Many readers of the Bible believe that interpreting the Scriptures well simply involves a two-way dialogue between themselves and the text. Implied in this view is the idea that we can simply jump over two thousand years of biblical interpretation. However, if we believe that God has been speaking through the Bible to devout believers throughout history it would seem that we should find a way to identify the insights they perceived in the text so that we can learn to read these sacred texts with them. Drawing on resources from Reception Theory, the goal of 'Reading the Bible with the Giants' is to enable the contemporary reader to interpret the Bible in dialogue with those who have gone before us.
This is a major study of the theological thought of John Calvin, which examines his central theological ideas through a philosophical lens, looking at issues in Metaphysics, Epistemology, and Ethics. The study, the first of its kind, is concerned with how Calvin actually uses philosophical ideas in his work as a theologian and biblical commentator. The book also includes a careful examination of those ideas of Calvin to which the Reformed Epistemologists appeal, to find grounds and precedent for their development of `Reformed Epistemology', notably the sensus divinitatis and the internal testimony of the Holy Spirit.
Winner of the Sixteenth Century Society's Roland H. Bainton Prize for History or Theology Paul C. H. Lim offers an insightful examination of the polemical debates about the doctrine of the Trinity in seventeenth-century England, showing that the philosophical and theological re-configuration of this doctrine had a significant impact on the politics of religion in the early modern period. Lim's analysis of these heated polemics shows how Trinitarian God-talk became untenable in many ecclesiastical and philosophical circles, leading to the emergence of Unitarianism. He demonstrates that those who continued to uphold Trinitarian doctrine articulated their piety and theological perspectives in an increasingly secularized culture of discourse. Drawing on both unexplored manuscripts and well-known treatises of Continental and English provenance, he uncovers the complex layers of the polemic: from biblical exegesis to reception history of patristic authorities, from popular religious radicalism during the Civil War to Puritan spirituality, from Continental Socinians to English anti-Trinitarians who claimed an independent theological identity, from the notion of the Platonic captivity of primitive Christianity to that of Plato as "Moses Atticus." Among this book's surprising findings are that Anti-Trinitarian sentiment arose in a Puritan ambience in which biblical literalism overrode rationalistic presuppositions, and that theology and philosophy were more closely connected during this period than previously thought. Mystery Unveiled fills a significant lacuna in early modern English intellectual history.
As a theologian in the Reformed tradition, covenant theology was for Jonathan Edwards the internal scaffolding that gave shape to the biblical story of redemption. The establishment of the eternal rule of righteousness as the basis of the believer’s communion with God and eternal happiness is a central theme beginning with the Covenant of Works, grounded in the eternal Covenant of Redemption, and culminating in the Covenant of Grace. It is the basis for the law-gospel distinction in Edwards and the early architects of federal theology. For the “God intoxicated” New England Puritan preacher, this was no dry academic exercise. Rather, it was a joyous and affectionate discovery and embrace of what God had ordained in eternity, what Christ accomplished in history on the cross, and what the Holy Spirit is doing and will complete in the church. This study grew out of current discussions in Reformed scholarship questioning aspects of traditional covenant theology. As a key transitional figure in the history of Reformed theology, Edwards’s thinking is still relevant. The richness and depth of Edwards’s vision of redemptive history provides a clear and comprehensive understanding of his Reformed soteriology and the role of evangelical obedience in justification.
Few teachings of the Puritans have provoked such strong reactions and conflicting interpretations as their views on preparing for saving faith. Many twentieth-century scholars dismissed preparation as a prime example of regression from the Reformed doctrine of grace for a man-centered legalism. In Prepared by Grace, for Grace , Joel Beeke and Paul Smalley make careful analysis of the Puritan understanding of preparatory grace, demonstrate its fundamental continuity with the Reformed tradition, and identify matters where even the Puritans disagreed among themselves. Clearing away the many misconceptions and associated accusations of preparationism, this study is sure to be the standard work on how the Puritans understood the ordinary way God leads sinners to Christ. Table of Contents: Introduction: The Question of Preparationism 1. Preparation and Modern Scholarship 2. Precedents to Puritan Preparation: Augustine to Calvin 3. Preparation and Early English Puritans: Perkins, Sibbes, and Preston 4. Preparation for Conversion: William Ames 5. Preparation in Early New England (I): Thomas Hooker 6. Preparation in Early New England (II): Shepard and Pemble 7. Preparation and the Antinomian Controversy: John Cotton 8. Preparation at the Pinnacle of Puritanism: Westminster, Burroughs, and Guthrie 9. Preparation under a Scholastic Lens: Norton 10. Preparation and Later Puritan Critiques: Goodwin and Firmin 11. Later Puritan Preparation: Flavel and Bunyan 12. Jonathan Edwards and Seeking God 13. Continental Reformed Perspectives: Zwingli to Witsius 14. The Grace of Preparation for Faith Appendix: William Ames's Theological Disputation on Preparation
In this volume, Avis gives an account of Reformation ecclesiology that had not been treated in any systematic or comparative way before: the doctrine of the true Church and its marks; the structure of the ministry in the true Church; and the rise of Protestant missionary concern -- the mission of the true Church in Christendom and beyond.
Volume II covers the poems of Dryden from 1682 to 1685. Together with volume one, the work forms the first part of the most informative and accessible edition of Dryden's poetry, providing an invaluable resource for students of Restoration culture.
Is Christian belief tenable today? Is it possible to be a creedal Christian? With the help of Martin Luther, Paul Hinlicky here explores classical Christian beliefs regarding the person and work of Christ and human nature and destiny. He also counters contemporary objections to creedal faith, from the so-called new perspective on Paul to Pope Benedict s rejection of the Augsburg Confession to the continuing challenge of Marx. Luther and the Beloved Community does not present Luther s medieval thought as a possibility for today, but does make him available for the future as a teacher of the faith and a help for tackling contemporary questions of Christian belief. According to Hinlicky, Luther is misused and misunderstood by those of his own tradition and needs to be understood not as hero of the faith but rather as the proponent of a beloved community that does not yet fully exist. In performing this makeover, Hinlicky reveals genuine new insights concealed within Luther s rhetoric.
John Calvin has been the subject of widespread misunderstanding and misinterpretation. He is a figure whom other theologians either seek to "capture" to endorse their own, often very different, positions or whom they seek to vilify. Calvin: A Guide for the Perplexed attempts to "re-situate" Calvin by providing a mid-level introduction to his thought. As befits the series, special attention is given to Calvin's thought, not on his character or career. The focus here is not only on Calvin's theological positions, but also on the philosophy intertwined within them, the significance of which is often overlooked.
In Public Theology and Civil Society, author Paul S. Chung charts the political history of modern democracy and social contract to define the role of Christian public theology in the post-colonial era. Capturing the thought of Rousseau, Kant, and Rawls in reference to the dialectical theory of Hegel and Marx, Chung forges a new model of public theology for today’s society. "Engaging in an expansive conversation with the thought of major figures in philosophy, political economy, and theology, Paul Chung articulates a compelling argument for a public theology that takes seriously our postcolonial context . . . Chung’s prophetic perspective critiques the hierarchical structures and social stratification that threaten civil society, upholding the values of justice, democracy, and peace among the religions. This book constructs a public theology that engages diverse public spheres toward the creation of a more equitable and diverse society." Craig L. Nessan, Professor of Contextual Theology and Ethics, Wartburg Theological Seminary, Dubuque, Iowa "How does political and emancipatory public theology look and function in post-colonial reality? Dr. Chung makes a resounding case for Christian public theology as explicitly ethical theology . . . Dr. Chung’s excavation of some of the root causes and frameworks of oppression invites deep and theologically informed engagement in the affairs of the world." Kirsi Stjerna, Los Angeles/Southwest California Synod Professor of Lutheran History and Theology, Pacific Lutheran Theological Seminary of California Lutheran University.
During the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, a “spiritual brotherhood” formed among the Puritans, shaped by the reforming activity and training of Cambridge. These pastor-theologians initiated a new emphasis within the established church, stirring up a greater understanding of the Reformation doctrines of grace and preaching for conversion and Christian growth and piety. In this study, Paul Schaefer looks at six thinkers in this group who stand out because each was used as the human vehicle to bring the gospel to the next: William Perkins, Paul Baynes, Richard Sibbes, John Cotton, John Preston, and Thomas Shepard. By examining their teaching on the relation between man’s depraved nature and sovereign grace, as well as the distinct but inseparable relation of justification and sanctification, Schaefer demonstrates how the Puritan movement came to focus most intently on the cultivation of Reformed piety within the church. Table of Contents: 1. Knowing the Times: The Spiritual Brotherhood and Its Puritanism in Its Cultural, Intellectual, and Social Contexts 2. William Perkins: The Good Fight of the Heart Redeemed 3. Paul Baynes: Ministering to the Heart Set Free 4. Richard Sibbes: The Union of the Heart with Christ 5. John Preston: The Triumph of Grace on the Inclinations of the Heart 6. An American Epilogue: Looking at Sola Gratia from Differing Angles—Cotton and Shepard and Massachusetts’s Antinomian Controversy Appendix: Orthodoxies in Massachusetts?
Lifting the Scientific Veil has been written to afford the nonscience student the same meaningful opportunity to explore germane scientific topics as is generally given the science student to learn about the humanities and social sciences. Since nonscientists are generally responsible for making laws, financing research, or, at the very least, for voting, it is essential that they understand the significant impact that science has on everyday life. The book is designed to introduce nonscientists in an informative and comprehensible manner to four of the most significant scientific theories of the twentieth century: the big bang, quantum physics, relativity, and evolution. After each theory is explained informally, the book shows how that theory and related technology impact upon one's personal life. Legal and political aspects of these theories are explored as well as philosophical and theological implications.
De Unione Insulae Britannicae (The British Union) is a unique seventeenth-century tract that urged the fusion of the Scottish and English kingdoms into a new British commonwealth with a radically new British identity. Its author, David Hume of Godscroft (1558-c.1630) was a major intellectual figure in Jacobean Scotland and the leading Scottish critic of the anglicizing policies of James VI. The tract was written in two parts. Published in London in 1605, the first part provides a general outline of the imperative of union. The second consists of political and constitutional proposals whereby such a union might be achieved. Its publication was suppressed and it exists only in manuscript. This is the first translation of the tract. Hume's work is breathtakingly contemporary in some of the proposals that it makes; regional assemblies combined with a national parliament, and a call for efforts to inspire the Scottish and English people into a sense of common purpose. The language and ideas of the tract display characteristics of the Renaissance combined with elements that visibly anticipate the Enlightenment. The De Unione offers extraordinary insight into the European intellectual world prior to the rise of romantic nationalism in the early nineteenth century.
The church needs good theology that engages the head, heart, and hands. This four-volume work combines rigorous historical and theological scholarship with application and practicality—characterized by an accessible, Reformed, and experiential approach. In this volume, Joel R. Beeke and Paul M. Smalley explore the first two of eight central themes of theology: revelation and God.
“And then shall that Wicked be revealed...” 2 Thessalonians 2:8 In his third book in a series that includes The Timing of the Rapture and Is the United States Mentioned in Bible Prophecy: With a Treatise on the Ezekiel 38 and psalm 83 wars, Paul Wild addresses the incorrect views regarding the antichrist’s origin and characteristics. Much of the speculation regarding the identity of the pivotal person in end-times prophecy has hinged more on identifying powerful, influential men who are perceived as evil rather than uncovering the subtle details of his persona. Paul will: Identify his country of origin and his religious and cultural background Provide details on his physical and intellectual traits Provide details on the timing of his arrival and speculation on his age at that time Challenge the focus on Rome and Europe as his seat of power and place the focus on the Middle East Settle the argument on who Magog is from the Ezekiel 38-39 war narrative and how that war affects the rise and fall of modern nations leading to his ascension Show that the last three yearly Feasts of Israel set the pattern for the rapture of the Church, the repentance of Israel, the ruination of the antichrist, and the return of Jesus. This book is designed to provide the tools for the Body of Christ to identify the wicked man before he emerges on the world scene in order to prepare for the chaos that follows.
John Calvin's understanding of the extent of the atonement achieved in Christ's death is one of the most contested questions in historical theology. In common thought, Calvin's name is closely associated with the 'limited atonement' stance canonized within the 'TULIP' acronym, but Calvin's personal endorsement of a strictly particularist view, whereby Christ died for the elect alone, is debatable. In Calvin on the Death of Christ, Paul Hartog re-examines Calvin's writing on the subject, traces the various resulting historical trajectories, and engages with the full spectrum of more recent scholarship. In so doing, he makes clear that, while Calvin undoubtedly believed in unconditional election, he also repeatedly spoke of Christ dying for 'all' or for 'the world'. These phrases must be held central if we are to discover Calvin's own view of the subject. Hartog's conclusions will surprise some, and may hold significant implications for the Calvinist tradition today. Throughout, however, they are cogently articulated and sensitively pitched.
This work examines key aspects of the development of the Heidelberg Catechism, including historical background, socio-political origins, purpose, authorship, sources, and theology. The book includes the first ever English translations of two major sources of the Heidelberg Catechism--Ursinus's Smaller and Larger Catechisms--and a bibliography of research on the document since 1900. Students of the Reformed tradition and the Protestant Reformation will value this resource.
The aim of systematic theology is to engage not only the head but also the heart and hands. Only recently has the church compartmentalized these aspects of life—separating the academic discipline of theology from the spiritual disciplines of faith and obedience. This multivolume work brings together rigorous historical and theological scholarship with spiritual disciplines and practical insights—characterized by a simple, accessible, comprehensive, Reformed, and experiential approach. In this volume, Joel R. Beeke and Paul M. Smalley shift from the doctrine of God (theology proper) to the doctrine of humanity (anthropology) and the doctrine of Christ (Christology). This extensive reformed theology explores the Bible's teaching about who we are and why we were created, as well as who Jesus is and why his divinity is essential to the Christian faith.
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