API Security in Action teaches you how to create secure APIs for any situation. By following this hands-on guide you’ll build a social network API while mastering techniques for flexible multi-user security, cloud key management, and lightweight cryptography. Summary A web API is an efficient way to communicate with an application or service. However, this convenience opens your systems to new security risks. API Security in Action gives you the skills to build strong, safe APIs you can confidently expose to the world. Inside, you’ll learn to construct secure and scalable REST APIs, deliver machine-to-machine interaction in a microservices architecture, and provide protection in resource-constrained IoT (Internet of Things) environments. Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications. About the technology APIs control data sharing in every service, server, data store, and web client. Modern data-centric designs—including microservices and cloud-native applications—demand a comprehensive, multi-layered approach to security for both private and public-facing APIs. About the book API Security in Action teaches you how to create secure APIs for any situation. By following this hands-on guide you’ll build a social network API while mastering techniques for flexible multi-user security, cloud key management, and lightweight cryptography. When you’re done, you’ll be able to create APIs that stand up to complex threat models and hostile environments. What's inside Authentication Authorization Audit logging Rate limiting Encryption About the reader For developers with experience building RESTful APIs. Examples are in Java. About the author Neil Madden has in-depth knowledge of applied cryptography, application security, and current API security technologies. He holds a Ph.D. in Computer Science. Table of Contents PART 1 - FOUNDATIONS 1 What is API security? 2 Secure API development 3 Securing the Natter API PART 2 - TOKEN-BASED AUTHENTICATION 4 Session cookie authentication 5 Modern token-based authentication 6 Self-contained tokens and JWTs PART 3 - AUTHORIZATION 7 OAuth2 and OpenID Connect 8 Identity-based access control 9 Capability-based security and macaroons PART 4 - MICROSERVICE APIs IN KUBERNETES 10 Microservice APIs in Kubernetes 11 Securing service-to-service APIs PART 5 - APIs FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS 12 Securing IoT communications 13 Securing IoT APIs
After the Wall Fell: A History of the Accomplishments by the Center for International Agricultural Finance at Iowa State University By: Dr. Neil E. Harl Dr. Neil E. Harl gives a personal account of his time in Russia after the fall of the Berlin Wall. Each undertaking of the group and Dr, Harl contributes to building and developing the legacy of the Center for International Agricultural Finance.
Database: Principles Programming Performance provides an introduction to the fundamental principles of database systems. This book focuses on database programming and the relationships between principles, programming, and performance. Organized into 10 chapters, this book begins with an overview of database design principles and presents a comprehensive introduction to the concepts used by a DBA. This text then provides grounding in many abstract concepts of the relational model. Other chapters introduce SQL, describing its capabilities and covering the statements and functions of the programming language. This book provides as well an introduction to Embedded SQL and Dynamic SQL that is sufficiently detailed to enable students to immediately start writing database programs. The final chapter deals with some of the motivations for database systems spanning multiple CPUs, including client-server and distributed transactions. This book is a valuable resource for database administrators, application programmers, specialist users, and end users.
This fascinating book presents 100 biographies of general practitioners, the majority of whom have made key contributions to the development of general practice and medicine, but also some who have influenced society through engineering, literature, music, politics, sport and other fields. Organised into four different time periods and with key themes in each, the reader will gain an insight into the background of these individuals and what led to their decision to enter the speciality, discover their successes and occasional failures, while also learning about significant events in the history of general practice, medical education, medical politics, medical research, the Royal College of General Practitioners and society as a whole. Key features: • Highly readable and visual introduction to the history of general practice • Includes 100 biographies of a variety of general practitioners from 1640 to the present day • Describes both successes and failures in the development of the specialty and how these have helped direct and shape current clinical practice • Key themes covered include academia and research, medical education, medical politics and society • Ideal for anyone wishing to gain a broader insight into the history of this important specialty, as well as those interested in medical biography Written in an accessible style, and illustrated throughout, the book is an invaluable guide for academics, doctors or students with a special interest in general practice, medical education, medical history or social history.
If a student researcher had only one handbook on their bookshelf, Miller and Salkind′s Handbook would certainly have to be it. With the updated material, the addition of the section on ethical issues (which is so well done that I′m recommending it to the departmental representative to the university IRB), and a new Part 4 on "Qualitative Methods", the new Handbook is an indispensable resource for researchers." --Dan Cover, Department of Sociology, Furman University " I have observed that most instructors want to teach methodology "their way" to imbue the course with their own approach; Miller-Salkind allows one to do this easily. The book is both conceptually strong (e.g., very good coverage of epistemology, research design and statistics) and at the same time provides a wealth of practical knowledge (scales, indices, professional organizations, computer applications, etc.) In addition, it covers the waterfront of methodology." --Michael L. Vasu, Director of Information Technology, North Carolina State University "A unique and excellent reference tool for all social science researchers, and a good textbook for graduate students and senior year undergraduate classes. These students are about to enter the real life of research, and need a handy and comprehensive tool as a starting point that offers shortcuts for getting into real research projects. For a small project, the book offers enough information to get the project started. For big projects, the book is ideal for information on where to look for things and examples." --Jianhong Liu, Department of Sociology, Rhode Island College The book considered a "necessity" by many social science researchers and their students has been revised and updated while retaining the features that made it so useful. The emphasis in this new edition is on the tools graduate students and more advanced researchers need to conduct high quality research. Features/Benefits: Provides step-by-step instruction for students′ research training by beginning with how to find a creative idea, a middle-range theory, and initial hypothesis and proceeds through design, proposal, collection and analysis of data followed by writing, reporting and publication Section on scales and indices are organized so that readers can quickly locate and find the type of scale or index in which they may be interested All sections are now followed by useful and well-considered reference sections so that readers can read more about each topic Includes updated coverage on new scales, internal and external validity, and new analytic techniques with extensive references on each Presents extensive coverage of how to prepare manuscripts for publication, including a list of all journals covered by Sociological Abstracts along with the editorial office address and URL for each entry Discusses the importance of policy research with presentation and discussion of specific models as an adjunct to both applied and basic research techniques Provides extensive coverage of funding opportunities including those offered by the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation, and a directory of private funding sources including relevant contact information New to this edition: New Part 4 by John Creswell and Ray Maietta provides a comprehensive introduction to qualitative methods including a review of existing computer applications for collecting and analyzing data New and more current reviews and commentaries have replaced dated or no longer relevant excerpts Thousands of new references on the assessment of important sociological variables as well as references to such topics as statistical analysis, computer applications, and specific topics Thoroughly updated information on the use of computers and online research techniques, including beginning and intermediate material about the Internet and its use by the modern research scientist Coherent and thoughtful review of the most popular statistical analysis software packages New guidelines and discussion of ethical practices in social and behavioral science research, including extensive coverage of institutional review board procedures and activities Expansion of social indicators to include international coverage Plus, there is an extensive and well-organized table of contents with four levels of headings; and, for the first time in the history of the book, a comprehensive index.
How are we to understand the nature and value of higher education's public purposes, mission, and work in a democratic society? How do-and how should-academic professionals contribute to and participate in civic life in their practices as scholars, scientists, and educators? Democracy and Higher Education addresses these questions by combining an examination of several normative traditions of civic engagement in American higher education with the presentation and interpretation of a dozen oral history profiles of contemporary practitioners. In his analysis of these profiles, Scott Peters reveals and interprets a democratic-minded civic professionalism that includes and interweaves expert, social critic, responsive service, and proactive leadership roles. Democracy and Higher Education contributes to a new line of research on the critically important task of strengthening and defending higher education's positive roles in and for a democratic society.
This newly revised and updated edition of the classic resource on museum marketing and strategy provides a proven framework for examining marketing and strategic goals in relation to a museum's mission, resources, opportunities, and challenges. Museum Marketing and Strategy examines the full range of marketing techniques and includes the most current information on positioning, branding, and e-marketing. The book addresses the issues of most importance to the museum community and shows how to Define the exchange process between a museum's offerings and consumer value Differentiate a museum and communicate its unique value in a competitive marketplace Find, create, and retain consumers and convert visitors to members and members to volunteers and donors Plan strategically and maximize marketing's value Achieve financial stability Develop a consumer-centered museum
Two people trapped in their different worlds. One by wealth and one by poverty. Twenty years working for The Firm has given Marcus Barlow everything he wants but has taken his soul in return. Finding a way to leave has become an obsession. Claire Halford’s life hits rock bottom when she is caught stealing food from Tesco Express. Left alone by her husband with two small children and an STI, her suicide music is starting to play louder in her head. A chance meeting brings them together. As a mystery virus from China starts to run riot across the country, their world’s collide and they find they have more in common than they knew. Set in the early months of 2020, Maybe It’s About Time is a story about the difficulty of changing lives for the better. Starting as a funny and satirical view of the egocentric world of professional services, it gives way to a heart-warming story of an unlikely friendship that rejuvenates Marcus and Claire, giving them both hope for a better future.
Giles Grant has been a Police Officer for five years. He was recently promoted to an armed response unit, and today is the end of his first day. He is a staunch believer in the afterlife, and that not everybody gets to move on when they die. Whilst he has only ever experienced the mildest of unexplainable events, tonight will change everything. This short story is set in the same world as Augustus Baltazar and features characters that appear in the second novel in the series: The Scar That Bleeds.
A very small number of people with IQs of over 1,000 secretly live among us, concealing their extraordinary intelligence and mental powers. They call themselves Geniuses, and have - for millennia - influenced our world. Over the centuries evil Geniuses have tried to control ordinary people, who they refer to as Ordinaries, and dominate the world. Good Geniuses have opposed them defending the rights of Ordinaries to control their own destinies and live in freedom. A major confrontation between good and evil Geniuses is about to begin. The fate of the world hangs in the balance.
“A compelling appeal, at just the right time, for continuing to look up.”—Air & Space America’s space program is at a turning point. After decades of global primacy, NASA has ended the space-shuttle program, cutting off its access to space. No astronauts will be launched in an American craft, from American soil, until the 2020s, and NASA may soon find itself eclipsed by other countries’ space programs. With his signature wit and thought-provoking insights, Neil deGrasse Tyson—one of our foremost thinkers on all things space—illuminates the past, present, and future of space exploration and brilliantly reminds us why NASA matters now as much as ever. As Tyson reveals, exploring the space frontier can profoundly enrich many aspects of our daily lives, from education systems and the economy to national security and morale. For America to maintain its status as a global leader and a technological innovator, he explains, we must regain our enthusiasm and curiosity about what lies beyond our world. Provocative, humorous, and wonderfully readable, Space Chronicles represents the best of Tyson’s recent commentary, including a must-read prologue on NASA and partisan politics. Reflecting on topics that range from scientific literacy to space-travel missteps, Tyson gives us an urgent, clear-eyed, and ultimately inspiring vision for the future.
This is the poignant and exciting story of a statistical anomaly, a B-24 bomber crew that completed 50 combat missions in World War II. This crew was part of the famous 450th Bomb Group, which was nicknamed the "Cottontails" because of their white rudders. As part of the 15th Army Air Force, they flew strategic bombing missions out of Manduria, Italy (in the heel of the boot) and struck strategic targets which were out of the reach of the 8th Army Air Force bases in England. The group lost 1,505 airmen in only a year and a half--the equivalent of losing their effective flying strength three times over. The book's title comes from the crew's bomber, Shadow, which in turn was named for the pilot's black cocker spaniel that flew with them on training missions. Based on interviews with the surviving crewmembers and their families as well as extant archival source material, the book details the childhood, training and post-war life of each of its 13 principal characters. Chapter One is a discussion of each man's boyhood years and Chapter Two provides details of the training that each received. In Chapter Three, the original crew of ten (Crew #4-N-33) was formed in Clovis, New Mexico. An assignment for training in Clovis and in B-24s meant that the crew had been designated for heavy bombardment. Chapter Four includes a description of the four main objectives for the crew, one of which was to participate in POINTBLANK, the Combined Bomber Offensive, which called for the destruction of German fighter aircraft plants, ball bearing plants, oil refineries, rubber plants, munitions factories, sub pens and bases. Details of the structural components of most missions are provided in Chapter Five. The crew completes its first missions in Chapter Six. In Chapter Seven, "Shadow" completes its last after taking enemy fire, and Chapter Eight introduces a new plane, Sleepy Time Gal. The book's Epilogue contains information about the post-war lives of the crew.
Fable World is a collection of eighteen short stories that have diverse plots, unusual scenarios, and an occasional surprise ending. These stories are played out by larger-than-life characters battling conflicting forces and relationships in order to achieve their goals in the journey through life. Read about their successes and failures in this one-of-a-kind collection of fables.
Primary healthcare premises are increasingly becoming more sophisticated offering health promotion minor surgery and specialist services. The acquisition of new premises expansion or investment in traditional surgeries can be the greatest financial commitment and also one of the most daunting. This book is specifically written to enable development with minimal disruption to the daily medical routine. The book contains viewpoints of specialists with many years' experience gained from working in their individual fields. It is essential reading for GPs trainees practice managers and professional advisers to general practice. Specialist architects solicitors financial advisors accountants and health authority managers will also achieve a better understanding of this complex subject.
Now a major motion picture directed by Robert Redford and starring Shia LaBeouf, Susan Sarandon, Julie Christie, Terence Howard, Anna Kendrick, Nick Nolte, and Stanley Tucci It is 2006. Seventeen-year-old Isabel Montgomery starts to receive emails from her father, a man who had abandoned her in a hotel room ten years ago when his past finally caught up with him. Why has he contacted her now? Because he needs her help and is finally ready to reveal the truth. Over the course of the next month, further emails arrive telling her more about her family's past. Isabel discovers that her father adopted a false identity in the hope of avoiding murder charges for a robbery gone wrong in 1974. By 1996, with a marriage falling apart around him, he is one last Vietnam-era fugitives still wanted by the law. When he is finally tracked down by a young newspaper reporter in search of a story he must abandon years of safe underground life in an attempt to exonerate himself. Set against the rise and fall of the radical anti-war group the Weather Underground, The Company You Keep is a sweeping American saga about sacrifice, the righteousness of youth, and the tension between political ideals and family loyalties.
Shares the history of the United States Senate, including its struggles with the presidency, its investigative power, and how filibustering became a common practice.
Sample the untold history of Texas’s wine industry in this book filled with fascinating stories and photos. Spanish colonists may have come to Texas to spread Christianity, but under visionary Father Fray Garcia, they stayed and raised grapes. Later immigrants brought their own burgundy tastes of home, creating a unique wine country. When a North American pest threatened European vines, it was Texan scientist T. V. Munson who helped save the industry overseas. When Prohibition loomed stateside, Frank Qualia's Val Verde Winery in Del Rio survived by selling communion wine—and it’s now the longest-operating bonded winery in the state. Today, tourists flock to Texas vineyards, and the state sells more wine every year. Join local experts Kathy and Neil Crain and sample the untold story of Texas's wine industry, a 350-year story that is still reaching its savory peak.
Covering all aspects of research methodology, this research tool also deals with planning issues and self-management techniques needed by the researcher. It contains information on data analysis and advice for staff members needing support from their institutions to pursue research.
Following his participation in James Cook's circumnavigation in HMS Endeavour (1768-71), Joseph Banks developed an extensive global network of scientists and explorers. His correspondence shows how he developed effective working links with the British Admiralty and with the generation of naval officers who sailed after Cook. Volume 5 Letters 1798–1801
This operational laboratory handbook offers a standard set of soil physical measurement methods that are intended to be cost-effective and well-suited to land resource survey. It focuses on practical aspects of measurement and guidance is provided on the interpretation of data wherever possible.
The differences between well-designed security and poorly designed security are not always readily apparent. Poorly designed systems give the appearance of being secure but can over-authorize users or allow access to non-users in subtle ways. The problem is that poorly designed security gives a false sense of confidence. In some ways, it is better to knowingly have no security than to have inadequate security believing it to be stronger than it actually is. But how do you tell the difference? Although it is not rocket science, designing and implementing strong security requires strong foundational skills, some examples to build on, and the capacity to devise new solutions in response to novel challenges. This IBM® Redbooks® publication addresses itself to the first two of these requirements. This book is intended primarily for security specialists and IBM WebSphere® MQ administrators that are responsible for securing WebSphere MQ networks but other stakeholders should find the information useful as well. Chapters 1 through 6 provide a foundational background for WebSphere MQ security. These chapters take a holistic approach positioning WebSphere MQ in the context of a larger system of security controls including those of adjacent platforms' technologies as well as human processes. This approach seeks to eliminate the simplistic model of security as an island, replacing it instead with the model of security as an interconnected and living system. The intended audience for these chapters includes all stakeholders in the messaging system from architects and designers to developers and operations. Chapters 7 and 8 provide technical background to assist in preparing and configuring the scenarios and chapters 9 through 14 are the scenarios themselves. These chapters provide fully realized example configurations. One of the requirements for any scenario to be included was that it must first be successfully implemented in the team's lab environment. In addition, the advice provided is the cumulative result of years of participation in the online community by the authors and reflect real-world practices adapted for the latest security features in WebSphere MQ V7.1 and WebSphere MQ V7.5. Although these chapters are written with WebSphere MQ administrators in mind, developers, project leaders, operations staff, and architects are all stakeholders who will find the configurations and topologies described here useful. The third requirement mentioned in the opening paragraph was the capacity to devise new solutions in response to novel challenges. The only constant in the security field is that the technology is always changing. Although this book provides some configurations in a checklist format, these should be considered a snapshot at a point in time. It will be up to you as the security designer and implementor to stay current with security news for the products you work with and integrate fixes, patches, or new solutions as the state of the art evolves.
A book of quotes and readings - poems, prayers, short reflections and stories - for each day of the year from writers and thinkers who have inspired the Iona Community and from members of the community themselves.
This manual provides trainee solicitors with a clear understanding of business law, including coverage of shareholders' agreements, share purchase agreements, partnership law, and intellectual property. It is essential to students on the Professional Practice Course and is also a valuable resource for Irish legal practitioners.
As Asia, China, in particular, gains economic momentum and increasingly attracts global attention, disputes between Asian and Western parties will inevitably increase. This book, the first to address issues arising from these types of disputes in depth, collects incisive articles by both well-known Asian arbitrators and non-Asian practitioners with extensive experience dealing with arbitrations involving Asian parties, all under the aegis of Michael Moser, a Western-trained lawyer who had the foresight to build a China-focused dispute resolution practice at a time when it was not fashionable to do so. The articles reflect Moser’s exemplary career as an independent arbitrator who has navigated between Asian and Western legal cultures seamlessly for decades. The upshot is an authoritative investigation of the differences and similarities of international arbitration between two contrasting cultures–both from a legal and social perspective– as well as a consideration of how each culture has influenced international arbitration practice overall. Issues covered include the following: interim measures in support of arbitration; the hybrid arbitration-mediation mode of dispute resolution; what China’s investment treaties have to offer; Moser’s ‘Triple A’ approach to mediation; witness conferencing; influence of of rang (¿), or exercise of altruism; Chinese courts’ approach to international arbitration; evolution of investment protection between China and Europe; disclosure versus state secrecy laws in China; and the standard for disclosure in rules of evidence. Given the increasing prevalence of arbitrations seated in Asia and the number of new players engaged in arbitration in Asia, this book is certain to attract a wide range of arbitration practitioners, especially those engaged in arbitrations involving Asian parties. As a comparative study of Asian and Western arbitration theory and practice, it is peerless. Scholars of arbitration worldwide are sure to learn from the insights detailed here of practitioners with consummate experience in arbitrations involving cross-cultural parties. “This is an excellent and wide ranging publication that rightly pays tribute to Michael’s career as a multi-faceted doyen of international arbitration; he has had his base in Asia but at all times he has held a global and even minded view. Many of us – and the overall institution of international arbitration - owe so very much to him.” Matthew Gearing, QC, former Chair of HKIAC “This wide-ranging and insightful volume pays tribute to the distinguished career of Michael Moser, a true Renaissance figure who has traversed both East and West and helped so many others bridge the two.” Gary Born, WilmerHale
By recounting actual court cases, this book examines the multi-billion-dollar elder fraud industry, the special vulnerabilities of those it targets, and the ease and frequency with which it obtains hundreds of thousands of dollars per victim. It also reveals successful strategies for combating that industry and the important contributions to that effort by concerned bankers, doctors, reporters and others in the private sector. The cases reveal an increasingly sophisticated global industry that targets each victim with a series of repeat "hits." This tactic--criminals call it "reloading"--sets the elder fraud industry apart from groups that defraud younger individuals. Twelve key age-related fraud vulnerabilities are illustrated in the cases. So, too, are the scammers' skills in mapping their target's unique combination of vulnerabilities and then tailoring their narratives to exploit each one. Most of the cases highlight actual victims, scam artists or fraud fighters. Their individual stories range from inspiring and sometimes comical to frustrating and deeply disturbing. Readers with aging parents, law enforcement officials, medical professionals, members of the financial industry and others who work with older adults will find it particularly useful.
The story of Michael Hanley, faced with the choice of slowly dying in Ireland or taking his chances in America. He joins the army's 4th Infantry and must live or die as best he can amid danger and prejudice as the United States and Mexico edge closer to war. Will he make a lfe for himself in America or will he fall? Neil MacMillan is a freelance writer and living historian specializing in the American Civil War. He resides in Syracuse, NY with his wife Peggy.
Recounting the fenoterol epidemic—a major medical controversy that took place more than 15 years ago—this narrative explores the involvement of the asthma drug that caused numerous asthma deaths. Although the epidemic occurred in New Zealand, its shocking discoveries and subsequent consequences attracted worldwide attention in medical journals and conferences. Neil Pearce, the researcher who discovered that fenoteral was the cause of the epidemic, tells this personal story while raising concerns about drug safety internationally and analyzing the battle between money and science in medical research.
A Brief Moment in the Sun is the first scholarly biography of Francis Lewis Cardozo, one of the most talented and influential African Americans to hold elected office in the South between Reconstruction and the civil rights era. Born to a formerly enslaved African American mother and white Jewish father in antebellum South Carolina, Cardozo led a life of extraordinary achievement as a pioneering educator, politician, and government official. However, today he is largely unknown in South Carolina and among students of nineteenth-century American history. Immediately after the Civil War, Cardozo succeeded in creating and leading a successful school for formerly enslaved children in the face of widespread racial hostility. Between 1868 and 1877, voters elected him secretary of state and state treasurer. In the Republican administrations that controlled the state during Reconstruction, Cardozo was a famously honest officeholder when many of his colleagues were notoriously corrupt. He played a major part in securing a viable educational system for Black and white children and land reform for thousands of landless families. Cardozo proved that Black men could govern at least as well as white. As a result, he became the target of white supremacist Democratic politicians after they reclaimed power through a campaign of violence and intimidation. They prosecuted, convicted, and imprisoned Cardozo on a fabricated fraud charge. Pardoned in 1879, Cardozo moved to Washington DC, where he led an even more successful school for African American children. Neil Kinghan’s Brief Moment in the Sun is the first complete historical analysis of Francis Cardozo and his contribution to Reconstruction and African American history. It draws on original research on Cardozo’s early life and education in Scotland and England and pulls together for the first time the extant sources on his experiences in South Carolina and Washington, DC. Kinghan reveals all that Cardozo achieved as a Black educator and political leader and explores what else he might have realized if white racism and violence had not ended his efforts in South Carolina. Above all, Kinghan shows that Francis Cardozo deserves a place of honor and distinction in the history of nineteenth-century America.
Gerry St. Germain’s story begins in “Petit Canada” on the shores of the Assiniboine, growing up with his two younger sisters, his mother and his father—a shy Metis trapper and construction worker who sometimes struggled to put food on the table. St. Germain was initially troubled in school, scrapping with classmates and often skipping out to shoot pool, but an aunt and uncle funded his tuition to Catholic school, where a nun recognized his aptitude for math and encouraged him to pursue his dreams. He would go on to become an air force pilot, undercover policeman and West Coast chicken farmer. Business gave way to politics, and in 1988 he became one of a tiny number of Aboriginal Canadians named to a federal cabinet. That milestone was just one of many for a man who played a critical role in Canada’s Conservative movement for a generation. From the Brian Mulroney era to the roller-coaster leadership of Kim Campbell, then to the collapse of the Progressive Conservative Party in 1993 and the subsequent rebuilding of the movement under Stephen Harper, St. Germain remained a trusted confidant of prime ministers and a crucial and often daring behind-the-scenes broker in bringing warring factions together. But he is most proud of his efforts during his later years in the Senate, when he was a quiet hero to Canada’s Aboriginal community. He spearheaded major Senate reports on key issues like land claims and on-reserve education during the Harper era, when there were few friendly faces for First Nations leaders on Parliament Hill. That role reflected St. Germain’s profound determination to help people who are still dealing today with the brutal legacy of residential schools and the paternalistic Indian Act. Memories of his humble beginnings, and the shame he once felt over his Metis heritage bubbled to the surface in his final address to Canada’s Parliament in 2012, when he said in a voice quaking with emotion: “I am a Metis.”
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