, and it is at least a good approximation to a complete list within the limits I have set for myself. In the case of some of the topics omitted from or slighted in the book, I cite expository papers on those topics.
After a short introduction on the history of programming languages, this book provides step-by-step examples that are mirrored in seven programming languages, including C#, C++, Java, JavaScript, PERL, PHP, Python, Ruby, VB, and VBA. This mirrored approach for each of the examples represents the main feature of the book with the goal of gaining a better understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of programming and scripting languages. This approach also allows readers to learn the mechanics of short implementations and the algorithms involved, no matter what technology and programs are used in the future. Based on the growing need for programmers to be proficient across languages, the book is designed in such a way that no prior training or exposure to the programming languages is needed by readers.
As a palliative medicine physician, you struggle every day to make your patients as comfortable as possible in the face of physically and psychologically devastating circumstances. This new reference equips you with all of today's best international approaches for meeting these complex and multifaceted challenges. In print and online, it brings you the world's most comprehensive, state-of-the-art coverage of your field. You'll find the answers to the most difficult questions you face every day...so you can provide every patient with the relief they need. Equips you to provide today's most effective palliation for terminal malignant diseases • end-stage renal, cardiovascular, respiratory, and liver disorders • progressive neurological conditions • and HIV/AIDS. Covers your complete range of clinical challenges with in-depth discussions of patient evaluation and outcome assessment • ethical issues • communication • cultural and psychosocial issues • research in palliative medicine • principles of drug use • symptom control • nutrition • disease-modifying palliation • rehabilitation • and special interventions. Helps you implement unparalleled expertise and global best practices with advice from a matchless international author team. Provides in-depth guidance on meeting the specific needs of pediatric and geriatric patients. Assists you in skillfully navigating professional issues in palliative medicine such as education and training • administration • and the role of allied health professionals. Includes just enough pathophysiology so you can understand the "whys" of effective decision making, as well as the "how tos." Offers a user-friendly, full-color layout for ease of reference, including color-coded topic areas, mini chapter outlines, decision trees, and treatment algorithms. Comes with access to the complete contents of the book online, for convenient, rapid consultation from any computer.
New motion-preserving devices are revolutionizing spine surgery...but the learning curve for these operations is steep, and great attention must be given to patient and device selection and the perfect execution of each procedure. Only one reference spells out exactly how to perform these new techniques...and its peerless author team, comprised of key investigators involved in the devices' actual clinical trials, is uniquely qualified to help you get the best results! These global leaders in this area discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the full range of non-fusion technologies...and present the step-by-step, richly illustrated operative guidance you need to achieve optimal outcomes! Select the best device and approach for each patient! * cervical total disc arthroplasty * lumbar total disc arthroplasty * lumbar partial disc replacement: nucleus replacement * lumbar posterior dynamic stabilization: pedicle screw based * lumbar posterior dynamic stabilization: interspinous based * lumbar facet replacement Produce optimal outcomes with detailed advice on... * advantages and disadvantages of each option * indications and contraindications * patient selection * interpretation of imaging studies * surgical anatomy and biomechanics * surgical techniques * tips and pearls See how to perform each technique, thanks to step-by-step, full-color illustrations
Uniting dozens of seemingly disparate results from different fields, this book combines concepts from mathematics and computer science to present the first integrated treatment of sequences generated by 'finite automata'. The authors apply the theory to the study of automatic sequences and their generalizations, such as Sturmian words and k-regular sequences. And further, they provide applications to number theory (particularly to formal power series and transcendence in finite characteristic), physics, computer graphics, and music. Starting from first principles wherever feasible, basic results from combinatorics on words, numeration systems, and models of computation are discussed. Thus this book is suitable for graduate students or advanced undergraduates, as well as for mature researchers wishing to know more about this fascinating subject. Results are presented from first principles wherever feasible, and the book is supplemented by a collection of 460 exercises, 85 open problems, and over 1600 citations to the literature.
This 2002 book presents a unique sociological vision of the evolution of jazz in the twentieth century. Analysing organizational structures and competing discourses in American music, Paul Lopes shows how musicians and others transformed the meaning and practice of jazz. Set against the distinct worlds of high art and popular art in America, the rise of a jazz art world is shown to be a unique movement - a socially diverse community struggling in various ways against cultural orthodoxy. Cultural politics in America is shown to be a dynamic, open, and often contradictory process of constant re-interpretation. This work is a compelling social history of American culture that incorporates various voices in jazz, including musicians, critics, collectors, producers and enthusiasts. Accessibly written and interdisciplinary in approach, it will be of great interest to scholars and students of sociology, cultural studies, social history, American studies, African-American studies, and jazz studies.
While most abnormal psychology texts seem to aim solely for breadth, the acclaimed Oxford Textbook of Psychopathology aims for depth, with a focus on adult disorders and special attention given to the personality disorders. Almost a decade has passed since the first edition was published, establishing itself as an unparalleled guide for professionals and graduate students alike, and in this second edition, esteemed editors Paul H. Blaney and Theodore Millon have once again selected the most eminent researchers in abnormal psychology to cover all the major mental disorders, allowing them to discuss notable issues in the various pathologies which are their expertise. This collection exposes readers to exceptional scholarship, a history of psychopathology, the logic of the best approaches to current disorders, and an expert outlook on what future researchers and mental health professionals will be facing in the years to come. With extensive coverage of personality disorders and issues related to classification and differential diagnosis, this volume will be exceptionally useful for all mental health workers, clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, and social workers, and as a textbook focused on understanding psychopathology in depth, as well as a valuable guide for graduate psychology students and psychiatric residents.
A sociotechnical investigation of ubiquitous computing as a research enterprise and as a lived reality. Ubiquitous computing (or ubicomp) is the label for a “third wave” of computing technologies. Following the eras of the mainframe computer and the desktop PC, ubicomp is characterized by small and powerful computing devices that are worn, carried, or embedded in the world around us. The ubicomp research agenda originated at Xerox PARC in the late 1980s; these days, some form of that vision is a reality for the millions of users of Internet-enabled phones, GPS devices, wireless networks, and "smart" domestic appliances. In Divining a Digital Future, computer scientist Paul Dourish and cultural anthropologist Genevieve Bell explore the vision that has driven the ubiquitous computing research program and the contemporary practices that have emerged—both the motivating mythology and the everyday messiness of lived experience. Reflecting the interdisciplinary nature of the authors' collaboration, the book takes seriously the need to understand ubicomp not only technically but also culturally, socially, politically, and economically. Dourish and Bell map the terrain of contemporary ubiquitous computing, in the research community and in daily life; explore dominant narratives in ubicomp around such topics as infrastructure, mobility, privacy, and domesticity; and suggest directions for future investigation, particularly with respect to methodology and conceptual foundations.
Shows that a rising antipathy in Ireland toward Victorian Britain's expanding global imperialism was a crucial factor in popular support for Irish Home Rule.
Written by an ophthalmologist and a neurologist with more than 30 years experience between them, this is the first book devoted specifically to differential diagnosis in neuro-ophthalmology. The expanded and updated second edition uses an evidence-based approach to link symptoms to specific findings, and covers all major advances in the field.The book utilizes a series of easy-to-follow pathways - supported by helpful tables and expertly written text - to help you walk through any clinical situation and confidently reach a diagnosis. Topics covered include: optic neuritis, diplopia, lid retraction, nerve palsies, and much more!Benefit from these key features:- Emphasis on cost-effective, evidence-based techniques- Coverage of new topics such as optic nerve glioma, meningiomas, and papilledema- Valuable tables of pathologies and clinical findings that help detect unusual signs and avoid common misinterpretations- Practical, easy-to-use format - written with the front line clinician in mind- Thousands of useful and updated referencesHere is an invaluable resource for all ophthalmologists, neurosurgeons, and neurologists who need the latest diagnostic and treatment techniques for neuro-ophthalmologic disorders. Residents and students will find it an outstanding introduction to the field.
This book is the final version of the widely-circulated 1993 Technical Report that introduces a conception of grammar in which well-formedness is defined as optimality with respect to a ranked set of universal constraints. Final version of the widely circulated 1993 Technical Report that was the seminal work in Optimality Theory, never before available in book format. Serves as an excellent introduction to the principles and practice of Optimality Theory. Offers proposals and analytic commentary that suggest many directions for further development for the professional.
The most in-depth Stealth fighter book ever follows the development, operation, technology, testing, and history of the F-117 Nighthawk. A special section details F-117 combat operations in Panama and the Gulf War.
A comprehensive overview on the management of clinically important neuro-ophthalmic disorders It is paramount for clinicians to understand the distinguishing signs and symptoms among many different local and systemic neuro-ophthalmic disorders in order to provide the most efficacious evaluations and treatments. Clinical Pathways in Neuro-Ophthalmology: An Evidence-Based Approach, Third Edition reflects the authors' extensive training and experience in the field of neuro-ophthalmology, as well as updates in the field. Stacy Smith, Andrew Lee, Paul Brazis, and an impressive group of contributors have written an unsurpassed learning tool on how to manage patients with known or presumed neuro-ophthalmologic conditions, in the most logical, straightforward, and cost-effective manner. The authors share significant clinical pearls and knowledge throughout 20 chapters. The book lays a solid foundation on the management of neurologic eye disorders including symptoms, ophthalmologic testing, diagnosis, and treatment. Among the discussed disorders are anterior and retrobulbar optic neuropathies, disorders of ocular motility and alignment, lid abnormalities, and anisocoria. Insights are provided on key topics including the use of office examinations, laboratory tests, and neuroimaging studies to make an ophthalmologic diagnosis; and ophthalmologic therapy to treat eye movement disorders such as nystagmus. Key Highlights Unique graphic algorithms help clinicians differentiate conditions with frequently overlapping clinical manifestations The evaluation and treatment of various neuro-ophthalmologic processes, stratified by four classes of evidence and four levels of clinical recommendation A basic set of references for each subject enables readers to expand knowledge High quality four-color clinical images enhance learning This book is essential reading for neuro-ophthalmologists, ophthalmologists, neurologists, and residents and fellows in these fields of medicine.
Clinical Ultrasound has been thoroughly revised and updated by a brand new editorial team in order to incorporate the latest scanning technologies and their clinical applications in both adult and paediatric patients. With over 4,000 high-quality illustrations, the book covers the entire gamut of organ systems and body parts where this modality is useful. It provides the ultrasound practitioner with a comprehensive, authoritative guide to image diagnosis and interpretation. Colour is now incorporated extensively throughout this edition in order to reflect the advances in clinical Doppler, power Doppler, contrast agents. Each chapter now follows a consistent organizational structure and now contains numerous summary boxes and charts in order to make the diagnostic process practical and easy to follow. Covering all of the core knowledge, skills and experience as recommended by the Royal College of Radiologists, it provides the Fellow with a knowledge base sufficient to pass professional certification examinations and provides the practitioner with a quick reference on all currently available diagnostic and therapeutic ultrasound imaging procedures. - Individual chapters organized around common template therefore establishing a consistent diagnostic approach throughout the text and making the information easier to retrieve. - Access the full text online and download images via Expert Consult. - Three brand new editors and many new contributing authors bring a fresh perspective on the content. - Authoritative coverage of the most recent advances and latest developments in cutting edge technologies such as: colour Doppler, power Doppler, 3D and 4D applications, harmonic imaging, high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) microbubble contrast agents, interventional ultrasound , laparoscopic ultrasound brings this edition right up to date in terms of the changes in technology and the increasing capabilities/applications of ultrasound equipment. - New sections on musculoskeletal imaging. - Addition of coloured text, tables, and charts throughout will facilitate quick review and enhance comprehension.
Hugely respected, extensively quoted and widely regarded as the 'bible' of Ripper studies, The Complete Jack the Ripper A to Z is the ultimate reference for anyone fascinated by the Jack the Ripper mystery. This new, rewritten, up-to-date edition includes sources and well over 100 photographs.The Complete jack the Ripper A-Z has an entry for almost every person involved in the case, from suspects and witnesses to policemen and journalists, plus the ordinary people who became caught up in the unfolding drama.Written by three of the world's leading authorities on the case, it takes a completely objective look at theories old and new, describes all the key Ripper books and gives potted biographies of many of the authors.Whether you are new to the mystery of Jack the Ripper or an experienced 'Ripperologist' The Complete Jack the Ripper A-Z will keep you turning the pages. Fascinating and entertaining reading in its own right, it is the essential reference to have beside you when you venture into the dark alleys of Victorian Whitechapel.
From the development of each vaccine to its use in reducing disease, Plotkin's Vaccines, 7th Edition, provides the expert information you need to provide optimal care to your patients. This award-winning text offers a complete understanding of each disease, as well as the latest knowledge of both existing vaccines and those currently in research and development. Described by Bill Gates as "an indispensable guide to the enhancement of the well-being of our world," Plotkin's Vaccines is a must-have reference for current, authoritative information in this fast-moving field. - Includes complete information for each disease, including clinical characteristics, microbiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment, epidemiology, and public health and regulatory issues – plus complete information for each vaccine, including its stability, immunogenicity, efficacy, duration of immunity, adverse events, indications, contraindications, precautions, administration with other vaccines, and disease-control strategies. - Analyzes the cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness of different vaccine options. - Helps you clearly visualize concepts and objective data through an abundance of tables and figures. - Covers the new oral cholera and zoster vaccines, as well as newly licensed meningococcal group B vaccines and a newly licensed dengue vaccine. - Brings you up to date on successful human trials of Ebola vaccines, an enterovirus 71 vaccine licensed in China, and new recommendations and changes to polio vaccines. - Features a new chapter on maternal immunization. - Expert ConsultTM eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
From the latest vaccination evidence, recommendations, and protocols . . . to new vaccine development and the use of vaccines in reducing disease, Plotkin's Vaccines, 8th Edition, covers every aspect of vaccination. Now completely revised and updated from cover to cover, this award-winning text continues to provide reliable information from global authorities, offering a complete understanding of each disease, as well as the latest knowledge of both existing vaccines and those currently in research and development. Described by Bill Gates as "an indispensable guide to the enhancement of the well-being of our world," Plotkin's Vaccines is a must-have reference for current, authoritative information in this fast-moving field. - Contains all-new chapters on COVID-19, vaccine hesitancy, and non-specific effects of vaccines, as well as significantly revised content on new vaccine technologies such as mRNA vaccines, emerging vaccines, and technologies to improve immunization. - Presents exciting new data on evolution of adjuvants across the centuries, dengue vaccines, human papillomavirus vaccines, respiratory syncytial virus vaccines, tuberculosis vaccines, and zoster vaccines. - Provides up-to-date, authoritative information on vaccine production, available preparations, efficacy and safety, and recommendations for vaccine use, with rationales and data on the impact of vaccination programs on morbidity and mortality. - Provides complete coverage of each disease, including clinical characteristics, microbiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment, as well as epidemiology and public health and regulatory issues. - Keeps you up to date with information on each vaccine, including its stability, immunogenicity, efficacy, duration of immunity, adverse events, indications, contraindications, precautions, administration with other vaccines, and disease-control strategies. - Covers vaccine-preventable diseases, vaccine science, and licensed vaccine products, as well as product technologies and global regulatory and public health issues. - Analyzes the cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness of different vaccine options. - Helps you clearly visualize concepts and objective data through an abundance of tables and figures. - Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
V. 1 The plant cell. v. 2. Metabolism and respiration. v. 3. Carbohydrates. v. 4. Lipids. v. 5. Amino acids and derivates. v. 6. Proteins and nucleic acids. v. 7. Secondary plant products. v. 8. Photosynthesis. v. 9. Lipids: structure a nd function. v. 10. Photosynthesis. v. 11. Biochemistry of metabolism. v. 12. P hysiology of metabolism. v. 13. Methodology. v. 14. Carbohydrates. v. 15. Molecular biology. v.16. Intermediary nitrogen metabolism.
Social Movements have become a central focus of political study in recent years. Paul Byrne's accessible account of British Social movements introduces students to the relevant theories, and puts them into practice by examining groups such as Greenpeace, Friends of the Earth, the Women's Movement and the Green Party. Byrne goes on to look at how the British scene compares with what is happening in the rest of Europe and in America.
This two volume set contains comprehensive coverage of management of disorders of the adult hip. It includes all arthroscopic and open procedures as well as extensive coverage of equipment and prostheses.
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