The development aid community has placed a great deal of emphasis on the need for rural mobility in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Thus far, most development partners and governments in SSA have relied on two overarching assumptions when dispensing transport aid that most households in rural areas in Africa are not connected to markets and therefore need a road passable for a truck, and that roads with high levels of service are crucial in order to achieve high economic impact. Based on data collection from various sources in three SSA countries, 'Rural Road Investment Efficiency' demonstrates that from a cost-benefit perspective, the additional cost of extending an all-weather road two more kilometers to the farmer s door outweigh the benefits in most cases. 'Rural Road Investment Efficiency' seeks to enhance the effectiveness of aid allocated for rural transport in SSA and calls into question the need for full implementation of all benchmarks set forth in the Rural Access Index (RAI) in SSA. This book will be an essential reference for government supervisory authorities and infrastructure experts throughout the region.
TRB¿s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 615: Evaluation of the Use and Effectiveness of Wildlife Crossings explores development of an interactive, web-based decision guide protocol for the selection, configuration, and location of wildlife crossings.
The sixteen-volume Handbook of Middle American Indians, completed in 1976, has been acclaimed the world over as the single most valuable resource ever produced for those involved in the study of Mesoamerica. When it was determined in 1978 that the Handbook should be updated periodically, Victoria Reifler Bricker, well-known cultural anthropologist, was elected to be general editor. This fourth volume of the Supplement is devoted to colonial ethnohistory. Four of the eleven chapters review research and ethnohistorical resources for Guatemala, South Yucatan, North Yucatan, and Oaxaca, areas that received less attention than the central Mexican area in the original Guide to Ethnohistorical Sources (HMAI vols. 12-15). Six substantive and problem-oriented studies cover the use of colonial texts in the study of pre-colonial Mayan languages; political and economic organization in the valleys of Mexico, Puebla-Tlaxcala, and Morelos; urban-rural relations in the Basin of Mexico; kinship and social organization in colonial Tenochtitlan; tlamemes and transport in colonial central Mexico; and land tenure and titles in central Mexico as reflected in colonial codices.
Ghana, which means "Warrior King" in the Soninke language, has a long history of powerful empires. Beginning in the fifteenth century, powerful and ancient Ghanaian empires were taken over by colonial powers, with Great Britain taking control of the country until 1957. Since then, the country has existed as a diverse and independent nation, grouping together a large population of people with different ethnic, linguistic, and religious backgrounds. This book introduces readers to the multicultural nation of Ghana and its geography, history, environment, and culture. Engaging sidebars and vivid photographs accompany readers on their journey.
First-ever birding guide to this celebrated site Insider advice on 33 popular places and lesser-known hot spots Describes birding opportunities any time of the year Geography, topography, weather patterns, and unique natural features make Cape May, New Jersey, one of the most important birding sites in North America. Throughout the year thousands of birders travel to Cape May from around the country--and across the ocean--to witness the arrival of tens of thousands of raptors, songbirds, shorebirds, and seabirds. In this guide, Cape May birders can find out exactly when and where in the region to go, what birds they're likely to see, why the birds are there, and what factors could affect the birds' behavior. Filled with the authors' photos, this book offers insider information that will help any birder make the most of a visit. It features a complete Cape May bird list and a description of the region's history complemented by images that show how Cape May has changed over the years, and how it has stayed the same.
In today's public policy arena the regional level is gaining increased attention as problems in policy and service delivery continue to spill over traditional urban government boundaries. This authoritative work focuses on the growing role of regions in addressing and resolving local governance problems."Urban and Regional Policies for Metropolitan Livability" provides a concise, up-to-date, and systematic treatment of the problems and issues involved in urban and regional policy concerns. Each policy chapter is written by a respected expert in the area, and the book covers all the key policy issues that confront contemporary metropolitan areas, including transportation, the environment, affordable housing, crime, employment, poverty, education, and regional governance. Each chapter outlines an issue, which is followed by current thinking on problem diagnosis and problem solving, as well as the prognosis for future policy success.
Based on intensive fieldwork among the different social groups in the Ilocos region, this book offers an insight into the Ilokano social ensemble following the process of tobacco production from seed to threshed leaves.
What is -- or makes a place -- a 'historic battlefield'? Treating battles as events in the past and battlefields as places in the present, and drawing on examples from prehistory to the 20th century, this book exposes the complexity of the concept of a historic battlefield and how it forms part of a Western understanding of the world.
Now the best-selling, literacy book How to write what you want to say … in the secondary years has a Teacher’s Guide and Student Workbook to improve students’ literacy skills. These books are across the whole curriculum where the subject requires completing written assignments and written examinations. The purpose is to use these resources in all subjects to improve the students’ writing skills using the vocabulary relating to the subject. We know that these resources significantly improves the student’s writing skills with practise. This is a must for every secondary teacher.
How has our relation to energy changed over time? What differences do particular energy sources make to human values, politics, and imagination? How have transitions from one energy source to another—from wood to coal, or from oil to solar to whatever comes next—transformed culture and society? What are the implications of uneven access to energy in the past, present, and future? Which concepts and theories clarify our relation to energy, and which just get in the way? Fueling Culture offers a compendium of keywords written by scholars and practitioners from around the world and across the humanities and social sciences. These keywords offer new ways of thinking about energy as both the source and the limit of how we inhabit culture, with the aim of opening up new ways of understanding the seemingly irresolvable contradictions of dependence upon unsustainable energy forms. Fueling Culture brings together writing that is risk-taking and interdisciplinary, drawing on insights from literary and cultural studies, environmental history and ecocriticism, political economy and political ecology, postcolonial and globalization studies, and materialisms old and new. Keywords in this volume include: Aboriginal, Accumulation, Addiction, Affect, America, Animal, Anthropocene, Architecture, Arctic, Automobile, Boom, Canada, Catastrophe, Change, Charcoal, China, Coal, Community, Corporation, Crisis, Dams, Demand, Detritus, Disaster, Ecology, Electricity, Embodiment, Ethics, Evolution, Exhaust, Fallout, Fiction, Fracking, Future, Gender, Green, Grids, Guilt, Identity, Image, Infrastructure, Innervation, Kerosene, Lebenskraft, Limits, Media, Metabolism, Middle East, Nature, Necessity, Networks, Nigeria, Nuclear, Petroviolence, Photography, Pipelines, Plastics, Renewable, Resilience, Risk, Roads, Rubber, Rural, Russia, Servers, Shame, Solar, Spill, Spiritual, Statistics, Surveillance, Sustainability, Tallow, Texas, Textiles, Utopia, Venezuela, Whaling, Wood, Work For a full list of keywords in and contributors to this volume, please go to: http://ow.ly/4mZZxV
Irondequoit portrays the rich past of a Lake Ontario town with a name that comes from the Iroquois word meaning where land and waters meet." Originally part of the Phelps Gorham purchase of 1788, Irondequoit was established in 1839. The area, once marred by swamps and marshes, eventually became "the Garden Spot of Western New York," known far and wide for its peaches, melons, and vegetables. Later the town developed as a resort area, with attractions like Sea Breeze Amusement Park, Glen Haven Park, the Newport House, and White City, a 300-family tent colony. Irondequoit's tree-lined streets, excellent schools, and access to prime recreational areas, including Sea Breeze, Durand-Eastman Park, and Irondequoit Bay Park, continue to draw people who make it the thriving community it is today.
Written specifically for courses that cover biological anthropology and archaeology, this superbly illustrated new text offers the most balanced and up-to-date introduction to our human past. Devoting equal time to biological anthropology and prehistory, this text exposes students to the many sides of major controversial issues, involving students in the scientific thought process by allowing them to draw their own conclusions. Amidst discussions of bones and artifacts, the text maintains a focus on people, demonstrating to students how biological anthropology and archaeology apply to their lives today. Featuring the latest research and findings pulled from the original sources, this new text is far and away the most up-to-date text available. In addition, the superior art program features hundreds of photographs and figures, and the multimedia presentation options include documentary film clips and lecture launcher videos. Pat Rice, a recipient of AAA’s Outstanding Teacher Award and past-president of the General Anthropology Division of AAA, and Norah Moloney, an experienced professor and active archaeologist, present the material in a clear, refreshing, and straightforward writing style.
Patricia E. Roy is the winner of the 2013 Lifetime Achievement Award, Canadian Historical Association. The first decade and a half of the twentieth century was mostly a time of unprecedented prosperity and growth in British Columbia. Although its colonial history was still etched in the public psyche, BC was coming into its own as a province of Canada and starting to realize the untapped economic potential of its natural resources. Richard McBride served four terms as BC’s premier, from 1903 to 1915, building a reputation as a charismatic and optimistic leader whose vision of a modern, industrialized, and wealthy province helped shape BC’s institutions and its place in the British world. McBride stabilized the legislature by introducing party lines, promoted provincial causes in Ottawa, and above all encouraged new railways. His fight for “Better Terms” and his association with leading federal Conservatives made him a national figure, while his support of the Imperial navy and British investment brought him attention in London and a knighthood. Boundless Optimism chronicles the brilliant career of this often-overlooked leader and the province he helped create.
Eager for adventure.... Destined for misery... International bestseller Patricia Shaw tells a story of the success and sufferings of sheep station owner Austin Broderick in A Cross of Stars. The perfect read for fans of Tricia McGill and Fleur McDonald. 'As dramatic and colourful as the land itself' - Gold Coast Bulletin Decades of hard work have made Austin Broderick a rich man. His sheep station, Springfield, is one of the largest in Australia and the good relations between the native Aborigines and the Brodericks have made it one of the most peaceful. Now Austin must face the prospect of losing a large proportion of his land at the hands of Parliament. His only hope is his son Harry and the young man's influence as a Brisbane politician. But the family's troubles have only just begun... The pious Reverend Billings arrives at the station and, under the guise of friendship, enters the Aborigines' camp. He leaves with three six-year-old boys - eager for adventure, but destined for misery... What readers are saying about A Cross of Stars: 'Another wonderful book of early Australia' 'Hard to put down' '[Patricia Shaw] is a fantastic storyteller
What happens to social movements in rural settings when they do not face the divisive issues of race and class? Marilyn Watkins examines the stable political climate built by successive waves of Populism, socialism, the farmer-labor movement, and the Grange in turn-of-the-century western Washington. She shows how all of these movements drew on the same community base, empowered farmers, and encouraged them in the belief that democracy, independence, and prosperity were realizable goals. Indeed they were - in a setting where agriculture was diversified, farmers were debt-free, and - critically - women enjoyed equal status as activists in social movements. Rural Democracy illuminates the problems that undermined Populism and other forms of rural radicalism in the South and the Midwest by demonstrating the political success of those movements where such problems were notably absent: in Lewis county, Washington. By so doing, Watkins convincingly demonstrates the continuing value of local community studies in understanding the large-scale transformations that continue to sweep over rural America.
The world’s bestselling travel book is back in a more informative, more experiential, more budget-friendly full-color edition. A #1 New York Times bestseller, 1,000 Places reinvented the idea of travel book as both wish list and practical guide. As Newsweek wrote, it “tells you what’s beautiful, what’s fun, and what’s just unforgettable— everywhere on earth.” And now the best is better. There are 600 full-color photographs. Over 200 entirely new entries, including visits to 28 countries like Lebanon, Croatia, Estonia, and Nicaragua, that were not in the original edition. There is an emphasis on experiences: an entry covers not just Positano or Ravello, but the full 30-mile stretch along the Amalfi Coast. Every entry from the original edition has been readdressed, rewritten, and made fuller, with more suggestions for places to stay, restaurants to visit, festivals to check out. And throughout, the book is more budget-conscious, starred restaurants and historic hotels such as the Ritz,but also moderately priced gems that don’t compromise on atmosphere or charm. The world is calling. Time to answer.
In this provocative new addition to the Theology and the Sciences series, Patricia Williams assays the original sin doctrine with a scientific lens and, based on sociobiology, offers an alternative Christian account of human nature's foibles and future. Focusing on the Genesis 2 and 3 account, Williams shows how its "historical" interpretation in early Christianity not only misread the text but derived an idea of being human profoundly at odds with experience and contemporary science. After gauging Christianity's several competing notions of human nature -- Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox -- against contemporary biology, Williams turns to sociobiological accounts of the evolution of human dispositions toward reciprocity and limited cooperation as a source of human good and evil. From this vantage point she offers new interpretations of evil, sin, and the Christian doctrine of atonement. Williams's work, frank in its assessment of traditional misunderstandings, challenges theologians and all Christians to reassess the roots and branches of this linchpin doctrine.
Based on the most up-to-date research, this book explores the many unique geographical qualities and resources that have helped make New York State a leader in business and industry. • This fascinating book traces the history of the state’s economy—from the Native Americans, to the colonial occupation by the Dutch, to the development of factories and infrastructure that make New York the flourishing hub it is today. • This helpful resource features primary source documents, photographs, and maps from New York’s history show how economic activities have shaped New York State.
Ideas - and the forms in which they are expressed - are the new currency. Yet many companies, the media, and even the general population mistakenly see America as an intellectual and cultural wasteland defined by reality television and fast food. RenGen is about the rise of the next "renaissance generation" - an emerging section of the American public who are enlightened, creative, and eager to challenge the status quo. RenGen draws a new picture of the American consumer as a thinking, expressive person and examines the factors that are giving rise to this renaissance, including: a new class of workers dedicated to creating innovation a growing desire to express new ideas and concepts aesthetically and, a new respect for learning-fueled by the Internet, a medium that links ideas, information, and visuals and connects people aross communities Based on original research, RenGen gives leaders a lens through which to consider important business decisions.
Oil Injustice examines the mobilization efforts of four communities with different oil histories in response to the construction of an oil pipeline. Using multiple sites in Ecuador as case studies, Patricia Widener examines the efforts of grassrootsgroups, non-governmental organizations, activist mayors, and transnational advocates that mobilized to redefine the country's oil path and to represent the voice of many local communities and organizations that sought to offer an alternative to the nation's oil dependency and to the use of its oil wealth. These groups generated divergent and at times rival reactions to the pipeline, though at their core, the multiple campaigns developed from a shared history and awareness of a number of marginalized communities and degraded environments in areas most important to the oil process. Widener shows that global environmental justice demands are bound within a capitalist political system, where community activists, national NGOs and their international allies are forced to seek local change rather than attempt to defeat a disabling and unequal system.
Learn more about the end of the Middle Ages and the discovery of a new world. Find out about the Maya, the Inca, the Aztecs, as the beginning of the Renaissance in this beautiful book.
TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 753: A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation is designed to help transportation owners and operators in their efforts to plan for recovery prior to the occurrence of an event that impacts transportation systems. The guide includes tools and resources to assist in both pre-planning for recovery and implementing recovery after an event. NCHRP Report 753 is intended to provide a single resource for understanding the principles and processes to be used for pre-event recovery planning for transportation infrastructure. In addition to the principles and processes, the guide contains checklists, decision support tools, and resources to help support pre-event recovery planning."--Publisher description.
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