In the early 1990s Italy faced the collapse of the established political parties and the increasing prominence of the secessionist Northern League had public commentators debating whether Italy, after 130 years as a unified state, constituted a nation at all. But Italy remained intact into the next century as is its own unique national creation. This new study examines this phenomenon and offers a detailed discussion of Italy's historical development. It argues that the exigencies of state-formation were more important in the founding of the Kingdom of Italy than nationalism, and then argues that early failures to engineer an Italian national consciousness were due to the state's refusal to integrate local cultures into a consolidated national culture. Rather, a nation was gradually developed from within society, through the construction of a public sphere, through mass communications, migration movements, and mass consumerism.
Greek-speaking people have occupied the Aegean region continuously since the Bronze Age, while Greek culture has been a feature of the Eastern Mediterranean dating back to the Age of Alexander. But what do Greeks today have in common with Homer, Plato and Aristotle? What are the links between the people who built the Parthenon and those who currently conserve it? Drawing on the latest research into ancient, medieval and modern history, Nicholas Doumanis provides fresh and challenging insights into Greek history since early antiquity. Taking a transnational approach, Doumanis argues that the resilience of Greek culture has a great deal to do with its continual interaction with other cultures throughout the centuries. Ideal for the undergraduate student, or anyone keen to find out more about Greek history, A History of Greece provides a unique and fascinating account of the fortunes and many transformations of Greek culture and society, from the earliest times to the present.
Before the Nation' argues that there is more than a grain of truth to nostalgic traditions following genocide. It points to the fact that intercommunality, a mode of everyday living based on the accommodation of cultural difference, was a normal and stabilizing feature of multi-ethnic societies.
The first international history of the emergence of economic sanctions during the interwar period and the legacy of this development Economic sanctions dominate the landscape of world politics today. First developed in the early twentieth century as a way of exploiting the flows of globalization to defend liberal internationalism, their appeal is that they function as an alternative to war. This view, however, ignores the dark paradox at their core: designed to prevent war, economic sanctions are modeled on devastating techniques of warfare. Tracing the use of economic sanctions from the blockades of World War I to the policing of colonial empires and the interwar confrontation with fascism, Nicholas Mulder uses extensive archival research in a political, economic, legal, and military history that reveals how a coercive wartime tool was adopted as an instrument of peacekeeping by the League of Nations. This timely study casts an overdue light on why sanctions are widely considered a form of war, and why their unintended consequences are so tremendous.
Before the Nation' argues that there is more than a grain of truth to nostalgic traditions following genocide. It points to the fact that intercommunality, a mode of everyday living based on the accommodation of cultural difference, was a normal and stabilizing feature of multi-ethnic societies.
This book examines the relationship between coloniser and colonised among the Italian-held Dodecanese Islands between 1912 and 1943, and is based on an oral history project conducted between 1990 and 1995. Italian power is described as having been negotiated, resisted and modified by locals, who admired many aspects of Italian rule without according the regime any legitimacy. This ethnographic history challenges standard views on Italian colonialism and Greek nationalism, and reflects on contemporary questions regarding historical memory, political culture and social identity.
Nicholas A. Kefalides recalls a time when the heavy boots of invading armies echoed off the cobblestone streets of Greece, where he was born and spent his childhood and youth. Kefalides memories begin with the 1930s as social and political events shaped his attitudes and beliefs. It was also a period that set the stage for a war that would see people starve, fight and die. As German and Italian armies invade the country, the young people of Greece are robbed of their childhood and adolescence. But Kefalides and his brother are among those who fight back, joining the resistance. They are soon arrested and imprisoned by the Gestapo before being sent to a concentration camp in Thessaloniki. It will take all the courage they can muster and the determination of an entire nation to regain liberty. After winning his freedom, Kefalides embarks on a new adventure, this time in America. He pursues a career in medicine and becomes a successful professor, but as the decades pass by, he can still hear Echoes from the Cobblestones.
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