One approach to organic synthesis is retrosynthetic analysis. With this approach chemists start with the structures of their target molecules and progressively cut bonds to create simpler molecules. Reversing this process gives a synthetic route to the target molecule from simpler starting materials. This “disconnection” approach to synthesis is now a fundamental part of every organic synthesis course. Workbook for Organic Synthesis: The Disconnection Approach, 2nd Edition This workbook provides a comprehensive graded set of problems to illustrate and develop the themes of each of the chapters in the textbook Organic Synthesis: The Disconnection Approach, 2nd Edition. Each problem is followed by a fully explained solution and discussion. The examples extend the student’s experience of the types of molecules being synthesised by organic chemists, and the strategies they employ to control their syntheses. By working through these examples students will develop their skills in analysing synthetic challenges, and build a toolkit of strategies for planning new syntheses. Examples are drawn from pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, natural products, pheromones, perfumery and flavouring compounds, dyestuffs, monomers, and intermediates used in more advanced synthetic work. Reasons for wishing to synthesise each compound are given. Together the workbook and textbook provide a complete course in retrosynthetic analysis. Organic Synthesis: The Disconnection Approach, 2nd Edition There are forty chapters in Organic Synthesis: The Disconnection Approach, 2nd Edition: those on the synthesis of given types of molecules alternate with strategy chapters in which the methods just learnt are placed in a wider context. The synthesis chapters cover many ways of making each type of molecule starting with simple aromatic and aliphatic compounds with one functional group and progressing to molecules with many functional groups. The strategy chapters cover questions of selectivity, protection, stereochemistry, and develop more advanced thinking via reagents specifically designed for difficult problems. In its second edition updated examples and techniques are included and illustrated additional material has been added to take the student to the level required by the sequel, Organic Synthesis: Strategy and Control. Several chapters contain extensive new material based on courses that the authors give to chemists in the pharmaceutical industry. Workbook for Organic Synthesis: The Disconnection Approach, 2nd edition, combined with the main textbook, provides a full course in retrosynthetic analysis for chemistry and biochemistry students, and a refresher course for organic chemists working in industry and academia.
Part of a series of detailed reference manuals on American economic history, this volume examines the aspects and problems of land policies and the growth in farming during the mid-1800s.
One approach to organic synthesis is retrosynthetic analysis. With this approach a chemist will start with the structure of their target molecule and progressively cut bonds to create simpler molecules. Reversing this process gives a synthetic route to the target molecule from simpler starting materials. This “disconnection” approach to synthesis is now a fundamental part of every organic synthesis course. Organic Synthesis: The Disconnection Approach, 2nd Edition introduces this important technique, to help students to design their own organic syntheses. There are forty chapters: those on the synthesis of given types of molecules alternate with strategy chapters in which the methods just learnt are placed in a wider context. The synthesis chapters cover many ways of making each type of molecule starting with simple aromatic and aliphatic compounds with one functional group and progressing to molecules with many functional groups. The strategy chapters cover questions of selectivity, protection, stereochemistry, and develop more advanced thinking via reagents specifically designed for difficult problems. Examples are drawn from pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, natural products, pheromones, perfumery and flavouring compounds, dyestuffs, monomers, and intermediates used in more advanced synthetic work. Reasons for wishing to synthesise each compound are given. This second edition has been fully revised and updated with a modern look. Recent examples and techniques are included and illustrated additional material has been added to take the student to the level required by the sequel, “Organic Synthesis: Strategy and Control”. Several chapters contain extensive new material based on courses that the authors give to chemists in the pharmaceutical industry. Organic Synthesis: The Disconnection Approach, 2nd edition provides a full course in retrosynthetic analysis for chemistry and biochemistry students and a refresher for organic chemists working in industry and academia.
This new, thoroughly updated third edition of Bradt’s Lebanon remains the only English-language guide dedicated to the smallest country on the Asian continent. Comprehensively updated throughout to reflect recent economic, political and social changes, it includes revised and new listings for hotels, restaurants, and what to see and do, catering for all types of travellers and budgets. Although only half the size of Wales, Lebanon offers extraordinary diversity. Some of the world’s oldest human settlements, including the Phoenician ports of Tyre and Byblos – two of Lebanon’s five World Heritage sites – sit alongside modern Beirut. The absorbing capital is popular for its world-renowned cuisine, eclectic nightlife, mosaic of peoples and kaleidoscope of religions. In Lebanon's second city, Tripoli, busy medieval souks are watched over by a vast Crusader castle. Nearby, snow-capped mountains and the lush Qadisha Valley with its snaking river and waterfalls provide entertainment for skiers and hikers (the latter also well served by the Lebanon Mountain Trail, which runs virtually the length of the country). Three hundred days of sunshine per year makes Lebanon a ‘go anytime’ destination, with the Mediterranean coastline particularly drawing sun-seekers and watersports enthusiasts. Wildlife-lovers can enjoy Shouf Biosphere Reserve (with its famed cedar trees, the national emblem) and the Aammiq Wetlands, while Lebanon has become a major destination for religious tourism, and vinophiles can visit numerous Bekaa Valley wineries of international repute. Bradt's Lebanon offers detailed coverage of areas ignored by other guides, particularly the country’s south, as well as more extensive cultural and practical information. New for this edition are specialist features on aspects of Lebanese cultural life, additional background information, updates on work to rebuild Beirut following the 2020 explosion, extended and revised coverage of the Aammiq Wetlands, new and updated maps, and new visitor attractions including the MIM mineral museum and the Middle East’s first chocolate museum, both in Beirut. With a comprehensive language appendix covering both Arabic and French, detailed historical and religious background that helps visitors travel with awareness and sensitivity, and in-depth travel information, Bradt's Lebanon is an indispensable practical companion to visiting this excitingly varied country.
The first place-by-place chronology of U.S. history, this book offers the student, researcher, or traveller a handy guide to find all the most important events that have occurred at any locality in the United States.
Voyage is a French course with grammar and progression at its heart designed to help teachers cover all the requirements of the National Curriculum. The course provides clear explanantions and a variety of practice activities, making learning and teaching easier. It fully integrates differentiation to meet the needs of a wide-ability range and includes regular assessments such as end-of-unit tests at Key Stage 3 and examination practice at Key Stage 4. It addresses the information and communication technology component of the National Curriculum.
Eucharistic Origins was published a number of years ago. This revised edition continues to incorporate the work of the latest liturgical scholars in establishing that the earliest Christian celebrations arose out of varied forms of their ritual meals, and not out of the Last Supper. The custom of centering Christian practice in ritual meals seems to have lasted for about one hundred and fifty years before it began to be replaced by morning meetings at which the sacrament was distributed, and subsequently by a complete celebration of the Eucharist. It is here, in the third and fourth centuries, and not in the distant Jewish past, that the forms of the classical eucharistic prayers emerged and developed. The most important of these are presented in full, and their theology discussed.
A conceptual overview of all relevant topics of small unit tactics every Special Forces soldier ought to be familiar with in order to be effective on the today's battlefield. Learn about: the Heritage, Lineage and Legacy of the Army Special Forces; Leadership; Tactics; Combat and Reconnaissance Patrols; Planning; Close Quarter Battle; Counterinsurgency; Intro to SF Missions; Small Arms.
Exam board: AQA, Edexcel, OCR, WJEC/Eduqas Level: A-level Subject: French First teaching: September 2016 First exams: Summer 2017 (AS) Summer 2018 (A-level) Make French grammar second nature with this trusted reference book containing over 300 activities - now completely revised in line with the new A-level specifications. - Supplement key resources in class or encourage independent practice at home, with clear explanations of the grammar points needed at A-level and knowledge-check exercises throughout - Prepare for assessment with longer application activities focused on developing writing skills such as translation and summary - Build confidence as exercises get increasingly more challenging to mirror students' advancement throughout the course - Check students' progress with regular grammar tests and all answers supplied online
*Shortlisted for the 2019 Royal Society Insight Investment Science Book Prize* One of the most fascinating scientific detective stories of the last fifty years, an exciting quest for a new form of matter. “A riveting tale of derring-do” (Nature), this book reads like James Gleick’s Chaos combined with an Indiana Jones adventure. When leading Princeton physicist Paul Steinhardt began working in the 1980s, scientists thought they knew all the conceivable forms of matter. The Second Kind of Impossible is the story of Steinhardt’s thirty-five-year-long quest to challenge conventional wisdom. It begins with a curious geometric pattern that inspires two theoretical physicists to propose a radically new type of matter—one that raises the possibility of new materials with never before seen properties, but that violates laws set in stone for centuries. Steinhardt dubs this new form of matter “quasicrystal.” The rest of the scientific community calls it simply impossible. The Second Kind of Impossible captures Steinhardt’s scientific odyssey as it unfolds over decades, first to prove viability, and then to pursue his wildest conjecture—that nature made quasicrystals long before humans discovered them. Along the way, his team encounters clandestine collectors, corrupt scientists, secret diaries, international smugglers, and KGB agents. Their quest culminates in a daring expedition to a distant corner of the Earth, in pursuit of tiny fragments of a meteorite forged at the birth of the solar system. Steinhardt’s discoveries chart a new direction in science. They not only change our ideas about patterns and matter, but also reveal new truths about the processes that shaped our solar system. The underlying science is important, simple, and beautiful—and Steinhardt’s firsthand account is “packed with discovery, disappointment, exhilaration, and persistence...This book is a front-row seat to history as it is made” (Nature).
Abrahamu thought of all the children at Rethy Academy as his children. He would give each of the boys some fatherly advice when they left after tenth grade: “Utakwenda America. Utakwenda Université. Utakamata Bebe Yako. Utarudi Hapa Rethy” “Go to America, go to university, take a wife and come back to Rethy.” He didn’t give any specifics. The instructions were part of his saying goodbye as was his request for shoes. Beginning with navigating relationships in America as a third culture kid, Paul Brown’s life blossoms into serving God as a missionary in Africa. There, his journey is filled with endeavors such as leading the installation of a hydroelectric plant and establishing an FM radio station. All while raising a family of six kids with his wife Ellen Brown in a remote area of the world amid rising tribal tensions. In Paul’s life, the willingness of God to use the weak appears again and again. The product is a testament to what God is able to do with a life surrendered wholly to him.
More than 140 entries in this book depict events which have had lasting national significance in opening opportunities in the struggle for equal civil rights and opportunities for women. The impact of many of the included events was initially felt on a local level; but in time it created repercussions that spread across the country. These stories show women assuming roles of providers and heads of households, and their leadership, exerted in and outside the home, would often manifest in the community at large and, in turn, in the nation and in the world. The book is divided into four parts: OneThe Seeds Are planted; Two19th CenturyThe Movement Takes Root; Three20th CenturyReaching for the Sunlight; Four21st CenturyComing into Full Bloom. The book begins with Anne Hutchinson and Mary Dyer and ends with Condoleezza Rice, Nan
The J. Paul Getty Museum Journal 13 is a compendium of articles and notes pertaining to the Museum's permanent collections of antiquities, decorative arts, drawings, paintings, and photographs. This volume includes a supplement introduced by John Walsh with a fully illustrated checklist of the Getty’s recent acquisitions. Volume 13 includes articles written by Helayna I. Thickpenny, Michael Pfrommer, Klaus Parlasca, Heidemaire Koch, Jean-Dominique Augarde, Colin Streeter, Gillian Wilson, Charissa Bremer-David, C. Gay Nieda, Adrian Sassoon, Selma Holo, Marcel Roethlisberger, Louise Lippincott, Mark Leonard, Burton B. Fredericksen, Nigel Glendinning, Eleanor Sayre, and William Innes Homer.
Josiah Wakefield and his friend Dan Sturgis are buffalo hunters on the Northern Plains of Nebraska, shortly after the Civil War. Their job is to provide meat for the labourers pushing the Union Pacific Railroad relentlessly westward. Tiring of the bloody slaughter, they find work as trouble-shooters for the same railroad, as Sioux warriors are attacking the supply trains and tracklayers. However, the pair quickly discover that someone is supplying the Indians with repeating rifles, and that stolen 'Double Eagles' are the incentive. Recovering the gold turns out to be relatively simple: keeping hold of it is something else entirely. Even the Missouri River seems to be against them. Unsure who they can trust, they return to the railhead. Here, in a familiar environment, they decide to make a stand against all comers, in the hope that they can finally bring the ringleader to account.
This book, 'Mountain High' relates 28 exciting, outdoor adventures and details the lighter, comical side of climbing, camping, and backpacking. Many of the stories take place in extreme winter conditions. Illustrated with more than 60 photographs.
The Lawrence raid of August 21, 1863, was considered one of the bloodiest events of the Civil War. The actions that brought on the raid are researched and explored in depth here for the very first time. What is discovered is a collusion in a "legacy of lies" that surrounded the stories of the raid.
This is a comprehensive and highly emotive volume, borne of years of intensive research and many trips to the battlefields of the Great War. It seeks to humanize the Menin Gate Memorial (North), to offer the reader a chance to engage with the personal stories of the soldiers whose names have been chiseled there in stone. Poignant stories of camaraderie, tragic twists of fate and noble sacrifice have been collated in an attempt to bring home the reality of war and the true extent of its tragic cost. It is hoped that visitors to the battlefields, whether their relatives are listed within or not, will find their experience enriched by having access to this treasure trove of stories.
Born during the Great Depression and the height of the modernist/fundamentalist controversies, Paul Emanuel Larsen entered pastoral ministries in the late fifties. Rooted in historical evangelical theology, he embarked on church planting through expository preaching and evangelism. In the mid-sixties, he also became politically involved in the civil rights movement. For over twenty-seven years, he pastored three churches while pursuing advanced pastoral doctoral studies. In 1986, he was elected president of his denomination, the Evangelical Covenant Church. During his twelve years of service, he became involved in both national and international ecumenical affairs. For twelve years, he served as chair of the Annual Meeting of all United States Church Leaders. This included heads of Roman Catholic, Orthodox, mainline Protestant, and evangelical denominations. He aided his church in its emergence from its Swedish immigrant culture and its efforts to become an ethnically inclusive church body. During his tenure, the church grew by more than 50 percent. Retiring at age sixty-five, he spent the next twenty years pursuing evangelization and social justice on behalf of more than a half billion Indian Other Backward Castes and Dalits. He was the founding chair of both Truthseekers International USA and the William Carey Heritage Foundation. The former worked among the poorest of the poor, while the latter developed the first Indian university-accredited evangelical PhD in Christian studies. This book chronicles the way one pastor has sought to navigate the harsh ongoing polarizations in theology, race, and politics.
Through a detailed re-reading of Saussures's work in the light of contemporary developments in the human, life and physical sciences, Paul Thibault provides us with the means to redefine and refocus our theories of social meaning-making. Saussure's theory of language is generally considered to be a formal theory of abstract sign-types and sign-systems, separate from our individual and social practices of making meaning. In this challenging book, Thibault presents a different view of Saussure. Paying close attention to the original texts, including the Cours de Linguistic Generale he demonstrates that Saussure was centrally concerned with trying to formulate a theory of how meanings are made.Re-reading Saussure does more than simply engage with Saussure's theory in a new and up-to-date way, however. In addition to demonstrating the continuing viability of Saussure's thinking through a range of examples, it makes an important intervention in contemporary linguistic and semiotic debate.
Ever wonder what it would be like to play the same golf courses as celebrities such as Tiger Woods, Gary Player, Mark O’Meara, and even Babe Ruth? A celebrity in his own right, Donald Ross created many of the best golf courses ever designed. Here is the definitive collection of golf courses in the United States created by Ross, the most prolific and renowned golf course designer of all time. Paul and B. J. Dunn have collected all the information you need in order to find and play the more than one-hundred public, semi-private, and resort golf courses in the United States, all designed by Ross.
Community colleges evolved in Canada during the "golden years" of educational innovation between 1960 and 1975. A diversity of factors - historical, socio-economic, political and educational - contributed to the development of college systems with distinctive goals and structures. This book is the first up-to-date and comprehensive study of a potent national educational and social phenomenon, largely unknown and largely unappreciated. The authors describe provincial and territorial college systems as they have evolved to 1985, discussing problems particular to each system and evaluating the extent to which often idealistic early goals have been realized. They identify key issues which are critical to the future of these systems and which, if ignored, will undermine community college education across Canada. These include accessibility, identity, relations with governments, management and leadership, and evaluation and accountability. In each case the authors draw upon their own expertise and experience to describe directions for resolution of these issues. The book contains a comprehensive and topical bibliography of both published and unpublished material related to many aspects of Canadian community college development. It also includes a French language bibliography. Unique in many aspects, this book is designed to interest both graduate and undergraduate students in adult and higher education and administration as well as those directly involved in community colleges, government education ministries and a broad lay public.
This cross-disciplinary book, situated on the periphery of culture, employs humour to better comprehend the arts, the outsider and exclusion, illuminating the ever-changing social landscape, the vagaries of taste and limits of political correctness. Each chapter deals with specific themes and approaches – from the construct of outsider and complexity of humour, to Outsider Art and spaces – using various theoretical and analytical methods. Paul Clements draws on humour, especially from visual arts and culture (and to a lesser extent literature, film, music and performance), as a tool of ridicule, amongst other discourses, employed by the powerful but also as a weapon to satirize them. These ambiguous representations vary depending on context, often assimilated then reinterpreted in a game of authenticity that is poignant in a world of facsimile and 'fake news'. The humour styles of a range of artists are highlighted to reveal the fluidity and diversity of meaning which challenges expectations and at its best offers resistance and, crucially, a voice for the marginal. This book will be of particular interest to scholars in art history, cultural studies, fine art, humour studies and visual culture.
This two-volume encyclopedia offers a unique insight into the Civil War from a state and local perspective, showing how the American experience of the conflict varied significantly based on location. Intended for general-interest readers and high school and college students, American Civil War: A State-by-State Encyclopedia serves as a unique ready reference that documents the important contributions of each individual state to the American Civil War and underscores the similarities and differences between the states, both in the North and the South. Each state chapter leads off with an overview essay about that state's involvement in the war and then presents entries on prominent population centers, manufacturing facilities, and military posts within each state; important battles or other notable events that occurred within that state during the war; and key individuals from each state, both civilian and military. The A–Z entries within each state chapter enable readers to understand how the specific contributions and political climate of states resulted in the very different situations each state found itself in throughout the war. The set also provides a detailed chronology that will help students place important events in proper order.
Want a Faster and More Powerful PC? It's There on Your Desk. Eventually, it will be time to buy a new PC or put money into an upgrade, but Microsoft Windows XP Power Optimization shows you how to get the most out of your current equipment right now, simply by tuning your Windows setup. These professional techniques range from the basic to the advanced, and they can be used to achieve both targeted improvement and better overall system performance. In every area, the gains can be immense, and the time it takes is minimal. Coverage includes: Enhancing performance by removing unneeded items Making smart tradeoffs Safely removing unneeded registry entries Using command-line utilities Keeping Internet Explorer under control Making simple but effective system tweaks Creating a comprehensive archival system Monitoring your system for performance concerns Keeping your system in peak operating condition Understanding the connection between user activity and system performance Automating cleanup and maintenance tasks Keeping your PC safe from viruses and human intruders Catching and correcting mistakes System Optimized—What's Next? Once you've helped your system live up to its potential, help yourself by turning to Microsoft Windows XP Power Productivity, also from Sybex. You'll find expert instruction on harnessing native Windows functionality and third-party utilities to work faster and smarter.
Reprint of the original, first published in 1872. The publishing house Anatiposi publishes historical books as reprints. Due to their age, these books may have missing pages or inferior quality. Our aim is to preserve these books and make them available to the public so that they do not get lost.
An engagingly-written account of mathematical tools and ideas, this book provides a graduate-level introduction to the mathematics used in research in physics. The first half of the book focuses on the traditional mathematical methods of physics – differential and integral equations, Fourier series and the calculus of variations. The second half contains an introduction to more advanced subjects, including differential geometry, topology and complex variables. The authors' exposition avoids excess rigor whilst explaining subtle but important points often glossed over in more elementary texts. The topics are illustrated at every stage by carefully chosen examples, exercises and problems drawn from realistic physics settings. These make it useful both as a textbook in advanced courses and for self-study. Password-protected solutions to the exercises are available to instructors at www.cambridge.org/9780521854030.
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