This book provides an overview of statistical concepts and basic methodology for the study of genetics of human traits and diseases. It attempts to provide a step-by-step description of problem identification, study design, methodology of data collection, data exploration, data summarization and visualization, and more advanced analytical methods for inferring genetic underpinnings of human phenotypes. The book provides codes in R programming language for implementation of most of the statistical methods described, which will enable practitioners to perform analysis of data on their own, without having to mold the data to fit the requirements of commercial statistical packages. Useful to anyone engaged in studies to understand and manage good health, the book is a useful guide for sustainable development of humankind. Primarily intended for practicing biologists especially those who carry out quantitative biological research, in particular, human geneticists, the book is also helpful in classroom teaching.
A practical guide to mastering Classification algorithms for Machine learning KEY FEATURES ● Get familiar with all the state-of-the-art classification algorithms for machine learning. ● Understand the mathematical foundations behind building machine learning models. ● Learn how to apply machine learning models to solve real-world industry problems. DESCRIPTION Classification algorithms are essential in machine learning as they allow us to make predictions about the class or category of an input by considering its features. These algorithms have a significant impact on multiple applications like spam filtering, sentiment analysis, image recognition, and fraud detection. If you want to expand your knowledge about classification algorithms, this book is the ideal resource for you. The book starts with an introduction to problem-solving in machine learning and subsequently focuses on classification problems. It then explores the Naïve Bayes algorithm, a probabilistic method widely used in industrial applications. The application of Bayes Theorem and underlying assumptions in developing the Naïve Bayes algorithm for classification is also covered. Moving forward, the book centers its attention on the Logistic Regression algorithm, exploring the sigmoid function and its significance in binary classification. The book also covers Decision Trees and discusses the Gini Factor, Entropy, and their use in splitting trees and generating decision leaves. The Random Forest algorithm is also thoroughly explained as a cutting-edge method for classification (and regression). The book concludes by exploring practical applications such as Spam Detection, Customer Segmentation, Disease Classification, Malware Detection in JPEG and ELF Files, Emotion Analysis from Speech, and Image Classification. By the end of the book, you will become proficient in utilizing classification algorithms for solving complex machine learning problems. WHAT YOU WILL LEARN ● Learn how to apply Naïve Bayes algorithm to solve real-world classification problems. ● Explore the concept of K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm for classification tasks. ● Dive into the Logistic Regression algorithm for classification. ● Explore techniques like Bagging and Random Forest to overcome the weaknesses of Decision Trees. ● Learn how to combine multiple models to improve classification accuracy and robustness. WHO THIS BOOK IS FOR This book is for Machine Learning Engineers, Data Scientists, Data Science Enthusiasts, Researchers, Computer Programmers, and Students who are interested in exploring a wide range of algorithms utilized for classification tasks in machine learning. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction to Machine Learning 2. Naïve Bayes Algorithm 3. K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm 4. Logistic Regression 5. Decision Tree Algorithm 6. Ensemble Models 7. Random Forest Algorithm 8. Boosting Algorithm Annexure 1: Jupyter Notebook Annexure 2: Python Annexure 3: Singular Value Decomposition Annexure 4: Preprocessing Textual Data Annexure 5: Stemming and Lamentation Annexure 6: Vectorizers Annexure 7: Encoders Annexure 8: Entropy
This book provides a single-source reference on carbon nanotubes for interconnect applications. It presents the recent advances in modelling and challenges of carbon nanotube (CNT)-based VLSI interconnects. Starting with a background of carbon nanotubes and interconnects, this book details various aspects of CNT interconnect models, the design metrics of CNT interconnects, crosstalk analysis of recently proposed CNT interconnect structures, and geometries. Various topics covered include the use of semiconducting CNTs around metallic CNTs, CNT interconnects with air gaps, use of emerging ultra low-k materials and their integration with CNT interconnects, and geometry-based crosstalk reduction techniques. This book will be useful for researchers and design engineers working on carbon nanotubes for interconnects for both 2D and 3D integrated circuits.
An Interdisciplinary Approach to Cognitive Modelling presents a new approach to cognition that challenges long-held views. It systematically develops a broad-based framework to model cognition, which is mathematically equivalent to the emerging ‘quantum-like modelling’ of the human mind. The book argues that a satisfactory physical and philosophical basis of such an approach is missing, a particular issue being the application of quantization to the mind for which there is no empirical evidence as yet. In response to this issue, the book adopts a COM (classical optical modelling) approach, broad-based but mathematically equivalent to quantum-like modelling while avoiding its problematic features. It presents a philosophically informed and empirically motivated mathematical model of cognition, mainly concerning decision-making processes. It also deals with applications to different areas of the social sciences. It will be of interest to scholars and research students interested in the mathematical modelling of cognition and decision-making, and also interdisciplinary researchers interested in broader issues of cognition.
This is a collection of theoretical papers, including contributions by Partha Dasgupta and three Nobel prize-winning economists: Kenneth Arrow, Amartya Sen, and Joseph Stiglitz. Originally published in 1982.
Partha Mitter's book is a pioneering study of the history of modern art on the Indian subcontinent from 1850 to 1922. The author tells the story of Indian art during the Raj, set against the interplay of colonialism and nationalism. The work addresses the tensions and contradictions that attended the advent of European naturalism in India, as part of the imperial design for the westernisation of the elite, and traces the artistic evolution from unquestioning westernisation to the construction of Hindu national identity. Through a wide range of literary and pictorial sources, Art and Nationalism in Colonial India balances the study of colonial cultural institutions and networks with the ideologies of the nationalist and intellectual movements which followed. The result is a book of immense significance, both in the context of South Asian history and in the wider context of art history.
Learn techniques of project scheduling using MS Excel and Solver. KEY FEATURES ● Covers methods to streamlining project completion and optimising budgets. ● Includes techniques for resolving business problems and optimising EVM. ● Examines project crashing strategies, linear programming solutions, and the Solver tool. DESCRIPTION This book assists project management professionals in resolving project crashing situations through linear programming. It demonstrates how the PM team can help streamline the project's on-time completion and cost optimization. The book begins with understanding project management processes and frameworks such as WBS, PDM, and EVM. The book helps build familiarity with the PM team's procedures to monitor a project. It helps investigate linear programming problems (LPPs) and the mathematical foundations for their formulation. It covers various approaches to solving the LPP, including graphical methods, their limitations, and the necessity of tools such as MS Excel's Solver. It also covers how the PM team can solve LPP with the help of Solver. This book covers various business and technical scenarios for crashing a project. It teaches how to formulate the problem of optimizing a project for time and cost using LPP. This book then discusses how LPP can be solved using Solver and more complex issues. It also explores the relationship between earned value management and crashing a project. WHAT YOU WILL LEARN ● Learn the process of developing the Work Breakdown Structure. ● Prepare a project schedule with all contingencies in consideration. ● Recognize the circumstances that necessitate considering crashing a project. ● Utilize linear programming to formulate and resolve project scheduling issues. ● Develop strong proficiency in using MS Excel for Project Management activities. WHO THIS BOOK IS FOR This book is intended for project management professionals at all levels, including project coordinators, operations analysts, quality analysts, and all stakeholders in a running project. Although not mandatory, some background in project management and familiarity with Microsoft Excel would be an advantage. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Project Scheduling 2. Earned Value Method 3. Linear Programming Problems 4. Crashing a Project 5. Using LPP to Crash a Project 6. More Complex Problems 7. Linking EVM and LPP 8. Annexure I: Microsoft Excel Basics 9. Annexure II: Advanced Methods of Crashing a Project
In 1921 a traveling religious man appeared in eastern British Bengal. Soon residents began to identify this half-naked and ash-smeared sannyasi as none other than the Second Kumar of Bhawal--a man believed to have died twelve years earlier, at the age of twenty-six. So began one of the most extraordinary legal cases in Indian history. The case would rivet popular attention for several decades as it unwound in courts from Dhaka and Calcutta to London. This narrative history tells an incredible story replete with courtroom drama, sexual debauchery, family intrigue, and squandered wealth. With a novelist's eye for interesting detail, Partha Chatterjee sifts through evidence found in official archives, popular songs, and backstreet Bangladeshi bookshops. He evaluates the case of the man claiming, with the support of legions of tenants and relatives, to be the long-lost Kumar. And he considers the position of the sannyasi's detractors, including the colonial government and the Kumar's young widow, who resolutely refused to meet the man she denounced as an impostor. Along the way, Chatterjee introduces us to a fascinating range of human character, gleans insights into the nature of human identity, and examines the relation between scientific evidence, legal truth, and cultural practice. The story he tells unfolds alongside decades of Indian history. Its plot is shaped by changing gender and class relations and punctuated by critical historical events, including the onset of World War II, the Bengal famine of 1943, and the Great Calcutta Killings. And by identifying the earliest erosion of colonialism and the growth of nationalist thinking within the organs of colonial power, Chatterjee also gives us a secret history of Indian nationalism.
When Siraj, the ruler of Bengal, overran the British settlement of Calcutta in 1756, he allegedly jailed 146 European prisoners overnight in a cramped prison. Of the group, 123 died of suffocation. While this episode was never independently confirmed, the story of "the black hole of Calcutta" was widely circulated and seen by the British public as an atrocity committed by savage colonial subjects. The Black Hole of Empire follows the ever-changing representations of this historical event and founding myth of the British Empire in India, from the eighteenth century to the present. Partha Chatterjee explores how a supposed tragedy paved the ideological foundations for the "civilizing" force of British imperial rule and territorial control in India. Chatterjee takes a close look at the justifications of modern empire by liberal thinkers, international lawyers, and conservative traditionalists, and examines the intellectual and political responses of the colonized, including those of Bengali nationalists. The two sides of empire's entwined history are brought together in the story of the Black Hole memorial: set up in Calcutta in 1760, demolished in 1821, restored by Lord Curzon in 1902, and removed in 1940 to a neglected churchyard. Challenging conventional truisms of imperial history, nationalist scholarship, and liberal visions of globalization, Chatterjee argues that empire is a necessary and continuing part of the history of the modern state.
Learn to assess textual data and extract sentiments using various text analysis R packages KEY FEATURES ● In-depth coverage on core principles, challenges, and application of Emotion Analysis. ● Includes real-world examples to simplify practical uses of R, Shiny, and various popular NLP techniques. ● Covers different strategies used in Sentiment and Emotion Analysis. DESCRIPTION This book covers how to conduct Emotion Analysis based on Lexicons. Through a detailed code walkthrough, the book will explain how to develop systems for Sentiment and Emotion Analysis from popular sources of data, including WhatsApp, Twitter, etc. The book starts with a discussion on R programming and Shiny programming as these will lay the foundation for the system to be developed for Emotion Analysis. Then, the book discusses essentials of Sentiment Analysis and Emotion Analysis. The book then proceeds to build Shiny applications for Emotion Analysis. The book rounds off with creating a tool for Emotion Analysis from the data obtained from Twitter and WhatsApp. Emotion Analysis can be also performed using Machine Learning. However, this requires labeled data. This is a logical next step after reading this book. WHAT YOU WILL LEARN ● Learn the essentials of Sentiment Analysis. ● Learn the essentials of Emotion Analysis. ● Conducting Emotion Analysis using Lexicons. ● Learn to develop Shiny applications. ● Understanding the essentials of R programming for developing systems for Emotion Analysis. WHO THIS BOOK IS FOR This book aspires to teach NLP users, ML engineers, and AI engineers who want to develop a strong understanding of Emotion and Sentiment Analysis. No prior knowledge of R programming is needed. All you need is just an open mind to learn and explore this concept. TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 1 Introduction to R Programming 1 Getting Started with R 2 Simple Operations using R 3 Developing Simple Applications in R Section 2 Introduction to Shiny Programming 4 Structure of Shiny Applications 5 Shiny Application 1 6 Shiny Application 2 Section 3 Emotion Analysis 7 Sentiment Analysis 8 Emotion Analysis 9 ZEUSg Section 4 Twitter Data Analysis 10 Introduction to Twitter Data Analysis 11 Emotion Analysis on Twitter Data 12 Chidiya BONUS CHAPTER WhatsApp Chat Analysis
In Human Well-Being and the Natural Environment, Partha Dasgupta explores ways to measure the quality of life. In developing quality-of-life indices, he pays particular attention to the natural environment, illustrating how it can be incorporated, more generally, into economic reasoning in a seamless manner. Professor Dasgupta puts the theory that he develops to use in extended commentaries on the economics of population, poverty traps, global warming, structural adjustment programmes, and free trade, particularly in relation to poor countries. The result is a treatise that goes beyond quality-of-life measures and offers a comprehensive account of the newly emergent subject of ecological economics. With the publication of this new paperback edition, Professor Dasgupta has taken the opportunity to update and revise his text in a number of ways, including developments to facilitate its current use on a number of gradate courses in environmental and resource economics. The treatment of the welfare economics of imperfect economies has been developed using new findings, and the Appendix has been expanded to include applications of the theory to a number of institutions, and to develop approximate formulae for estimating the value of environmental natural resources.
This book considers the politics of the Protestant Unionist Loyalist population in Northern Ireland during and following the peace process, and the political positioning of the main organizations representing organizations representing them as they inch towards a post-conflict society. Throughout the contemporary period, unionism has remained multilayered in its responses to key political events, sometimes reacting in complex and fractured ways that make it difficult for those outside that world to comprehend. One central question, however, remains. However, remains. How, if at all, has unionism changed following the political accord and the establishment of devolved government? The book sets out in detail how senses of identity and political processes are understood within unionism and how unionists and loyalists interpret these as a basis for social and political action. Using a wide range of sources the book highlights how new (and often competing) political discourses emerging from within have caused the reorganization of unionism, especially in response to those political groupings, which became known as `new loyalism' and `new unionism'. The book further investigates the dynamics behind the social and political fractures within unionism, identifying various fractions within contemporary unionism and loyalism and suggesting reasons for the flux within unionist politics.
This book introduces the step-by-step processes involved in using MCDM methods, starting from problem formulation, model development, and criteria weighting to the final ranking of the alternatives. The authors explain the different MCDM methods that can be used in specific manufacturing environments. The book explains the conceptual frameworks of how these methods are applied with special focus on their applicability and usefulness. The authors begin with an introduction to multi-criteria decision-making, followed by explanations of 29 MCDM methods and their applications. The final sections of the book describe helpful normalization techniques and criteria weight measurement techniques. The collection of diverse range of manufacturing applications and case studies presented here will aid readers in applying cutting-edge MCDM methods to their own manufacturing projects. As both a research and teaching tool, this book encourages critical and logical thinking when applying MCDM methods for solving complex manufacturing decision-making problems.
An interdisciplinary book by one of the most respected scholars in what is broadly development economics but encompasses the most recent insights from philosophical research and empirical work on resource allocation, nutrition science, and anthropology. It has been widely recognized as aseminal work presenting a wide-ranging description of the causes and remedies of poverty and undernourishment, and addressing the current debate over methods of estimating their incidence.
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