The Qur'an represents both Islam's historical point of origin and its scriptural foundation, inaugurating a new religion and, ultimately, a new civilisation. Yet the text itself can be difficult to understand, and the scholarship devoted to it is often highly technical. This comprehensive introduction to the basic methods and current state of historical-critical Qur'anic scholarship covers all of the field's major questions, such as: Where and when did the Qur'an emerge? How do Qur'anic surahs function as literary compositions? How do the Qur'an's main themes and ideas relate to and transform earlier Jewish and Christian traditions? Reading this book will give you the tools needed to work with and understand this vital but complex text.
An essential single-volume companion to the critical interpretation of Islamic scripture This book provides detailed and multidisciplinary coverage of a wealth of key Qur’anic terms, with incisive entries on crucial expressions ranging from the divine names allāh (“God”) and al-raḥmān (“the Merciful”) to the Qur’anic understanding of belief and self-surrender to God. It examines what the terms mean in Qur’anic usage, discusses how to translate them into English, and delineates the role they play in expressing the Qur’an’s distinctive understanding of God, humans, and the cosmos. It offers a comprehensive but nonreductionist investigation of the relationship of Qur’anic terms to earlier traditions such as Jewish and Christian literature, pre-Islamic Arabic poetry, and Arabian epigraphy. While the dictionary is primarily engaged in ascertaining what the Qur’an would have meant to its original recipients in late antique Arabia, it makes selective and critical use of later Muslim scholarship alongside an extensive body of secondary research in English, German, and French from the nineteenth century to today. The most authoritative historical-critical reference work on key Qur’anic terms Features a host of entries ranging from concise overviews to substantial essays Draws on comparative material such as Jewish and Christian literature, pre-Islamic Arabic poetry, and Arabian epigraphy Discusses how to best translate Qur’anic terms into English Explores the Qur’an’s vision of God, humans, and the cosmos through an analysis of fundamental and recurrent Qur’anic expressions Accessible to readers with little or no Arabic
When Milo discovers that his late father was murdered on a journey to France, he decides to investigate the matter. The father left clues to ancient secrets of religious and mystic traditions. On his quest to find the truth, Milo follows in his fathers footsteps. Soon, supported by an ancient brotherhood of light, Milo finds himself on a spiritual journey taking him through a process of initiation and enlightenment. Guided onto a spiritual path of Christian mysticism called THE WAY, he moves towards THE PYRAMID OF LIFE. New mind blowing ideas of the true message of Jesus Christ and the ancient mysticism are revealed to him. In his attempt to find his fathers murderers, Milo end up in the middle of an old conflict with hidden secrets, ancient orders and religious & ideological power battles. An order representing THE PYRAMID OF DEATH called the Black Nobility believe that they have the right to rule the world, pursue Milo on his journey, subjecting him to psychological and lethal games.
This book presents limit theorems for nonlinear functionals of random fields with singular spectrum on the basis of various asymptotic expansions. The first chapter treats basic concepts of the spectral theory of random fields, some important examples of random processes and fields with singular spectrum, and Tauberian and Abelian theorems for covariance function of long-memory random fields. Chapter 2 is devoted to limit theorems for spherical averages of nonlinear transformations of Gaussian and chi-square random fields. Chapter 3 summarises some limit theorems for geometric type functionals of random fields. Limit theorems for the solutions of Burgers' equation with random data via parabolic and hyperbolic rescaling are demonstrated in Chapter 4. Lastly, Chapter 5 deals with some problems for statistical analysis of random fields with singular spectrum. Audience: This book will be of interest to mathematicians who use random fields in engineering or other applications.
An essential single-volume companion to the critical interpretation of Islamic scripture This book provides detailed and multidisciplinary coverage of a wealth of key Qur’anic terms, with incisive entries on crucial expressions ranging from the divine names allāh (“God”) and al-raḥmān (“the Merciful”) to the Qur’anic understanding of belief and self-surrender to God. It examines what the terms mean in Qur’anic usage, discusses how to translate them into English, and delineates the role they play in expressing the Qur’an’s distinctive understanding of God, humans, and the cosmos. It offers a comprehensive but nonreductionist investigation of the relationship of Qur’anic terms to earlier traditions such as Jewish and Christian literature, pre-Islamic Arabic poetry, and Arabian epigraphy. While the dictionary is primarily engaged in ascertaining what the Qur’an would have meant to its original recipients in late antique Arabia, it makes selective and critical use of later Muslim scholarship alongside an extensive body of secondary research in English, German, and French from the nineteenth century to today. The most authoritative historical-critical reference work on key Qur’anic terms Features a host of entries ranging from concise overviews to substantial essays Draws on comparative material such as Jewish and Christian literature, pre-Islamic Arabic poetry, and Arabian epigraphy Discusses how to best translate Qur’anic terms into English Explores the Qur’an’s vision of God, humans, and the cosmos through an analysis of fundamental and recurrent Qur’anic expressions Accessible to readers with little or no Arabic
This book gives an exposition of the principal concepts and results related to second order elliptic and parabolic equations for measures, the main examples of which are Fokker–Planck–Kolmogorov equations for stationary and transition probabilities of diffusion processes. Existence and uniqueness of solutions are studied along with existence and Sobolev regularity of their densities and upper and lower bounds for the latter. The target readership includes mathematicians and physicists whose research is related to diffusion processes as well as elliptic and parabolic equations.
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