Richard II is one of the most enigmatic of English kings. Shakespeare depicted him as a tragic figure, an irresponsible, cruel monarch who nevertheless rose in stature as the substance of power slipped from him. By later writers he has been variously portrayed as a half-crazed autocrat or a conventional ruler whose principal errors were the mismanagement of his nobility and disregard for the political conventions of his age. This book—the first full-length biography of Richard in more than fifty years—offers a radical reinterpretation of the king. Nigel Saul paints a picture of Richard as a highly assertive and determined ruler, one whose key aim was to exalt and dignify the crown. In Richard's view, the crown was threatened by the factiousness of the nobility and the assertiveness of the common people. The king met these challenges by exacting obedience, encouraging lofty new forms of address, and constructing an elaborate system of rule by bonds and oaths. Saul traces the sources of Richard's political ideas and finds that he was influenced by a deeply felt orthodox piety and by the ideas of the civil lawyers. He shows that, although Richard's kingship resembled that of other rulers of the period, unlike theirs, his reign ended in failure because of tactical errors and contradictions in his policies. For all that he promoted the image of a distant, all-powerful monarch, Richard II's rule was in practice characterized by faction and feud. The king was obsessed by the search for personal security: in his subjects, however, he bred only insecurity and fear. A revealing portrait of a complex and fascinating figure, the book is essential reading for anyone with an interest in the politics and culture of the English middle ages.
In this book, historian Nigel Scotland examines ten powerful revival movements that hugely impacted the social life and culture of large sections of America and the British Isles. Revivals represent a high point of Christian experience, renewing and empowering the life and worship of Christian communities. In consequence they draw large numbers of new people to personal faith in Christ, which in turn brings lasting and positive change to social life and culture. In this book special attention is given to the ways in which vibrant Christian faith challenged racism, fought and overcame slavery, helped to birth trade unions, campaigned for temperance, led to a rapid growth in education, from Sunday schools to universities, provided equal opportunities for women, and renewed family life and relationships.
A history of the Tower of London places its story in the context of national and international events, drawing on primary sources to explore its diverse functions as a British symbol, epicenter for violent events, and modern tourist attraction.
The youthful Alexander II, who ascended to the Scottish throne in 1214 at the age of sixteen, was delighted to welcome to his court a young man of royal blood, heir to the ancient - and all but rival - line of the Cospatricks, Earls of Dunbar. Rather than begrudge Alexander his crown, Patrick, Master of Dunbar, was to serve his monarch well and become his true and closest friend. And Alexander needed such a friend in those turbulent times, with the ever-present threat of King John of England lurking; not to mention the warlike Norsemen under King Hakon; the Lords of the Isles in revolt, and the Isle of Man and Ireland also causing trouble. This steadfast royal friendship was to withstand both treachery and danger, rivalry and heartache during a highly significant period in Scottish history. A story of drama and enduring friendship by Nigel Tranter, master of Scottish historical fiction.
The final volume in the trilogy spanning the turbulent reign of King James V of Scotland. The young James, King of Scots is a beleaguered man. Still grief stricken at the untimely death of his queen, Madeleine, the king is without an heir. Both he and his throne are vulnerable. All around him he sees conspiracies. Some may lie in his imagination but all too many are real, for there are many who would supplant him or control him. Even his own mother, Margaret Tudor, plots against him. But then, she is the sister of the English King Henry VIII who sprawls like a bloated spider south of the border, his greedy eyes ever on the realm of Scotland, hungry to bring it within his grasp. The young king's advisors, the two David's, Beaton and Lindsay, have preserved him so far but the threats to James and his country seem to grow by the year... 'Through his imaginative dialogue, he provides a voice for Scotland's heroes' Scotland on Sunday
Just how far will one man go in the name of loyalty? Set in an England beset by power wrangling and warfare at the end of the 15th century, The King’s Dogge (the first of a two book series) tells of Francis Lovell’s meteoric rise from humble squire to closest ally of King Richard III. Having courageously fought at Barnet for the great noble the Earl of Warwick, Lovell is introduced to Richard of Gloucester. Impressed by Lovell’s military acumen, Gloucester assigns him the unenviable task of fighting the Scots in the West March. His initiative wins him a knighthood and turns him into Gloucester’s most prized asset. In time, Lovell comes to respect Gloucester and a close friendship blossoms, each aware of one another’s weaknesses but together able to advance one another’s careers – military and political respectively. Lovell’s future is further shaped by Gloucester’s scheming wife Anne Neville, whose ambition exceeds that of her husband. But when their Machiavellian scheming leads to the cold-blooded murder of the princes in the tower, Lovell is forced to weigh his conscience against his sense of duty and ask himself what dark acts he is prepared to carry out in Gloucester’s name. The King’s Dogge is a fictional account of the rule of King Richard III as seen from the perspective of his closest adviser, Francis Lovell. It weaves a story around true events and throws the actions of the king into a new perspective when viewed against the ambition of his wife, Anne Neville.
Enlightened Oxford aims to discern, establish, and clarify the multiplicity of connections between the University of Oxford, its members, and the world outside; to offer readers a fresh, contextualised sense of the University's role in the state, in society, and in relation to other institutions between the Williamite Revolution and the first decade of the nineteenth century, the era loosely describable (though not without much qualification) as England's ancien regime. Nigel Aston asks where Oxford fitted in to the broader social and cultural picture of the time, locating the University's importance in Church and state, and pondering its place as an institution that upheld religious entitlement in an ever-shifting intellectual world where national and confessional boundaries were under scrutiny. Enlightened Oxford is less an inside history than a consideration of an institutional presence and its place in the life of the country and further afield. While admitting the degree of corporate inertia to be found in the University, there was internal scope for members so inclined to be creative in their teaching, open new research lines, and be unapologetic Whigs rather than unrepentant Tories. For if Oxford was a seat of learning rooted in its past - and with an increasing antiquarian awareness of its inheritance - yet it had a surprising capacity for adaptation, a scope for intellectual and political pluralism that was not incompatible with enlightened values.
A casket of incriminating letters from Mary, Queen of Scots. The letters would be an instrument of persuasion - or blackmail as others might call it. Whoever held them had a hold over the James VI King of Scots, now also King James I of England. But for Andrew, seventh Lord Gray, laying hands on the letters was not going to be easy. They were secure in the half-ruined Fast Castle that clung to the sea-cliffs of Berwickshire. A castle that no one could enter if they were not welcome. And so young David Gray, his bastard nephew, was sent on a perilous mission . . . 'Through his imaginative dialogue, he provides a voice for Scotland's heroes' Scotland on Sunday
Settlements were a distinctive aspect of late-Victorian church life in which individual philanthropic Christians were encouraged to live and work in communities amongst the poor and set an example for the underprivileged through their own actions. Often overlooked by historians, settlements are of great value in understanding the values and culture of the 19th century. Settlement missions were first conceived when Samuel Barnett, the incumbent of St. Jude's, Whitechapel, in the East End of London, sought to introduce them as a major aspect of Victorian church life. Barnett argued that settlers should be incorporated into London communities that suffered from squalor and poverty to live and work alongside the poor, to demonstrate their Christian faith and attempt to enhance social conditions from the inside. His first recruits were Oxford undergraduates and when Toynbee Hall was founded in Oxford in 1884, his radical vision of adapting Christian morality towards tackling social deprivation had begun. By the end of the Victorian era more than fifty similar institutions had been created. Whilst few settlements lasted beyond the Victorian period, by injecting Christian ethics into trade unions, local government and the community, they had a huge impact which is still felt in the way these organisations operate today.
This volume provides an introduction to the basic theory behind international trade policy. The author analyses current policy issues within a theoretical framework. The book adopts a thematic approach, with each chapter examining a different issue - each of which is of central importance to contemporary trade policy. The book will be essential for all those who want to understand what governments do, in terms of trade policy and how they do it.
J. Frank Adams had a profound influence on algebraic topology, and his works continue to shape its development. The International Symposium on Algebraic Topology held in Manchester during July 1990 was dedicated to his memory, and virtually all of the world's leading experts took part. This two volume work constitutes the proceedings of the symposium; the articles contained here range from overviews to reports of work still in progress, as well as a survey and complete bibliography of Adams' own work. These proceedings form an important compendium of current research in algebraic topology, and.
During the 16th century, the Borderland between Scotland and England was something of a world apart, with its own strange laws, beliefs and customs. Young John Maxwell, Warden of the West March, did his best to control a motley crew of dalesmen and mosstroopers from Liddesdale, Eskdale and Dryfesdale among others, and keep some sort of balance with the unruly West March English. As the turbulent reign of King Henry VIII gave way to the rule of Elizabeth Tudor, John Maxwell - a loyal supporter of Mary, Queen of Scots - inevitably found himself drawn into the wider sphere of the kingdom's affairs. How he fared with Mary's suitors, courtiers and enemies, and his courtship of the beautiful Agnes Herries, forms the fascinating subject of Nigel Tranter's captivating novel.
Andrew Marvell is an intriguing personality, variously identified as a patriot & a spy, a conspirator, closet homosexual, father of the liberal tradition, incendiary satirical pamphleteer & freethinker.
This is the thrilling story of Angus Og MacDonald, Lord of the Isles, during the turbulent days of Robert the Bruce. The grandson of the great Angus Mor, direct descendant and successor of Somerled himself, the semi-independent prince of the Hebrides and much of the West Highland mainland, Angus was a worthy representative of a notable line, living in dramatic and exciting times for Scotland and England, for Ulster, Man and Ireland. He took his part in it all, an active supporter of Robert the Bruce, chief of chiefs. He was a man who sought peace and prosperity for his so scattered people, encouraging trade, seeking to heal the feuding propensities of the clans, allying the Isles with Orkney and Shetland and Norway; travelling as far as the Baltic. He was also a man of humble mind, and a proud husband and father.
Once again Scotland was fighting for her survival as a free and independent nation. Robert the Bruce's legacy, three years after his death in 1329, is in danger. With a five-year-old heir guarded by an ageing and diminishing band of lieutenants, the English King, Edward III, has seen his opportunity. War is renewed, a puppet king set up. In the years of struggle that follow, two men stand out as leaders of their people: Sir William Douglas, the Knight of Liddesdale, known as the Flower of Chivalry; and Sir Alexander Ramsay of Dalwolsey. Friends and comrades-in-arms by their gallantry and daring, they do more than any others to save their country. Yet something is to happen between them that will cause one of the most desperate events in Scotland's violent and dramatic history...
Urban and Regional Planning Series, Volume 26: British Cities: An Analysis of Urban Change provides an overview of urban change in Britain. The title focuses on the demographic and economic aspects of the British urban system. The text first covers the British urban systems, and then proceeds to tackling population and employment in British cities. Next, the selection deals with the concerns on migration and urban change, such as the migration pattern and the characteristics of migrants. The text also talks about issues in work travel. The last part discusses the British urban systems policy. The book will be of great interest to urban planners, local government officials, economists, and sociologists.
Nigel Yates provides a major reassessment of the religious state of Ireland between 1770 and 1850. He argues that this was both a period of intense reform across all the major religious groups in Ireland and also one in which the seeds of religious tension, which were to dominate Irish politics and society for most of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, were sown. He examines in detail, from a wide range of primary sources, the mechanics of this reform programme and the growing tensions between religious groups in this period, showing how political and religious issues became inextricably mixed and how various measures that might have been taken to improve the situation were not politically or religiously possible.
A fully revised and updated edition of Nigel Lawson's extraordinary autobiography. A key minister for a full decade and Chancellor of the Exchequer, from 1983 to 1989, Nigel Lawson was one of the most powerful and effective of Margaret Thatcher's colleagues, and among the chief architects of Thatcherism. This abridged edition of Lord Lawson's memoirs - first published as The View from No.11 in 1992 and acclaimed as one of the best political memoirs of the period - goes straight to the heart of economic policy-making at a time of crisis and creative change. It explains the workings of government with candour, clarity and depth, against the backdrop of the remarkable story of the rise and fall of his political collaboration with Margaret Thatcher, productive and successful for many years, but ending with his dramatic resignation in October 1989.The book includes a new final chapter reflecting on events from the perspective of 2010, also discussing the crisis in the banking sector and global warming.
This wood featured significantly in the First and Third Battles of Ypres and was the scene of numerous deeds of heroism, such as that which won young Lieutenant-Colonel Philip Bent the VC. The courage of individuals and units from Britain and Australia is described in this latest edition to the series covering Ypres.
In 1460, when clan feuds were rife, and the threat of English invasion was ever-present, James III, one of Scotland's weakest monarchs, came to the throne. Before long, John, Lord of Douglas, a born leader and a man of conscience and vision, found himself wishing that James' wise and strong-minded sister Princess Mary had succeeded in her brother's place. A fact compounded by the feeble king's habit of ignoring high-born nobles, and succumbing instead to the influence of the astrologer and alchemist William Sheves, Archdeacon of St Andrews, one of the cleverest and most unscrupulous individuals in Scotland's history. Continuing the story of Princess Mary Stewart that began in Price of a Princess, Lord in Waiting is a gripping tale of 15th century Scotland by Nigel Tranter, master of Scottish historical fiction.
Written by the author of The Bruce Trilogy, The Captive Crown, and Margaret the Queen, this is the story of a very human, fallible but courageous and indomitable man, born an Irish prince in the troubled and pagan sixth century, who rejected the high kingship of all Ireland to be an abbot.
Stourbridge came into existence in the early Middle Ages. It has seen much development from Roman and Saxon times and during the reigns of Elizabeth and Victoria. More changes followed in the 20th century; though an agricultural market town it is also renown for its glass-making.
Eighteenth-century Europe witnessed monumental upheavals in both the Catholic and Protestant faiths and the repercussions rippled down to the churches’ religious art forms. Nigel Aston now chronicles here the intertwining of cultural and institutional turmoil during this pivotal century. The sustained popularity of religious art in the face of competition from increasingly prevalent secular artworks lies at the heart of this study. Religious art staked out new spaces of display in state institutions, palaces, and private collections, the book shows, as well as taking advantage of patronage from monarchs such as Louis XIV and George III, who funded religious art in an effort to enhance their monarchial prestige. Aston also explores the motivations and exhibition practices of private collectors and analyzes changing Catholic and Protestant attitudes toward art. The book also examines purchases made by corporate patrons such as charity hospitals and religious confraternities and considers what this reveals about the changing religiosity of the era as well. An in-depth historical study, Art and Religion in Eighteenth-Century Europe will be essential for art history and religious studies scholars alike.
At the end of the 13th century, Scotland was a blood-torn country suffering under the harsh domination of a tyrant usurper, the hated Plantagenet, Edward Longshanks. During the appalling violence of those unsettled days, one man rose to become leader of the Scots. That man was William Wallace. Motivated at first by revenge for the slaughter of his father, Wallace vowed to cleanse his country of the English and set the rightful king, Robert the Bruce, upon the Scottish throne. Though Wallace was a heroic figure, he was but a man - and his chosen path was to lead him through grievous danger and personal tragedy before the final outcome . . . Praise for Nigel Tranter: 'One of Scotland's most prolific and respected writers' Times 'Through his imaginative dialogue, he provides a voice for Scotland's heroes' Scotland on Sunday
A humble laird from Largoshire, Andrew Wood's determination to avenge his father's murder by English pirates, led to his national renown as a pirate-slayer. This brought him to the attention of King James III, who asked Wood to build up a number of captured vessels to form the nucleus of a national fleet. Such was his success, that the King eventually promoted him to become Baron of Largo and Lord High Admiral of Scotland. Admiral Wood's bold defence of Scottish waters against the marauding English privateers was to incur the wrath of King Henry VII of England. Wood was now in great danger - but he survived to become Scotland's most famous sailor, and a skilled negotiator who greatly aided his nation's cause at a time of international unrest.
Here is a unique guide book that takes us on a journey across the rural and urban landscapes of Britain, and helps us to discover and explore a multitude of sacred sites: ancient stone circles and tombs, Christian and pre-Christian shrines, medieval synagogues, small country churches and much more.
Who was Robin Hood? Throughout history the figures of the hooded man of Sherwood forest and his band of outlaws have transfixed readers and viewers; but where does the myth come from? The story appeared out of the legend of the Green man but found its location during the reign of Richard II, the Lionheart, who was away from England fighting in the crusades. In his absence his brother John lay waste to the country. But does this tell the full story? Was Robin a bandit prince ahead of a troop of brigands? Who was the Sherrif and was he in fact the legitimate law in the land fighting vigilantes?
When the author bought a falling down fortified house on the Staffordshire moorlands, he had no reason to anticipate the astonishing tale that would unfold as it was restored. A mysterious set of relationships emerged amongst its former owners, revolving round the almost forgotten artist, Robert Bateman, a prominent Pre-Raphaelite and friend of Burne Jones. He was to marry the granddaughter of the Earl of Carlisle, and to be associated with Benjamin Disraeli, William Gladstone, and other prominent political and artistic figures. But he had abandoned his life as an artist in mid-career to live as a recluse, and his rich and glamorous wife-to-be had married the local vicar, already in his sixties and shortly to die. The discovery of two clearly autobiographical paintings led to an utterly absorbing forensic investigation into Bateman's life. The story moves from Staffordshire to Lahore, to Canada, Wyoming, and then, via Buffalo Bill, to Peru and back to England. It leads to the improbable respectability of Imperial Tobacco in Bristol, and then, less respectably, to a car park in Stoke-on-Trent. En route the author pieces together an astonishing and deeply moving story of love and loss, of art and politics, of morality and hypocrisy, of family secrets concealed but never quite completely obscured. The result is a page-turning combination of detective story and tale of human frailty, endeavor, and love. It is also a portrait of a significant artist, a reassessment of whose work is long overdue. Nigel Daly is an antique dealer and house restorer.
Many thousands of men died during the Great War. They came from every place and class. The very cream of the Nation joined up thinking it a great adventure but, all too often, never returned. This book is dedicated to the memory of an elite few of such men the Rugby Internationals who fell in The Great War. Among the hundreds of thousands who served and died for their country were one hundred and thirty Rugby Internationals.??To place the loss of these men in perspective, it is important to appreciate that Rugby Union was, arguably, bigger in its day than soccer is today. It attracted men from every walk of life. Many became national icons just as David Beckham and Wayne Rooney are now. These were men whose names were common currency in almost every household in Britain; men who were widely admired and emulated.??Yet their physical strength, fitness, prowess and courage made these heroes no less vulnerable to enemy bullets, shells and mines than their less celebrated comrades-in-arms. One hundred years on, the Author decided that any player who perished, whether he had won a single cap for his country or a hundred, would be included within this book.??Into Touch encapsulated the magnitude of a generation's sacrifice. Thanks to the Author's research into these players' service for their country, both on the playing field and battlefield, it will fascinate all with an interest in The Great War and, most particularly, those with a love for The Glorious Game and its history.??As featured in the Cardiff Times and Derby Telegraph.
What do a member of the royal family, Olympic rowing champion, comedienne, retired construction worker, a job seeker, a parent, a prisoner and a vet have in common? They are among the many people who have shared their personal stories about what dyslexia means to them. Not every contributor is dyslexic but they have all been sufficiently affected by dyslexia to write their story. With a foreword by Formula 1 champion Sir Jackie Stewart OBE, this is a collection of over 100 moving, poignant, sad, shocking, funny, instructive and illuminating stories. They describe the powerful impact of dyslexia on individuals, families, relationships, professionals and support staff. They give a fascinating insight into how dyslexic people are treated in a wide range of different day to day settings, including job centres, adult literacy classes, education and workplaces. Dyslexia and Us was originally published by Edinburgh Libraries, demonstrating close partnership work with Dyslexia Scotland that has developed over a number of years.
A Life In Time And Space is the bestselling story of the life and career of David Tennant, acclaimed classical actor and television's most popular Doctor Who, that was originally published in 2008, but now revised and updated for this ebook edition. Energetic and charismatic, David achieved international acclaim for his riveting portrayal of the tenth Time Lord in the cult sci-fi television series at the same of building himself a reputation as a respected classical actor. This biography traces the events that helped shape David's career and transform him into both a hugely influential artist and, for a time, the coolest man on television. It provides details about his relationships with an impressive range of leading ladies, from Sophia Myles to Kylie Minogue, and most recently, Peter Davison's daughter, Georgia Moffett, and also uncovers the truth behind his on and off-screen relationship with co-star Billie Piper. With never before published behind-the-scenes stories and information from the sets of Doctor Who, Hamlet, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, St Trinian's 2 and The Quatermass Experiment, the book also includes a filmography of television, film, stage, radio and audio books, and a complete list of all his awards and nominations as well as a unique Doctor Who episode guide.
Norse-Slayer and nation-builder, Kenneth, son of Alpin mac Eochaidh, King of Galloway, was the visionary who brought together the ancient kingdoms of Alba, Dalriada, Strathclyde and Galloway to create the country of Scotland. Yet his vision was wider still. He dreamed of a great coming together of all the Celtic people, Scots, Irish, Welsh, Cornish and Manx, united against the Norse and the Anglo-Saxon invaders. Fighting not only his country's enemies but also the fractious, obstinate wilfulness of his own people, his legacy was a nation, with its own patron saint, the apostle Andrew, that would endure from the ninth century to the present day. A gripping historical novel about the origins of Scotland by Nigel Tranter, master of Scottish historical fiction.
In 1823, Lord Byron rented the Casa Saluzzo at Albaro in the hills east of Genoa, Italy. The poet shared the 16th-century palazzo with his mistress, Teresa Giuccioli, her brother, and their exiled father, Count Gamba. His neighbors were Mary Shelley, the author of Frankenstein, whose poet husband had recently drowned; Leigh Hunt, the critic and editor; and Edward Trelawney, a Cornish adventurer and close friend of both poets. A frequent visitor that summer was Lady Marguerite Blessington, who kept detailed notes of their many conversations. From these conversations, an intimate insight is gained into Byron’s personality, philosophy, mental state, opinion of himself, and the impression he made on others and society. The complexity of Byron’s character is revealed, as well as his phobias and rejection by English society for the scandals attached to his numerous amorous activities. This three-act play paints the portrait of a tormented man, obsessed with his congenital lameness and a pressing sense of solitude, despite or because of his numerous affairs with married women in his elusive quest for love.
A brilliant leader, a renowned strategist, a talented moderate in a bigoted age: James Graham, the Marquis of Montrose, is a man of great charm and steadfast loyalty. Devoting his life to King Charles I leads him to reluctant involvement in national affairs: to intrigue, violence, treachery and battle. With all Scotland almost in his grasp, his most hated enemy defeated and discredited and England and Oliver Cromwell next on the list, Montrose looks set to triumph. But that is to reckon without the hand of fate . . . 'Through his imaginative dialogue, he provides a voice for Scotland's heroes' Scotland on Sunday
This book discusses the liturgical arrangement of Anglican churches in the period between the Reformation and the Oxford Movement, challenging many widely held assumptions and prejudices. A revised edition of a classic work, this volume offers a new Foreword and Appendix, and an updated Index and bibliography.
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