This book examines the kinds of transitions that have been studied in mathematics education research. It defines transition as a process of change, and describes learning in an educational context as a transition process. The book focuses on research in the area of mathematics education, and starts out with a literature review, describing the epistemological, cognitive, institutional and sociocultural perspectives on transition. It then looks at the research questions posed in the studies and their link with transition, and examines the theoretical approaches and methods used. It explores whether the research conducted has led to the identification of continuous processes, successive steps, or discontinuities. It answers the question of whether there are difficulties attached to the discontinuities identified, and if so, whether the research proposes means to reduce the gap – to create a transition. The book concludes with directions for future research on transitions in mathematics education.
This new edition of Korea Briefing provides a timely analysis of the evolving relationship between South and North Korea. In June 2000, after years of ignoring the South Korean government, the North Korean leader Kim Jong II finally agreed to a summit meeting with South Korea's President Kim Dae Jung. As a sign of reconciliation, the summit meeting has prompted Korea and its neighbors to rethink the assumptions of the Cold War era. With contributions by a multi-national panel of Koreanexperts, the book discusses a wide range of topics, including South Korean politics and economy; Korea's relations with its neighbors and with the United States; recent changes in North Korea; the fate of North Korean defectors; and lessons in German reunification for the two Koreas. The discussions are supplemented by a glossary, a chronology of events occurring from June 1999 to June 2001, and a bibliography.
Here for the first time are translations of five plays by Oh T'ae-sok, Korea's leading playwright and one of the most original dramatists and stage-directors working in Asia today. Drawing inspiration from both East and West and combining styles as disparate as ancient Korean masked dance-drama and contemporary avant-garde theater, these plays range from raucous comedy to historical tragedy, from explorations of the impact of the Korean War to bitter satires of modern Korean life. A stunning visual storyteller, Oh mines Korea's cultural and theatrical traditions--not to preserve them but to interrogate them in light of present social conditions and to reconstruct a new theatrical form that challenges both old and current conventions alike. His metacultural theater investigates "Koreaness" from the perspectives of many different cultures, while at the same time probing the meaning of culture itself.
This book investigates 1 Corinthians 1-4 from a rhetorical and social perspective and explores that a divisive culture of rhetorical and paternal elitism lies behind the schisms and problems identified in the letter. This culture appears to have been shaped to some extent by the legacy of Cicero. Paul's references to "boasting" and "imitation" indicate both his subversive use, and his critique, of this Greco-Roman wisdom. In the final chapter, this analysis of wisdom traditions and their social consequences among first-century Corinthians leads to a critical reflection on similar dynamics among Korean Christians in twenty-first-century Korean-Confucian culture. In particular, Korean Protestants are encouraged to take a more positive stance towards Confucian wisdom traditions (as exemplified by T'oegye's legacy), and some insights are suggested into the ethics of imperial worship, ancestral veneration, and ethnic exclusivity.
Fifty-five years after its founding at the dawn of the cold war, North Korea remains a land of illusions. Isolated and anachronistic, the country and its culture seem to be dominated exclusively by the official ideology of Juche, which emphasizes national self-reliance, independence, and worship of the supreme leader, General Kim Jong Il. Yet this socialist utopian ideal is pursued with the calculations of international power politics. Kim has transformed North Korea into a militarized state, whose nuclear weapons, ballistic missiles, and continued threat to South Korea have raised alarm worldwide. This paradoxical combination of cultural isolation and military-first policy has left the North Korean people woefully deprived of the opportunity to advance socially and politically. The socialist economy, guided by political principles and bereft of international support, has collapsed. Thousands, perhaps millions, have died of starvation. Foreign trade has declined and the country's gross domestic product has recorded negative growth every year for a decade. Yet rather than initiate the sort of market reforms that were implemented by other communist governments, North Korean leaders have reverted to the economic policies of the 1950s: mass mobilization, concentration on heavy industry, and increased ideological indoctrination. Although members of the political elite in Pyongyang are acutely aware of their nation's domestic and foreign problems, they are plagued by fear and policy paralysis. North Korea Through the Looking Glass sheds new light on this remote and peculiar country. Drawing on more than ten years of research—including interviews with two dozen North Koreans who made the painful decision to defect from their homeland—Kongdan Oh and Ralph C. Hassig explore what the leadership and the masses believe about their current predicament. Through dual themes of persistence and illusion, they explore North Korea's stubborn adherence to policies that have
1. Now mankind is fighting against the Corona virus. Everyday a lot of people are dying, dead, and suffering by the Corona virus circulating the world. Heavier suffering and burden are given to the economical weak. This is a very serious problem to be solved soon. However, it is only a small tip of big problem we are facing today. The more serious and hard-to-solve problem like Gordian knot is the environmental problems of earth revealing the symptoms such as the marine pollution, destruction of forest, desertification, climatic change, and so on, accelerated by the financial capitalism and tribal egoism. As philosopher Nietzsche said, mankind becomes the disease of earth. At this rate, Homo sapiens will disappear before the great flower of Earth-Democracy begins to bloom. This terrible result is the product of ego-centric small reason, dichotomous reason, namely, instrumental reason. Such selfish exclusive reason constructs the vertical system of knowledge, vertical relationship of possession, and vertical ruling relationship at any cost. We can not avoid greed, opposition, deception, distrust, conflict, violence, and war. It is because the self is the genius of the lie and deception, so confabulates endlessly to justify and rationalize himself or herself in order to maximize his or her benefits and pleasures. We can not avoid the conflict between two monadic selves, conflict between two logoi, conflict between two benefits, and conflict between two justifications. So we can make a long list of cases of tragedic violences and wars caused by the political leaders who was just a greedy liar, swindler, intellectual dwarf, and sly hypocrite. However, the direction and way for the collective intelligence are clear and distinct. It is inevitable to solve the pains of mankind and all living bodies of earth. 2. The collective intelligence of mankind has explored and tried to discover the ultimate truth and to actualize the democracy incessantly. Science and philosophy are the tracks of hard fighting of brave men in order to make the good world where the universal truth is alive in the justice and democracy. The collective intelligence of mankind has achieved the incessant progress through the Copernican changes in scientific truth. Science has escalated the status of human beings continuously in the universe. All human beings are equal, extremely precious and solemn. Being allowed to parody Wittgenstein, now it is time to keep silent about the affairs which are not coincident with the truth of science, in order to keep the infinite value and dignity of human beings. It is because the substantialization of false concepts allows all kinds of liars and swindlers to win the games pleasantly, while justice keeps silent and human happy life and peace of earth are destroyed in the white screamings. Contemporary great philosopher Deleuze overturns such false concepts decisively and opens new metaphysics and ethics based on the contemporary sciences. Deleuze's philosophy of multiplicity and event is very close to Buddha's philosophy of Dharma and Middle Way which is also very scientific and practical. Middle Way is the ultimate truth and it is the single unique solution to solve the problem of earth ultimately. It is time we need to pay attention seriously on Deleuze and Buddha if we wish to live in justice, democray, freedom, peace, and happiness. 3. This book compares the same points and different points with selected several keywords in the epistemology, ontology, and practical theory between Deleuze and Buddhism. Both will go forward together for the democracy, peace, and happiness of earth. Michel Foucault predicted that the 20th century will be considered as that of Deleuze, which will never be a joke or an exaggeration. We can enter into the Buddhism and come out of Deleuze, and vise versa.
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