Nobuaki Kuroki's Books

Fuzzy Semigroups

By: John N. Mordeson,Davender S. Malik,Nobuaki Kuroki

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Fuzzy Semigroups

By: John N. Mordeson,Davender S. Malik,Nobuaki Kuroki

Lotfi Zadeh introduced the notion of a fuzzy subset of a set in 1965. Ris seminal paper has opened up new insights and applications in a wide range of scientific fields. Azriel Rosenfeld used the notion of a fuzzy subset to put forth cornerstone papers in several areas of mathematics, among other discplines. Rosenfeld is the father of fuzzy abstract algebra. Kuroki is re sponsible for much of fuzzy ideal theory of semigroups. Others who worked on fuzzy semigroup theory, such as Xie, are mentioned in the bibliogra phy. The purpose of this book is to present an up to date account of fuzzy subsemigroups and fuzzy ideals of a semigroup. We concentrate mainly on theoretical aspects, but we do include applications. The applications are in the areas of fuzzy coding theory, fuzzy finite state machines, and fuzzy languages. An extensive account of fuzzy automata and fuzzy languages is given in [100]. Consequently, we only consider results in these areas that have not appeared in [100] and that pertain to semigroups. In Chapter 1, we review some basic results on fuzzy subsets, semigroups, codes, finite state machines, and languages. The purpose of this chapter is to present basic results that are needed in the remainder of the book. In Chapter 2, we introduce certain fuzzy ideals of a semigroup, namely, fuzzy two-sided ideals, fuzzy bi-ideals, fuzzy interior ideals, fuzzy quasi ideals, and fuzzy generalized bi-ideals.

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324

Publisher

Springer

Published Date

ISBN 10

3540371257

ISBN 13

9783540371250

Islamic Law and Society in Iran

A Social History of Qajar Tehran

By: Nobuaki Kondo

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Islamic Law and Society in Iran

A Social History of Qajar Tehran

By: Nobuaki Kondo

The relationship between Islamic law and society is an important issue in Iran under the Islamic Republic. Although Islamic law was a pivotal element in the traditional Iranian society, no comprehensive research has been made until today. This is because modern reformers emphasized the lack of rule of law in nineteenth-century Iran. However, a legal system did exist, and Islamic law was a substantial part of it. This is the first book on the relationship between Islamic law and the Iranian society during the nineteenth century. The author explores the legal aspects of urban society in Iran and provides the social context in which political process occurred and examines how authorities applied law in society, how people utilized the law, and how the law regulated society. Based on rich archival sources including court records and private deeds from Qajar Tehran, this book explores how Islamic law functioned in Iranian society. The judicial system, sharia court, and religious endowments (vaqf) are fully discussed, and the role of ‘ulama as legal experts is highlighted throughout the book. It challenges nationalist and modernist views on nineteenth-century Iran and provides a unique model in terms of the relationship between Islamic law and society, which is rather different from the Ottoman case. Providing an understanding of this legal system in Iran and its role in society, this book offers a basis for assessing the motives and results of modern reforms as well as the modernist discourse. This book will be of interest to students of Middle Eastern and Iranian Studies.

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Page Count

223

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1351783181

ISBN 13

9781351783187

Fuzzy Semigroups

By: John N. Mordeson,Davender S. Malik,Nobuaki Kuroki

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Fuzzy Semigroups

By: John N. Mordeson,Davender S. Malik,Nobuaki Kuroki

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

324

Publisher

Springer

Published Date

ISBN 10

3540371257

ISBN 13

9783540371250

Book's by Nobuaki Kuroki

Fuzzy Semigroups

Fuzzy Semigroups

Islamic Law and Society in Iran

Islamic Law and Society in Iran

Fuzzy Semigroups

Fuzzy Semigroups

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