Enacted in 2000 and in operation in the UK since 2005, the Freedom of Information (FOI) Act has revealed information which has generated calls for constitutional reform. A massive 'information jurisprudence' has developed through the decisions of the Information Commissioner, the Information Tribunal and the courts. Governments' responses to the war on terror have involved increased resort to claims of national security and accompanying secrecy, but these developments have to exist alongside demands for FOI and transparency. FOI has to balance access to and protection of personal information, and major amendments have been made to the Data Protection Act in order to balance the competing demands of transparency and privacy. This detailed discussion of FOI laws and personal data laws examines the historical development of secrecy, national security and government, and their modern context.
European integration has been most successful at a legal level and European influences have left an indelible mark on English Public Law. These influences must be understood by students and practitioners if they are to understand our public law and its continuing development. This new book aims to cover the debate surrounding the influence of Community law on the public law of the United Kingdom in a thematic and analytical manner.
The sphere of public law is ill-defined and controversial. Taking the broad view that it comprises aspects of (for instance) constitutional principles, good and humane administration, judicial review based on the rule of law, human rights, liability for wrongdoing, public procurement, provision of public services, transparency, social media and protection of privacy – areas that link legal control to broad governmental purposes – the third edition of this established and much-praised work expands its examination of the emergence of European public law from European Union (EU) law (and its European Community and European Economic Community antecedents), the European Convention on Human Rights and the interface of these systems with Member State systems, to include the currently all-important challenge of Brexit. The book explains in detail what European public law is and the context in which laws interact in European societies. Masterfully summarising the debate surrounding the influence of EU and European Convention law on Member State law – particularly that of the United Kingdom (UK) – in a thematic and analytical manner, the author covers the following topics and much more as they persist in the shadow of Brexit: constitutional law and administrative law in the EU and France, Germany and the UK; subsidiarity in the EU and UK devolution; openness, transparency and access to information; national parliaments and scrutiny of EU law; influence of EU law on UK judicial review; access to justice in the light of austerity and government cuts in public expenditure; the future of the UK Human Rights Act; European influence on the law of liability; EU ombudsmen and internal grievance procedures; future relationship between EU and UK domestic law; citizenship and protection of human rights; competition, regulation, public service and the market; the impact of Brexit, the legal consequences of UK withdrawal legislation and European Public Law, the EU-UK written agreements on separation and the political statement’s prospects for a post-Brexit trade deal. Detailed analyses of major cases and legal provisions are featured throughout the book. Given that the effects of Brexit will take decades to unfold, and not only in the UK, this new edition of a classic text will prove to be an invaluable guide to the ever-developing European context of domestic public law. The indelible marks of European integration must be fully understood if we are to understand public law and its future direction. The book will be of enormous assistance to political theorists and scientists and commentators and of immeasurable practical and academic importance in monitoring the future of Europe and its legal relationship with the UK. Academics and students will be rewarded by the detailed analysis of the context in which national laws and European laws interact. Practitioners in the UK, Europe and globally will gain invaluable insight into the laws they use to resolve practical questions of legal interpretation.
Government and Information: The Law Relating to Access, Disclosure and their Regulation is the leading text offering comprehensive and practical advice on the access, disclosure and retention of government records under UK, EU and ECHR requirements. It is essential reading for all those dealing with public authority information. The fifth edition is extensively revised following numerous developments in both UK and EU law as well as the ever expanding case law on information rights under statutory, Convention and common law provisions. Legislation: Justice and Security Act 2013; Crime and Courts Act 2013 (s 34 in relation to press standards following Leveson); Re-use of Public Sector Information Regulations 2015 Investigatory Powers Bill 2016; Environmental Information Regulations 2004; General Data Protection Regulation 2016; Key cases since the last edition include: Evans v Attorney General [2015] UKSC 21 - the SC ruled that the Attorney General had acted unlawfully in issuing a veto preventing disclosure Kennedy v Charities Commission [2014] UKSC 20 - Supreme Court extended the ambit of the common law in relation to access to information and transparency Case 362/14 Schrems [2015]) - involving data transfer to the USA PJS v Newsgroup Newspapers ltd [2016] UKSC 26 – developing the law of personal privacy
Government and Information: The Law relating to Access, Disclosure and their Regulation is a 'must-have' for everyone dealing with public authority information. The fourth edition of this well-respected work offers comprehensive and practical advice on the access, disclosure and retention of government records under UK, EU and ECHR requirements. Completely updated to include: Detailed examination of the case law that has occurred post the last edition (Information Commissioner, Information Tribunal and courts) under the Freedom of Information Act, Environmental Information Regulations, Data Protection Act and Privacy and Electronic Communications Regulations); Coverage of secrecy, access to information and the war on terror; Analysis of the outcome of the Dacre Review; Revision of legislative, judicial and policy developments affecting the wide range of topics covered by the book under domestic, EU and ECHR decisions including Identity Cards Act, Care Standards Act, Health records, changes affecting Data Protection and jurisprudence. Contents includes: The Freedom of Information legislation Central government The European perspective Local government as providers and keepers of information Restrictions on the use of, and access to, information by public officials and representatives Public access to information and access to meetings Access to personal information and privacy Information and open government - specific areas Information, redress of grievance and judicial review Litigation and information The National Audit Office and the Comptroller and Auditor General
The third edition of this respected title explains and makes coherent the law relating to information held by central government, its agencies and local government. Addressing the multiplicity of procedures, as well as substantive provisions, this book tackles the position and responsibilities of lawyers and officials operating in this area. The Freedom of Information Act covers virtually all pubic authorities including privatised utilities and those under contract with public authorities to provide public service. Also incorporated are the effects of the Human Rights Act 1998, as well as all the latest developments in EU law, data protection and electronic communications regulations, along with recent case law.
Enacted in 2000 and in operation in the UK since 2005, the Freedom of Information (FOI) Act has revealed information which has generated calls for constitutional reform. A massive 'information jurisprudence' has developed through the decisions of the Information Commissioner, the Information Tribunal and the courts. Governments' responses to the war on terror have involved increased resort to claims of national security and accompanying secrecy, but these developments have to exist alongside demands for FOI and transparency. FOI has to balance access to and protection of personal information, and major amendments have been made to the Data Protection Act in order to balance the competing demands of transparency and privacy. This detailed discussion of FOI laws and personal data laws examines the historical development of secrecy, national security and government, and their modern context.
This new reader is designed to break the mould of core executive studies by broadening the focus of analysis from the conventional concentration on the relative power of Prime Minister and Cabinet to assess the whole battery of mechanisms which co-ordinate policy and manage conflict. It brings together chapters introducing new theoretical perspectives and assessing the changes in executive structure and decision making from Wilson to Thatcher with in-depth case studies of the executive in action.
X Flight was designated the task of giving close air support to the desert army formed and commanded by Lawrence of Arabia. It flew from advanced desert landing grounds on reconnaissance, liaison, bombing and ground attack missions. The existence and deeds of the flight were kept secret, so much so that even the RFC Paymaster was unaware of their existence.George Hynes was an aircraft mechanic and became responsible for keeping the flights somewhat elderly aircraft airworthy whilst working in the most difficult desert conditions on hastily constructed landing strips and living and working under canvas in temperatures that froze at night and rose to 100 degrees plus at noon.His diary gives a clear insight into the conditions endured, the actions that took place and the many almost insurmountable problems that occurred as they followed Lawrences steady advance against the numerically superior Turkish Army and Air Force. George personally encountered Lawrence on many occasions and maintained contact with him after the war.The diary is supported with the Flights weekly operational records, perspectives of the battle scenarios and other background information.
This work examines the factors that drive the success of Multinational Corporations (MNCs) in their pursuit of regional strategies. The author develops a comprehensive regional success factor model, by which the effects of regional management autonomy and regional product and service adaptation on the regional success of MNCs as well as the interaction effects of regional orientation and inter-regional distance are investigated. The model is evaluated by means of the partial-least-squares (PLS) method on the basis of a survey-based inquiry of the Fortune Global 500 firms with success indicator data for a period of nine years. The findings highlight the importance of considering the different degrees of contextual influence in the design of regional strategies, where low degrees of regional management autonomy and high levels of regional product/service adaptation are found to be appropriate for MNCs to be regionally successful.
The second edition of this popular shortform book provides a concise expert summary of key issues in the theory and practice of the management of human resources (HR) – one of the most crucial drivers of organizational performance. As human resource management strategies evolve over time, this new edition pays special regard to the HR challenges arising from radically altering contexts – economic, social, and technological. For example, the book examines research reports on the impact of the COVID pandemic and other disruptions to the global world of work. It assesses recent HR initiatives and priorities such as Equality, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) and the HR implications of remote and hybrid working. The book evaluates contemporary critiques that HR practice and research can be part of the problem. In sum, the book offers a route map through the extensive terrain of contemporary research project findings. Serving as a unique researcher’s guide, this concise book enables readers to develop their own ideas for future research and such is essential reading for management scholars and reflective practitioners.
European integration has been most successful at a legal level and European influences have left an indelible mark on English Public Law. These influences must be understood by students and practitioners if they are to understand our public law and its continuing development. This new book aims to cover the debate surrounding the influence of Community law on the public law of the United Kingdom in a thematic and analytical manner.
With over one million copies sold worldwide, Exploring Strategy has long been the essential strategy text for managers of today and tomorrow. From entrepreneurial start-ups to multinationals, charities to government agencies, this book raises the big questions about organisations- how they grow, how they innovate and how they change.
Innovation has a pivotal role for companies in attaining business survival but making an organization innovative is not straightforward. By determining contextual factors, managers can help decide how to employ a portfolio of innovation management processes. This book explores how contingency influence the management of innovation. Taking the perspective of innovation managers, the authors focus on the decision-making process to demonstrate that different approaches are required depending on the business context. In breaking the process into three levels (culture, industry and company), the book helps choose an optimal innovative approach. With references to real-world innovation cases and organizations, this book will prove useful reading for students and researchers in the field of innovation studies and management.
A fresh approach to managing organizational change by looking at it as complex, dynamic and messy as opposed to a series of neat, linear stages and processes leading to success. Key to the approach is the idea that change, creativity and innovation all overlap and interconnect rather than being three separate areas of study and that managing the three together is central to organizations having the competitive edge in developing new technologies and techniques, products and services. The book continues to offer practical guidelines as well as a theoretical understanding of change, creativity and innovation. It delivers an equal balance of critical perspectives and sound ideas for organizational change and development and presents the idea that change can be proactive, driven by creativity and innovation. The new edition includes additional change management content including learning, personal change, managing the self, employability, developments in conventional Organizational Development and new emergent forms including appreciative inquiry. Along with a series of rich international case studies, including TNT Australia, Amazon, Leeds Rhinos, Jerusalem Paints, Alpha Pro Pump and KPMG. It is supported by a range of learning and revision aids including reflective exercises, review and discussion questions and hands-on research tasks. All of which help students to reflect on the material covered and provide a source for more open group discussion and debate. A companion website accompanies the book, with additional material including PowerPoint slides for lecturers and video links and access to SAGE journal articles for Students. Suitable for upper-level undergraduates and postgraduate students.
You don’t need to be ultra-fit or highly experienced in the outdoors to enjoy outdoor guru Patrick Kinsella’s selection of 30 activities across Britain. ‘A sense of adventure and an explorer’s heartbeat’ is all that’s required, he says, and he should know, having spent two decades walking, running, riding, paddleboarding, swimming, canoeing, kayaking... and more besides, in all corners of the country. Bradt’s Caving, Canyoning, Coasteering... is both an atlas of adventure and book of secrets, enticing readers out of their comfort zone to explore the often-unseen elements and quieter corners of Britain, where the wild experiences live. Some of the activities described take place on the very edges of large urban centres, easily accessible for anyone, yet even many locals don’t know about them. Others happen in far-flung corners of the country – places people may never have considered exploring. ‘This title will take you on a highly adventurous tour of Britain’s extraordinary cliffs, caves, canyons, coasts, forests, fells, beaches, Munros, moors and tors, via a range of outdoor pursuits – many of which were conceived and pioneered on this island’ says Kinsella. ‘It’s all about wild time spent in wonderful places, from the mysterious depths of the labyrinthine limestone underworld beneath the Mendip Hills to the top of ice-clad arêtes and snow-dusted peaks of monstrous Munros in the Scottish Highlands, via seascapes and sub-aquatic environment in Devon and Cornwall, tumbling streams and ghylls in the Lake District, and cascade-concealed caverns in the waterfall-soaked world of the Bannau Brycheiniog (Brecon Beacons) in Wales. It’s not for the faint of heart, but there are escapades here to excite everyone.’ Whether you’re an experienced outdoor type or someone who’s new to the outdoors but seeking guidance on where to go and what to do, a wildlife and fresh-air enthusiast or an armchair traveller, a lone adventurer or family with young children, Caving, Canyoning, Coasteering... is brimful of ideas. And if the adrenaline gets too much, you’ll even find advice on the sedate Japanese art of forest bathing.
The idea of the 'nation-state' has failed, Glenn argues, and a major shift in our understanding of the state is needed. He provides an original approach by situating cosmopolitanism in its historical context and demonstrating that the state is necessarily cosmopolitan in character, and has always been subject to transnational law-making.
This invaluable book provides a unique opportunity to embrace the complex and fascinating theory of relaxation processes in magnetized plasmas, both in astrophysics and in controlled fusion plasmas. The subjects range from dynamo and reconnection processes in magneto-hydrodynamics and electromagnetic turbulence to fast transport events in self-organized turbulence. Such phenomena, recognized as key bolts in our present understanding, turn out to be extremely challenging for theoretical models. This book efficiently helps to bridge our understanding and description of such processes, analogously observed in laboratory and astrophysical plasmas.
This book provides an extensive survey of all the physics necessary to understand the current developments in the field of fundamental cosmology, as well as an overview of the observational data and methods. It will help students to get into research by providing definitions and main techniques and ideas discussed today. The book is divided into three parts. Part 1 summarises the fundamentals in theoretical physics needed in cosmology (general relativity, field theory, particle physics). Part 2 describes the standard model of cosmology and includes cosmological solutions of Einstein equations, the hot big bang model, cosmological perturbation theory, cosmic microwave background anisotropies, lensing and evidence for dark matter, and inflation. Part 3 describes extensions of this model and opens up current research in the field: scalar-tensor theories, supersymmetry, the cosmological constant problem and acceleration of the universe, topology of the universe, grand unification and baryogenesis, topological defects and phase transitions, string inspired cosmology including branes and the latest developments. The book provides details of all derivations and leads the student up to the level of research articles.
In today’s business environment, as organizations constantly seek to growth and develop through the optimization of their innovative and creative potential, understanding the critical issues and management practices in R & D is essential. This book provides a critical revaluation of the state of the art issues and concepts in R&D management. The views expressed are those of leading French researchers and professionals in this field, fed by empirical studies in national and international firms.
Managers of multinational corporations are now looking towards low-income markets for their potential for generating large profits. Serving such markets and developing products for them requires a fundamentally different approach of doing business and
Master Powerful New Ways to Manage Innovation, Projects, People, and Performance! Three great books present breakthrough techniques for managing innovation, projects, people, and business performance! Innovation: Fast Track to Success presents a practical framework for identifying new commercial opportunities and developing new and better ways of doing things. This integrated framework helps you get all six key elements of innovation right: planning, pipeline, process, platform, people, and performance. Project Management: Fast Track to Success shows how to adapt and simplify project management tools and techniques to make them maximally relevant to modern business operational activities. Finally, in Managing People & Performance: Fast Track to Success, David Ross shows how to get the best possible performance out of every member of your team, whatever their personality or skillset. Ross shows how to build a high-performance team by gaining deep insight into each individual team member and motivating them to work together to deliver the results you need. Together, these three books will teach you the key skills you need to excel as a manager--and accelerate your career development! From world-renowned leaders in optimizing business performance, including Andy Bruce, David Birchall, Patrick Harper-Smith, Simon Derry, and David Ross
Master's Thesis from the year 2020 in the subject Business economics - Review of Business Studies, grade: 1,0, Technical University of Berlin, language: English, abstract: The aim of this paper is to complement existing research on dynamic ecosystem strategies in the context of platforms. Two research questions will be answered: 1) How do competitive strategies of rival platform-based ecosystems evolve over time? 2) How can competitive strategies of rival platform-based ecosystems be characterized? A longitudinal, multiple-case study has been conducted. This multiple-case study is pursuing an inductive, theory-building approach as there is limited theoretical foundation on strategies in platform-based ecosystems. Five online food delivery ecosystems in the German market are analyzed. The business ecosystem perspective provides a holistic view on the interdependence across organizations. Yet, existing literature reveals little theoretical foundation with respect to ecosystem strategies in the context of platforms. Prior research includes a static view on ecosystem strategies leading to characterizations such as the “component” or “system” strategy. Recently, a newly presented strategy, the bottleneck strategy, provides a dynamic view on ecosystem strategies. Unfortunately, much literature exclusively study cooperation and competition between ecosystem partners, however, neglects to explain how and why cooperation and competition between rival ecosystems generally occurs.
Government and Information: The Law Relating to Access, Disclosure and their Regulation is the leading text offering comprehensive and practical advice on the access, disclosure and retention of government records under UK, EU and ECHR requirements. It is essential reading for all those dealing with public authority information. The fifth edition is extensively revised following numerous developments in both UK and EU law as well as the ever expanding case law on information rights under statutory, Convention and common law provisions. Legislation: Justice and Security Act 2013; Crime and Courts Act 2013 (s 34 in relation to press standards following Leveson); Re-use of Public Sector Information Regulations 2015 Investigatory Powers Bill 2016; Environmental Information Regulations 2004; General Data Protection Regulation 2016; Key cases since the last edition include: Evans v Attorney General [2015] UKSC 21 - the SC ruled that the Attorney General had acted unlawfully in issuing a veto preventing disclosure Kennedy v Charities Commission [2014] UKSC 20 - Supreme Court extended the ambit of the common law in relation to access to information and transparency Case 362/14 Schrems [2015]) - involving data transfer to the USA PJS v Newsgroup Newspapers ltd [2016] UKSC 26 – developing the law of personal privacy
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