This textbook provides a coherent and structured overview of fluid mechanics, a discipline concerned with many natural phenomena and at the very heart of the most diversified industrial applications and human activities. The balance between phenomenological analysis, physical conceptualization and mathematical formulation serve both as a unifying educational marker and as a methodological guide to the three parts of the work. The thermo-mechanical motion equations of a homogeneous single-phase fluid are established, from which flow models (perfect fluid, viscous) and motion classes (isovolume, barotropic, irrotational, etc.) are derived. Incompressible, potential flows and compressible flows, both in an isentropic evolution and shock, of an ideal inviscid fluid are addressed in the second part. The viscous fluid is the subject of the last one, with the creeping motion regime and the laminar, dynamic and thermal boundary layer. Historical perspectives are included whenever they enrich the understanding of modern concepts. Many examples, chosen for their pedagogical relevance, are dealt with in exercises. The book is intended as a teaching tool for undergraduate students, wishing to acquire a first command of fluid mechanics, as well as graduates in advanced courses and engineers in other fields, concerned with completing what is sometimes a scattered body of knowledge.
James Joyce's astonishing final text, Finnegans Wake (1939), is universally acknowledged to be entirely untranslatable. And yet, no fewer than fifteen complete renderings of the 628-page text exist to date, in twelve different languages altogether – and at least ten further complete renderings have been announced as underway for publication in the early 2020s, in nine different languages. Finnegans Wakes delineates, for the first time in any language, the international history of these renderings and discusses the multiple issues faced by translators. The book also comments on partial and fragmentary renderings from some thirty languages altogether, including such perhaps unexpected languages as Galician, Guarani, Chinese, Korean, Turkish, and Irish, not to mention Latin and Ancient Egyptian. Excerpts from individual renderings are analysed in detail, together with brief biographical notes on numerous individual translators. Chronicling renderings spanning multiple decades, Finnegans Wakes illustrates the capacity of Joyce's final text to generate an inexhaustible multiplicity of possible meanings among the ever-increasing number of its impossible translations.
This book presents experimental techniques in the field of aerodynamics, a discipline that is essential in numerous areas, such as the design of aerial and ground vehicles and engines, the production of energy, and understanding the wind resistance of buildings. Aerodynamics is not only concerned with improving the performance and comfort of vehicles, but also with reducing their environmental impact. The book provides updated information on the experimental and technical methods used by aerodynamicists, engineers and researchers. It describes the various types of wind tunnels – from subsonic to hypersonic – as well as the problems posed by their design and operation. The book also focuses on metrology, which has allowed us to gain a detailed understanding of the local properties of flows, and examines current developments toward creating a methodology combining experiments and numerical simulations: the computer-assisted wind tunnel. Lastly, it offers an overview of experimental aerodynamics based on a prospective vision of the discipline, and discusses potential futures challenges. The book can be used as a textbook for graduate courses in aerodynamics, typically offered to students of aerospace and mechanical engineering programs, and as a learning tool for professionals and engineers in the fields of aerodynamics, aeronautics and astronautics automobile.
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