Panel on Biological Issues's Books

Countering Bioterrorism

The Role of Science and Technology

By: National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Committee on Science and Technology for Countering Terrorism,Panel on Biological Issues

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Countering Bioterrorism

The Role of Science and Technology

By: National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Committee on Science and Technology for Countering Terrorism,Panel on Biological Issues

The attacks of September 11 and the release of anthrax spores revealed enormous vulnerabilities in the U.S. public-health infrastructure and suggested similar vulnerabilities in the agricultural infrastructure as well. The traditional public health response-surveillance (intelligence), prevention, detection, response, recovery, and attribution-is the paradigm for the national response not only to all forms of terrorism but also to emerging infectious diseases. Thus, investments in research on bioterrorism will have enormous potential for application in the detection, prevention, and treatment of emerging infectious diseases that also are unpredictable and against which we must be prepared. The deciphering of the human genome sequence and the complete elucidation of numerous pathogen genomes, our rapidly increasing understanding of the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis and of immune responses, and new strategies for designing drugs and vaccines all offer unprecedented opportunities to use science to counter bioterrorist threats. But these same developments also allow science to be misused to create new agents of mass destruction. Hence the effort to confront bioterrorism must be a global one. Countering Bioterrorism makes the following recommendations: Recommendation 1: All agencies with responsibility for homeland security should work together to establish stronger and more meaningful working ties between the intelligence, S&T, and public health communities. Recommendation 2: Federal agencies should work cooperatively and in collaboration with industry to develop and evaluate rapid, sensitive, and specific early-detection technologies. Recommendation 3: Create a global network for detection and surveillance, making use of computerized methods for real-time reporting and analysis to rapidly detect new patterns of disease locally, nationally, and ultimately- internationally. The use of high-throughput methodologies that are being increasingly utilized in modern biological research should be an important component of this expanded and highly automated surveillance strategy. Recommendation 4: Use knowledge of complex biological patterns and high-throughput laboratory automation to classify and diagnose infections in patients in primary care settings. Recommendation 5: USDA should create an agency for control and prevention of plant disease. This agency should have the capabilities necessary to deal effectively with biothreats.

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105

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309086078

ISBN 13

9780309086073

Policy Implications of Greenhouse Warming

Mitigation, Adaptation, and the Science Base

By: National Academy of Engineering,National Academy of Sciences,Policy and Global Affairs,Institute of Medicine,Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy,Panel on Policy Implications of Greenhouse Warming

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Policy Implications of Greenhouse Warming

Mitigation, Adaptation, and the Science Base

Global warming continues to gain importance on the international agenda and calls for action are heightening. Yet, there is still controversy over what must be done and what is needed to proceed. Policy Implications of Greenhouse Warming describes the information necessary to make decisions about global warming resulting from atmospheric releases of radiatively active trace gases. The conclusions and recommendations include some unexpected results. The distinguished authoring committee provides specific advice for U.S. policy and addresses the need for an international response to potential greenhouse warming. It offers a realistic view of gaps in the scientific understanding of greenhouse warming and how much effort and expense might be required to produce definitive answers. The book presents methods for assessing options to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, offset emissions, and assist humans and unmanaged systems of plants and animals to adjust to the consequences of global warming.

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945

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309043867

ISBN 13

9780309043861

Climate Change 2014 – Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Part B: Regional Aspects: Volume 2, Regional Aspects

Working Group II Contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report

By: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

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Climate Change 2014 – Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Part B: Regional Aspects: Volume 2, Regional Aspects

Working Group II Contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report

By: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

This latest Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) will again form the standard reference for all those concerned with climate change and its consequences, including students, researchers and policy makers in environmental science, meteorology, climatology, biology, ecology, atmospheric chemistry and environmental policy.

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696

Publisher

Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1316240355

ISBN 13

9781316240359

The National Children's Study Research Plan

A Review

By: National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on National Statistics,Panel to Review the National Children's Study Research Plan

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The National Children's Study Research Plan

A Review

The National Children's Study (NCS) is planned to be the largest long-term study of environmental and genetic effects on children's health ever conducted in the United States. It proposes to examine the effects of environmental influences on the health and development of approximately 100,000 children across the United States, following them from before birth until age 21. By archiving all of the data collected, the NCS is intended to provide a valuable resource for analyses conducted many years into the future. This book evaluates the research plan for the NCS, by assessing the scientific rigor of the study and the extent to which it is being carried out with methods, measures, and collection of data and specimens to maximize the scientific yield of the study. The book concludes that if the NCS is conducted as proposed, the database derived from the study should be valuable for investigating hypotheses described in the research plan as well as additional hypotheses that will evolve. Nevertheless, there are important weaknesses and shortcomings in the research plan that diminish the study's expected value below what it might be.

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166

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309185920

ISBN 13

9780309185929

Development During Middle Childhood

The Years From Six to Twelve

By: Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Child Development Research and Public Policy,Panel to Review the Status of Basic Research on School-Age Children

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Development During Middle Childhood

The Years From Six to Twelve

For the first time, a report focuses specifically on middle childhoodâ€"a discrete, pivotal period of development. In this review of research, experts examine the physical health and cognitive development of 6- to 12-year-old children as well as their surroundings: school and home environment, ecocultural setting, and family and peer relationships.

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448

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309034787

ISBN 13

9780309034784

An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Physics Laboratory

Fiscal Year 2008

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Laboratory Assessments Board,Panel on Physics

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An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Physics Laboratory

Fiscal Year 2008

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Laboratory Assessments Board,Panel on Physics

The mission of the NIST Physics Laboratory is to support U.S. industry, government, and the scientific community by providing measurement services and research for electronic, optical, and radiation technology. In this respect, the laboratory provides the foundation for the metrology of optical and ionizing radiations, time and frequency, and fundamental quantum processes, historically major areas of standards and technology. The Panel on Physics visited the six divisions of the laboratory and reviewed a selected sample of their programs and projects. This book finds that the overall quality and productivity of the Physics Laboratory are comparable to or better than those of other peer institutions, an accomplishment that is being achieved with an infrastructure that is smaller in both size and funding than the size and funding of most national and agency laboratories in the United States.

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309127378

ISBN 13

9780309127370

Preventing HIV Transmission

The Role of Sterile Needles and Bleach

By: Panel on Needle Exchange and Bleach Distribution Programs,Institute of Medicine,National Research Council and Institute of Medicine

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Preventing HIV Transmission

The Role of Sterile Needles and Bleach

By: Panel on Needle Exchange and Bleach Distribution Programs,Institute of Medicine,National Research Council and Institute of Medicine

This volume addresses the interface of two major national problems: the epidemic of HIV-AIDS and the widespread use of illegal injection drugs. Should communities have the option of giving drug users sterile needles or bleach for cleaning needs in order to reduce the spread of HIV? Does needle distribution worsen the drug problem, as opponents of such programs argue? Do they reduce the spread of other serious diseases, such as hepatitis? Do they result in more used needles being carelessly discarded in the community? The panel takes a critical look at the available data on needle exchange and bleach distribution programs, reaches conclusions about their efficacy, and offers concrete recommendations for public policy to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS. The book includes current knowledge about the epidemiologies of HIV/AIDS and injection drug use; characteristics of needle exchange and bleach distribution programs and views on those programs from diverse community groups; and a discussion of laws designed to control possession of needles, their impact on needle sharing among injection drug users, and their implications for needle exchange programs.

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353

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309588219

ISBN 13

9780309588218

Assessment of the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies Program

III. Social and Economic Studies

By: Socioeconomics Panel,Committee to Review the Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies Program,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Division on Earth and Life Studies,National Research Council

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Assessment of the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies Program

III. Social and Economic Studies

This is the third of four volumes from the Committee to Review the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) Environmental Studies Program (ESP). The first two dealt with physical, oceanographic, and ecological aspects of the program. This book presents the findings of the panel's investigation of the social and economic relevance of OCS oil and gas activities and the social and economic aspects of the ESP. It describes the potential effects of OCS activities on the human environment, presents an ideal socioeconomic studies program, and comments on the current program in the Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, Pacific, and Alaska regions.

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164

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309572878

ISBN 13

9780309572873

Eliminating Health Disparities

Measurement and Data Needs

By: National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Panel on DHHS Collection of Race and Ethnicity Data

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Eliminating Health Disparities

Measurement and Data Needs

By: National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Panel on DHHS Collection of Race and Ethnicity Data

Disparities in health and health care across racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic backgrounds in the United States are well documented. The reasons for these disparities are, however, not well understood. Current data available on race, ethnicity, SEP, and accumulation and language use are severely limited. The report examines data collection and reporting systems relating to the collection of data on race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic position and offers recommendations.

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311

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309092310

ISBN 13

9780309092319

Assessment of the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies Program

III. Social and Economic Studies

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee to Review the Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies Program,Socioeconomics Panel

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Assessment of the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies Program

III. Social and Economic Studies

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164

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309048354

ISBN 13

9780309048354

Decade-to-Century-Scale Climate Variability and Change

A Science Strategy

By: Panel on Climate Variability on Decade-to-Century Time Scales,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Division on Earth and Life Studies,National Research Council

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Decade-to-Century-Scale Climate Variability and Change

A Science Strategy

By: Panel on Climate Variability on Decade-to-Century Time Scales,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Division on Earth and Life Studies,National Research Council

Society today may be more vulnerable to global-scale, long-term, climate change than ever before. Even without any human influence, past records show that climate can be expected to continue to undergo considerable change over decades to centuries. Measures for adaption and mitigation will call for policy decisions based on a sound scientific foundation. Better understanding and prediction of climate variations can be achieved most efficiently through a nationally recognized "dec-cen" science plan. This book articulates the scientific issues that must be addressed to advance us efficiently toward that understanding and outlines the data collection and modeling needed.

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161

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309523869

ISBN 13

9780309523868

Climate Change 2001: Synthesis Report

Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

By: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Working Group I.

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Climate Change 2001: Synthesis Report

Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

By: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Working Group I.

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was set up jointly by UNEP and the World Meteorological Organisation in 1988 to provide periodic scientific analysis of the causes, impacts and possible policy response options to climate change issues. This synthesis report is the 4th and final part of the IPCC's third assessment report, and contains information on nine policy-relevant questions regarding the IPCC's 2001 assessment. It is intended to assist governments, individually and collectively, to formulate appropriate adaptation and mitigation responses to the threat of human-induced climate change.

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416

Publisher

Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0521015073

ISBN 13

9780521015073

An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Center for Neutron Research

Fiscal Year 2010

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Laboratory Assessments Board,Panel on Neutron Research

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An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Center for Neutron Research

Fiscal Year 2010

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Laboratory Assessments Board,Panel on Neutron Research

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Center for Neutron Research (NCNR) is a national user facility whose mission is to ensure the availability of neutron measurement capabilities in order to meet the needs of U.S. researchers from industry, academia, and government agencies. This mission is aligned with the mission of NIST, which is to promote U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness by advancing measurement science, standards, and technology in ways that enhance economic security and improve the quality of life. As requested by the Deputy Director of NIST, this book assesses NCNR, based on the following criteria: (1) the technical merit of the current laboratory programs relative to current state-of-the-art programs worldwide; (2) the adequacy of the laboratory budget, facilities, equipment, and human resources, as they affect the quality of the laboratory technical programs; and (3) the degree to which the laboratory programs in measurement science and standards achieve their stated objectives and desired impact.

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309161703

ISBN 13

9780309161701

Climate Change 2007 - Mitigation of Climate Change

Working Group III contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC

By: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

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Climate Change 2007 - Mitigation of Climate Change

Working Group III contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC

By: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

The Climate Change 2007 volumes of the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) provide the most comprehensive and balanced assessment of climate change available. This IPCC Working Group III volume provides a comprehensive, state-of-the-art and worldwide overview of scientific knowledge related to the mitigation of climate change. It includes a detailed assessment of costs and potentials of mitigation technologies and practices, implementation barriers, and policy options for the sectors: energy supply, transport, buildings, industry, agriculture, forestry and waste management. It links sustainable development policies with climate change practices. This volume will again be the standard reference for all those concerned with climate change, including students and researchers, analysts and decision-makers in governments and the private sector.

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Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1139468642

ISBN 13

9781139468640

Book's by Panel on Biological Issues

Countering Bioterrorism

Countering Bioterrorism

Policy Implications of Greenhouse Warming

Policy Implications of Greenhouse Warming

Climate Change 2014 – Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Part B: Regional Aspects: Volume 2, Regional Aspects

Climate Change 2014 – Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Part B: Regional Aspects: Volume 2, Regional Aspects

The National Children's Study Research Plan

The National Children's Study Research Plan

Development During Middle Childhood

Development During Middle Childhood

An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Physics Laboratory

An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Physics Laboratory

Preventing HIV Transmission

Preventing HIV Transmission

Assessment of the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies Program

Assessment of the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies Program

Eliminating Health Disparities

Eliminating Health Disparities

Assessment of the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies Program

Assessment of the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Studies Program

Decade-to-Century-Scale Climate Variability and Change

Decade-to-Century-Scale Climate Variability and Change

Climate Change 2001: Synthesis Report

Climate Change 2001: Synthesis Report

An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Center for Neutron Research

An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Center for Neutron Research

Climate Change 2007 - Mitigation of Climate Change

Climate Change 2007 - Mitigation of Climate Change

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