Panel for Review of Best Practices in Assessment of Research's Books

Best Practices in Assessment of Research and Development Organizations

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Laboratory Assessments Board,Panel for Review of Best Practices in Assessment of Research and Development Organizations,Panel for Review of Best Practices in Assessment of Research

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Best Practices in Assessment of Research and Development Organizations

Research and development (R&D) organizations are operated by government, business, academe, and independent institutes. The success of their parent organizations is closely tied to the success of these R&D organizations. In this report, organizations refers to an organization that performs research and/or development activities (often a laboratory), and parent refers to the superordinate organization of which the R&D organization is a part. When the organization under discussion is formally labeled a laboratory, it is referred to as such. The question arises: How does one know whether an organization and its programs are achieving excellence in the best interests of its parent? Does the organization have an appropriate research staff, facilities, and equipment? Is it doing the right things at high levels of quality, relevance, and timeliness? Does it lead to successful new concepts, products, or processes that support the interests of its parent? This report offers assessment guidelines for senior management of organizations and of their parents. The report lists the major principles of assessment, noting that details will vary from one organization to another. It provides sufficient information to inform the design of assessments, but it does not prescribe precisely how to perform them, because different techniques are needed for different types of organizations. Best Practices in Assessment of Research and Development Organizations covers three key factors that underpin the success of an R&D organization: (1) the mission of the organization and its alignment with that of the parents; (2) the relevance and impact of the organization's work; and (3) the resources provided to the organization, beginning with a high-quality staff and management.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309266262

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9780309266260

Improved Operational Testing and Evaluation and Methods of Combining Test Information for the Stryker Family of Vehicles and Related Army Systems

Phase II Report

By: National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Panel on Operational Test Design and Evaluation of the Interim Armored Vehicle

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Improved Operational Testing and Evaluation and Methods of Combining Test Information for the Stryker Family of Vehicles and Related Army Systems

Phase II Report

By: National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Panel on Operational Test Design and Evaluation of the Interim Armored Vehicle

The U.S. Army Test and Evaluation Command (ATEC) is responsible for the operational testing and evaluation of Army systems in development. ATEC requested that the National Research Council form the Panel on Operational Test Design and Evaluation of the Interim Armored Vehicle (Stryker). The charge to this panel was to explore three issues concerning the IOT plans for the Stryker/SBCT. First, the panel was asked to examine the measures selected to assess the performance and effectiveness of the Stryker/SBCT in comparison both to requirements and to the baseline system. Second, the panel was asked to review the test design for the Stryker/SBCT initial operational test to see whether it is consistent with best practices. Third, the panel was asked to identify the advantages and disadvantages of techniques for combining operational test data with data from other sources and types of use. In a previous report (appended to the current report) the panel presented findings, conclusions, and recommendations pertaining to the first two issues: measures of performance and effectiveness, and test design. In the current report, the panel discusses techniques for combining information.

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228

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309091020

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9780309091022

An Assessment of Four Divisions of the Information Technology Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology

Fiscal Year 2018

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Laboratory Assessments Board,Committee on NIST Technical Programs,Panel on Review of the Information Technology Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology

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An Assessment of Four Divisions of the Information Technology Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology

Fiscal Year 2018

An Assessment of Four Divisions of the Information Technology Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology: Fiscal Year 2018 assesses the scientific and technical work performed by four divisions of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Information Technology Laboratory. This publication reviews technical reports and technical program descriptions prepared by NIST staff and summarizes the findings of the authoring panel.

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National Academies Press

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0309485584

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9780309485586

Public Participation in Environmental Assessment and Decision Making

By: National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on the Human Dimensions of Global Change,Panel on Public Participation in Environmental Assessment and Decision Making

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Public Participation in Environmental Assessment and Decision Making

Federal agencies have taken steps to include the public in a wide range of environmental decisions. Although some form of public participation is often required by law, agencies usually have broad discretion about the extent of that involvement. Approaches vary widely, from holding public information-gathering meetings to forming advisory groups to actively including citizens in making and implementing decisions. Proponents of public participation argue that those who must live with the outcome of an environmental decision should have some influence on it. Critics maintain that public participation slows decision making and can lower its quality by including people unfamiliar with the science involved. This book concludes that, when done correctly, public participation improves the quality of federal agencies' decisions about the environment. Well-managed public involvement also increases the legitimacy of decisions in the eyes of those affected by them, which makes it more likely that the decisions will be implemented effectively. This book recommends that agencies recognize public participation as valuable to their objectives, not just as a formality required by the law. It details principles and approaches agencies can use to successfully involve the public.

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323

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309123984

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9780309123983

A Review of the EPA Water Security Research and Technical Support Action Plan

Parts I and II

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Panel on Water System Security Research

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A Review of the EPA Water Security Research and Technical Support Action Plan

Parts I and II

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Panel on Water System Security Research

The report examines a draft plan, prepared by the Environmental Protection Agency, that identifies critical security issues for drinking water and wastewater and outlines related research and technical support needs. This report recommends increased attention to interagency coordination and encourages additional consideration of current restrictions on secure information dissemination. It further suggests that EPA incorporate the results of their research activities into an integrated water security guidance document to improve support for water and wastewater utilities.

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236

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309089824

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9780309089821

Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability

Contribution of Working Group II to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

By: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Working Group II.

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Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability

Contribution of Working Group II to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

By: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Working Group II.

Some issues addressed in this Working Group III volume are mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions, managing biological carbon reservoirs, geo-engineering, costing methods, and decision-making frameworks.

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1044

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Cambridge University Press

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ISBN 10

0521015006

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9780521015004

An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Material Measurement Laboratory

Fiscal Year 2017

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Laboratory Assessments Board,Committee on NIST Technical Programs,Panel on Review of the Material Measurement Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology

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An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Material Measurement Laboratory

Fiscal Year 2017

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Laboratory Assessments Board,Committee on NIST Technical Programs,Panel on Review of the Material Measurement Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology

An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Material Measurement Laboratory: Fiscal Year 2017 assesses the scientific and technical work performed by the National Institute of Standards (NIST). This publication reviews technical reports and technical program descriptions prepared by NIST staff summarizes the findings of the authoring panel.

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105

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309469473

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9780309469470

The 2014 Redesign of the Survey of Income and Program Participation

An Assessment

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Panel on the Review and Evaluation of the 2014 Survey of Income and Program Participation: Content and Design

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The 2014 Redesign of the Survey of Income and Program Participation

An Assessment

The Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) is a national, longitudinal household survey conducted by the Census Bureau. SIPP serves as a tool to evaluate the effectiveness of government-sponsored social programs and to analyze the impacts of actual or proposed modifications to those programs. SIPP was designed to fill a need for data that would give policy makers and researchers a much better grasp of how effectively government programs were reaching their target populations, how participation in different programs overlapped, and to what extent and under what circumstances people transitioned into and out of these programs. SIPP was also designed to answer questions about the short-term dynamics of employment, living arrangements, and economic well-being. The Census Bureau has reengineered SIPPâ€"fielding the initial redesigned survey in 2014. This report evaluates the new design compared with the old design. It compares key estimates across the two designs, evaluates the content of the redesigned SIPP and the impact of the new design on respondent burden, and considers content changes for future improvement of SIPP.

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219

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

030946420X

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9780309464208

Decision Making for the Environment

Social and Behavioral Science Research Priorities

By: National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Center for Economic, Governance, and International Studies,Committee on the Human Dimensions of Global Change,Panel on Social and Behavioral Science Research Priorities for Environmental Decision Making

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Decision Making for the Environment

Social and Behavioral Science Research Priorities

With the growing number, complexity, and importance of environmental problems come demands to include a full range of intellectual disciplines and scholarly traditions to help define and eventually manage such problems more effectively. Decision Making for the Environment: Social and Behavioral Science Research Priorities is the result of a 2-year effort by 12 social and behavioral scientists, scholars, and practitioners. The report sets research priorities for the social and behavioral sciences as they relate to several different kinds of environmental problems.

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297

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309095409

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9780309095402

Advancing the Science of Climate Change

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,America's Climate Choices: Panel on Advancing the Science of Climate Change

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Advancing the Science of Climate Change

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,America's Climate Choices: Panel on Advancing the Science of Climate Change

Climate change is occurring, is caused largely by human activities, and poses significant risks for-and in many cases is already affecting-a broad range of human and natural systems. The compelling case for these conclusions is provided in Advancing the Science of Climate Change, part of a congressionally requested suite of studies known as America's Climate Choices. While noting that there is always more to learn and that the scientific process is never closed, the book shows that hypotheses about climate change are supported by multiple lines of evidence and have stood firm in the face of serious debate and careful evaluation of alternative explanations. As decision makers respond to these risks, the nation's scientific enterprise can contribute through research that improves understanding of the causes and consequences of climate change and also is useful to decision makers at the local, regional, national, and international levels. The book identifies decisions being made in 12 sectors, ranging from agriculture to transportation, to identify decisions being made in response to climate change. Advancing the Science of Climate Change calls for a single federal entity or program to coordinate a national, multidisciplinary research effort aimed at improving both understanding and responses to climate change. Seven cross-cutting research themes are identified to support this scientific enterprise. In addition, leaders of federal climate research should redouble efforts to deploy a comprehensive climate observing system, improve climate models and other analytical tools, invest in human capital, and improve linkages between research and decisions by forming partnerships with action-oriented programs.

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National Academies Press

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0309145880

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9780309145886

An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Information Technology Laboratory

Fiscal Year 2011

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Laboratory Assessments Board,Panel on Information Technology

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An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Information Technology Laboratory

Fiscal Year 2011

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Laboratory Assessments Board,Panel on Information Technology

Since 1959, the National Research Council (NRC), at the request of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), has annually assembled panels of experts to assess the quality and effectiveness of the NIST measurements and standards laboratories. In 2011, the NRC evaluated three of the six NIST laboratories: the Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology (CNST), the NIST Center for Neutron Research (NCNR) and the Information Technology Laboratory (ITL). Each of these was addressed individually by a separate panel of experts; this report assesses ITL.

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030922005X

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9780309220057

A Review of the Draft 2013 National Climate Assessment

By: National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Environmental Change and Society,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Studies and Climate,Panel to Review the National Climate Assessment

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A Review of the Draft 2013 National Climate Assessment

As mandated by the Global Change Research Act (GCRA), the U.S. Global Change Research Program is currently producing a "National Climate Assessment" (NCA). The NCA is a report to inform the President, the Congress, and the American people about the current state of scientific knowledge regarding climate change effects on U.S. regions and key sectors, now and in the coming decades. This document contains an evaluation of the draft NCA report, presented through consensus responses to the Panel's Task Statement questions, and through a large collection of individual Panel member comments and suggestions for specific chapters, statements, figures, etc. While focusing primarily on practical suggestions for immediately improving the current draft, the Panel also raises some broader considerations about fundamental approaches used in certain parts of the NCA report, and about the scope of USGCRP research that underlies the NCA findings. Some suggestions can be viewed as longer-term advice for future versions of NCA work. This NCA has been a significantly more ambitious effort than previous assessments, in terms of the scope of topics addressed and the breadth of public engagement processes involved. Some of the important new areas include the use of "traceable accounts," the articulation of needs for future research and a vision for an ongoing assessment process, the outreach efforts to help various stakeholders define their climate-related information needs, and the initial (though incomplete) effort to assess the current state of climate change response activities around the nation. Given the current state of the science and the scope of resources available, we believe the NCA did a reasonable job of fulfilling its charge overall. Although more needs to be done to fully meet the nation's needs for information and guidance, such needs cannot be met without an expanded research effort on the part of the USGCRP and future assessments. The Panel suggests that the NCA report would be improved by addressing the numerous specific problems and concerns and the more cross-cutting issues raised in the consensus answers to the Task Statement questions-which include, for instance, the need to: 1. provide a clear overarching framework for the report that helps readers understand climate change as part of a complex system with interacting physical, biological, and human social/economic dimensions, and offers practical guidance on using iterative risk management strategies to make decisions in the face of large uncertainties; 2. clearly acknowledge how climate change affects and is affected by other types of major global environmental changes and other societal developments; 3. offer an explicit discussion about the uncertainties associated with the regional model projections presented in the NCA draft; 4. take full advantage of the e-book format planned for this document through strategic use of hyperlinks among different parts of the report and other innovative approaches that help guide the experience of the NCA's diverse audiences. As the nation continues to engage with the threats, opportunities, and surprises of climate change in its many manifestations, the 2013 NCA should prove to be a valuable resource, as a summary of the state of knowledge about climate change and its implications for the American people.

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131

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309284724

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9780309284721

Evaluation of the U.S. Department of Energy's Alternatives for the Removal and Disposition of Molten Salt Reactor Experiment Fluoride Salts

By: Molten Salt Panel of the Committee on Remediation of Buried and Tank Wastes,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Division on Earth and Life Studies,National Research Council

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Evaluation of the U.S. Department of Energy's Alternatives for the Removal and Disposition of Molten Salt Reactor Experiment Fluoride Salts

By: Molten Salt Panel of the Committee on Remediation of Buried and Tank Wastes,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Division on Earth and Life Studies,National Research Council

This book discusses the technical alternatives for cleanup of radioactive fluoride salts that were the fuel for the Molten Salt Reactor Experiment, a novel nuclear reactor design that was tested in the 1960s at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee. These fluoride salts pose an unusual cleanup challenge. The book discusses alternatives for processing and removing the salts based on present knowledge of fluoride salt chemistry and nuclear reactions of the radioactive constituents.

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148

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309590108

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9780309590105

Evaluation of the U.S. Department of Energy's Alternatives for the Removal and Disposition of Molten Salt Reactor Experiment Fluoride Salts

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Molten Salt Panel of the Committee on Remediation of Buried and Tank Wastes

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Evaluation of the U.S. Department of Energy's Alternatives for the Removal and Disposition of Molten Salt Reactor Experiment Fluoride Salts

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Molten Salt Panel of the Committee on Remediation of Buried and Tank Wastes

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148

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309056845

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9780309056847

Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation

Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

By: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

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Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation

Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

By: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Extreme weather and climate events, interacting with exposed and vulnerable human and natural systems, can lead to disasters. This Special Report explores the social as well as physical dimensions of weather- and climate-related disasters, considering opportunities for managing risks at local to international scales. SREX was approved and accepted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on 18 November 2011 in Kampala, Uganda.

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593

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Cambridge University Press

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ISBN 10

1107025060

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9781107025066

Informing an Effective Response to Climate Change

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,America's Climate Choices: Panel on Informing Effective Decisions and Actions Related to Climate Change

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Informing an Effective Response to Climate Change

Global climate change is one of America's most significant long-term policy challenges. Human activity-especially the use of fossil fuels, industrial processes, livestock production, waste disposal, and land use change-is affecting global average temperatures, snow and ice cover, sea-level, ocean acidity, growing seasons and precipitation patterns, ecosystems, and human health. Climate-related decisions are being carried out by almost every agency of the federal government, as well as many state and local government leaders and agencies, businesses and individual citizens. Decision makers must contend with the availability and quality of information, the efficacy of proposed solutions, the unanticipated consequences resulting from decisions, the challenge of implementing chosen actions, and must consider how to sustain the action over time and respond to new information. Informing an Effective Response to Climate Change, a volume in the America's Climate Choices series, describes and assesses different activities, products, strategies, and tools for informing decision makers about climate change and helping them plan and execute effective, integrated responses. It discusses who is making decisions (on the local, state, and national levels), who should be providing information to make decisions, and how that information should be provided. It covers all levels of decision making, including international, state, and individual decision making. While most existing research has focused on the physical aspect of climate change, Informing an Effective Response to Climate Change employs theory and case study to describe the efforts undertaken so far, and to guide the development of future decision-making resources. Informing an Effective Response to Climate Change offers much-needed guidance to those creating public policy and assists in implementing that policy. The information presented in this book will be invaluable to the research community, especially social scientists studying climate change; practitioners of decision-making assistance, including advocacy organizations, non-profits, and government agencies; and college-level teachers and students.

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346

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309145945

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9780309145947

Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace

Low Back and Upper Extremities

By: Institute of Medicine,National Research Council,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Panel on Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace

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Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace

Low Back and Upper Extremities

By: Institute of Medicine,National Research Council,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Panel on Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace

Every year workers' low-back, hand, and arm problems lead to time away from jobs and reduce the nation's economic productivity. The connection of these problems to workplace activities-from carrying boxes to lifting patients to pounding computer keyboards-is the subject of major disagreements among workers, employers, advocacy groups, and researchers. Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace examines the scientific basis for connecting musculoskeletal disorders with the workplace, considering people, job tasks, and work environments. A multidisciplinary panel draws conclusions about the likelihood of causal links and the effectiveness of various intervention strategies. The panel also offers recommendations for what actions can be considered on the basis of current information and for closing information gaps. This book presents the latest information on the prevalence, incidence, and costs of musculoskeletal disorders and identifies factors that influence injury reporting. It reviews the broad scope of evidence: epidemiological studies of physical and psychosocial variables, basic biology, biomechanics, and physical and behavioral responses to stress. Given the magnitude of the problem-approximately 1 million people miss some work each year-and the current trends in workplace practices, this volume will be a must for advocates for workplace health, policy makers, employers, employees, medical professionals, engineers, lawyers, and labor officials.

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510

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309132991

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9780309132992

Climate Change 2014 – Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects: Volume 1, Global and Sectoral Aspects

Working Group II Contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report

By: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

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Climate Change 2014 – Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects: Volume 1, Global and Sectoral Aspects

Working Group II Contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report

By: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

This latest Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) will again form the standard reference for all those concerned with climate change and its consequences, including students, researchers and policy makers in environmental science, meteorology, climatology, biology, ecology, atmospheric chemistry and environmental policy.

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1150

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Cambridge University Press

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ISBN 10

1316240347

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9781316240342

Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change

Working Group III Contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report

By: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

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Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change

Working Group III Contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report

By: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

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1458

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Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1316395375

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9781316395370

Evaluating Welfare Reform

A Framework and Review of Current Work, Interim Report

By: National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Panel on Data and Methods for Measuring the Effects of Changes in Social Welfare Programs

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Evaluating Welfare Reform

A Framework and Review of Current Work, Interim Report

The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996 fundamentally changed the nation's social welfare system, replacing a federal entitlement program for low-income families, called Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), with state-administered block grants, the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program. PRWORA furthered a trend started earlier in the decade under so called "waiver" programs-state experiments with different types of AFDC rules-toward devolution of design and control of social welfare programs from the federal government to the states. The legislation imposed several new, major requirements on state use of federal welfare funds but otherwise freed states to reconfigure their programs as they want. The underlying goal of the legislation is to decrease dependence on welfare and increase the self-sufficiency of poor families in the United States. In summer 1998, the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE) of the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) asked the Committee on National Statistics of the National Research Council to convene a Panel on Data and Methods for Measuring the Effects of Changes in Social Welfare Programs. The panel's overall charge is to study and make recommendations on the best strategies for evaluating the effects of PRWORA and other welfare reforms and to make recommendations on data needs for conducting useful evaluations. This interim report presents the panel's initial conclusions and recommendations. Given the short length of time the panel has been in existence, this report necessarily treats many issues in much less depth than they will be treated in the final report. The report has an immediate short-run goal of providing DHHS-ASPE with recommendations regarding some of its current projects, particularly those recently funded to study "welfare leavers"-former welfare recipients who have left the welfare rolls as part of the recent decline in welfare caseloads.

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159

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309066492

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9780309066495

Review of Three Divisions of the Information Technology Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology

Fiscal Year 2015

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Review of Three Divisions of the Information Technology Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology

Fiscal Year 2015

At the request of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine has, since 1959, annually assembled panels of experts from academia, industry, medicine, and other scientific and engineering environments to assess the quality and effectiveness of the NIST measurements and standards laboratories, of which there are now seven, as well as the adequacy of the laboratories' resources. Review of Three Divisions of the Information Technology Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology: Fiscal Year 2015 assesses the organization's technical programs, the portfolio of scientific expertise within the organization, the adequacy of the organization's facilities, equipment, and human resources, and the effectiveness by which the organization disseminates its program outputs.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309389062

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9780309389068

Analytical Methods and Approaches for Water Resources Project Planning

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee to Assess the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Methods of Analysis and Peer Review for Water Resources Project Planning,Panel on Methods and Techniques of Project Analysis

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Analytical Methods and Approaches for Water Resources Project Planning

Analytical Methods and Approaches for Water Resources Project Planningis part of a larger study that was conducted in response to a request from the U.S. Congress in the Water Resources Development Act of 2000 for the National Academy of Sciences to review the U.S. Army Corps of Engineer's peer review methods and analytical approaches. This report reviews the Corps' analytical procedures and planning methods, largely in the context of the federal Economic and Environmental Principles and Guidelines for Water and Related Land Resources Implementation Studies, also known as the Principles and Guidelines or "P and G" (P&G), as well as the Corps' Planning Guidance Notebook (PGN).

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165

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309166187

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9780309166188

Climate Change 2014 – Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Part B: Regional Aspects: Volume 2, Regional Aspects

Working Group II Contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report

By: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

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Climate Change 2014 – Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Part B: Regional Aspects: Volume 2, Regional Aspects

Working Group II Contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report

By: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

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696

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Cambridge University Press

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ISBN 10

1316240355

ISBN 13

9781316240359

An Assessment of the Smart Manufacturing Activities at the National Institute of Standards and Technology Engineering Laboratory

Fiscal Year 2017

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Laboratory Assessments Board,Committee on NIST Technical Programs,Panel on Review of the Engineering Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology

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An Assessment of the Smart Manufacturing Activities at the National Institute of Standards and Technology Engineering Laboratory

Fiscal Year 2017

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Laboratory Assessments Board,Committee on NIST Technical Programs,Panel on Review of the Engineering Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology

The mission of the Engineering Laboratory (EL) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is to "promote U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness by advancing measurement science, standards, and technology for engineered systems in ways that enhance economic security and improve quality of life." To support this mission the EL has developed thrusts in smart manufacturing, construction, and cyberphysical systems; in sustainable and energy-efficient manufacturing materials and infrastructure; and in disaster-resilient buildings, infrastructure, and communities. The technical work of the EL is performed in five divisions - Intelligent Systems, Materials and Structural Systems, Energy and Environment, Systems Integration, and Fire Research - and in two offices - the Applied Economics Office and the Smart Grid Program Office. At the request of the acting director of NIST, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine assesses the scientific and technical work performed by the NIST Engineering Laboratory (EL). This publication reviews technical reports and technical program descriptions prepared by NIST staff summarizes the findings of the authoring panel.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

030946952X

ISBN 13

9780309469524

Climate Change 2022 – Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability

Working Group II Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

By: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

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Climate Change 2022 – Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability

Working Group II Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

By: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

The Working Group II contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) provides a comprehensive assessment of the scientific literature relevant to climate change impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. The report recognizes the interactions of climate, ecosystems and biodiversity, and human societies, and integrates across the natural, ecological, social and economic sciences. It emphasizes how efforts in adaptation and in reducing greenhouse gas emissions can come together in a process called climate resilient development, which enables a liveable future for biodiversity and humankind. The IPCC is the leading body for assessing climate change science. IPCC reports are produced in comprehensive, objective and transparent ways, ensuring they reflect the full range of views in the scientific literature. Novel elements include focused topical assessments, and an atlas presenting observed climate change impacts and future risks from global to regional scales. Available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

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3070

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Cambridge University Press

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1009445383

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9781009445382

Review and Evaluation of Alternative Chemical Disposal Technologies

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Panel on Review and Evaluation of Alternative Chemical Disposal Technologies

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Review and Evaluation of Alternative Chemical Disposal Technologies

In 1994 the National Research Council published Recommendations for the Disposal of Chemical Agents and Munitions, which assessed the status of various alternative destruction technologies in comparison to the Army's baseline incineration system. The volume's main finding was that no alternative technology was preferable to incineration but that work should continue on the neutralization technologies under Army consideration. In light of the fact that alternative technologies have evolved since the 1994 study, this new volume evaluates five Army-chosen alternatives to the baseline incineration system for the disposal of the bulk nerve and mustard agent stored in ton containers at Army sites located in Newport, Indiana, and Aberdeen, Maryland, respectively. The committee assessed each technology by conducting site visits to the locations of the technology proponent companies and by meeting with state regulators and citizens of the affected areas. This volume makes recommendations to the Army on which, if any, of the five technologies has reached a level of maturity appropriate for consideration for pilot-scale testing at the two affected sites.

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273

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309055253

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9780309055253

Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,America's Climate Choices: Panel on Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change

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Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,America's Climate Choices: Panel on Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change

Across the United States, impacts of climate change are already evident. Heat waves have become more frequent and intense, cold extremes have become less frequent, and patterns of rainfall are likely changing. The proportion of precipitation that falls as rain rather than snow has increased across the western United States and Arctic sea ice has been reduced significantly. Sea level has been rising faster than at any time in recent history, threatening the natural and built environments on the coasts. Even if emissions of greenhouse gases were substantially reduced now, climate change and its resulting impacts would continue for some time to come. To date, decisions related to the management and protection of the nation's people, resources, and infrastructure have been based on records in the recent past, when climate was relatively stable. Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change, part of the congressionally requested America's Climate Choices suite of studies, calls for a new paradigm-one that considers a range of possible future climate conditions and impacts that may be well outside the realm of past experience. Adaptation requires actions from many decision makers in federal, state, tribal, and local governments; the private sector; non-governmental organizations; and community groups. However, current efforts are hampered by a lack of solid information about the benefits, costs, and effectiveness of various adaptation options; climate information on regional and local scales; and a lack of coordination. Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change calls for a national adaptation strategy that provides needed technical and scientific resources, incentives to begin adaptation planning, guidance across jurisdictions, shared lessons learned, and support of scientific research to expand knowledge of impacts and adaptation.

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292

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National Academies Press

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0309145910

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9780309145916

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