National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (U.S.). Committee on Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk's Books

Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk

A Process Model for Determining Age-Specific Nutrient Requirements

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk

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Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk

A Process Model for Determining Age-Specific Nutrient Requirements

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk

Human milk is considered the biologic norm for feeding the human infant during the first 6 months of life, and it is a preferred food from 6 to 12 months. It is a complex food and exerts its biologic effects well beyond its known nutritional value; however, human milk composition and the complexity of its composition is not wholly known or understood. Thus, defining the composition of milk, as well as both the individual and combined effects of milk components and the volume consumed on infant growth and development, is central to optimizing infant health. Furthermore, defining human milk composition, volume, and the myriad factors that influence milk components is needed for developing future Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) standards for nutrient intakes during the first 12 months of life. Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk examines the new and emerging evidence describing the nutrient content of human milk as well as the volume of milk consumed, both of which are needed to understand nutrient consumption by healthy breastfed infants. An evidence scan approach was used to summarize the status of the published literature on the nutrient content of human milk and to identify new evidence on nutrients in human milk that could inform the need for a systematic review as a component of the DRI process.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309683475

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9780309683470

Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk

A Process Model for Determining Age-specific Nutrient Requirements

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (U.S.). Committee on Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk

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Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk

A Process Model for Determining Age-specific Nutrient Requirements

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (U.S.). Committee on Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk

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ISBN 10

0309683459

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9780309683456

Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk

A Process Model for Determining Age-Specific Nutrient Requirements

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk

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Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk

A Process Model for Determining Age-Specific Nutrient Requirements

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk

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111

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309683475

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9780309683470

Guiding Principles for Developing Dietary Reference Intakes Based on Chronic Disease

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on the Development of Guiding Principles for the Inclusion of Chronic Disease Endpoints in Future Dietary Reference Intakes

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Guiding Principles for Developing Dietary Reference Intakes Based on Chronic Disease

Since 1938 and 1941, nutrient intake recommendations have been issued to the public in Canada and the United States, respectively. Currently defined as the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs), these values are a set of standards established by consensus committees under the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and used for planning and assessing diets of apparently healthy individuals and groups. In 2015, a multidisciplinary working group sponsored by the Canadian and U.S. government DRI steering committees convened to identify key scientific challenges encountered in the use of chronic disease endpoints to establish DRI values. Their report, Options for Basing Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) on Chronic Disease: Report from a Joint US-/Canadian-Sponsored Working Group, outlined and proposed ways to address conceptual and methodological challenges related to the work of future DRI Committees. This report assesses the options presented in the previous report and determines guiding principles for including chronic disease endpoints for food substances that will be used by future National Academies committees in establishing DRIs.

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335

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309462568

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9780309462563

Harmonization of Approaches to Nutrient Reference Values

Applications to Young Children and Women of Reproductive Age

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on the Application of Global Harmonization of Methodological Approaches to Nutrient Intake Recommendations for Young Children and Women of Reproductive Age

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Harmonization of Approaches to Nutrient Reference Values

Applications to Young Children and Women of Reproductive Age

Recommended intake levels for nutrients and other dietary components were designed initially to prevent nutrient deficiency diseases in a given population, and the original methodological approach used to derive intake values did not include consideration for other applications. However, with the increasing globalization of information and the identification of a variety of factors specific to different population subgroups (e.g., young children and women of reproductive age) that influence their nutritional needs, there has been increasing recognition of the need to consider methodological approaches to deriving nutrient reference values (NRVs) that are applicable across countries and that take into account the varying needs of different population subgroups. There is a need for guidance and recommendations about methodological approaches, as well as their potential for application to an international process for the development of NRVs, and particularly for young children and women of reproductive age. Harmonization of Approaches to Nutrient Reference Values: Applications to Young Children and Women of Reproductive Age examines these issues and makes recommendations for a unified approach to developing NRVs that would be acceptable globally.

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175

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309477727

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9780309477727

Global Harmonization of Methodological Approaches to Nutrient Intake Recommendations

Proceedings of a Workshop

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board

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Global Harmonization of Methodological Approaches to Nutrient Intake Recommendations

Proceedings of a Workshop

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a public workshop in September 2017 to explore the evidence for achieving global harmonization of methodological approaches to establishing nutrient intake recommendations. Participants reviewed current nutrient intake recommendations, discussed the feasibility of harmonizing approaches to setting such recommendations globally, examined the development of principles by which they may be applied in diverse contexts that relate to individuals or populations, or regulatory purposes, and examined perceptions and acceptance of nutrient intake recommendations by different stakeholders. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

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195

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309472008

ISBN 13

9780309472005

Advancing Nutrition and Food Science

80th Anniversary of the Food and Nutrition Board: Proceedings of a Symposium

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board

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Advancing Nutrition and Food Science

80th Anniversary of the Food and Nutrition Board: Proceedings of a Symposium

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board

The Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine was convened in 1940 in response to a request from the U.S. National Defense Advisory Commission to the National Academy of Sciences for aid in studying problems of nutrition in the United States. Today the FNB is the focal point for activities concerned with food, nutrition, and food safety, and their roles in health maintenance and disease prevention. Now in its 80th year, the FNB has continued its growth and expanded its reach both domestically and internationally, providing visionary leadership across a range of nutrition and food science issues toward the improvement of human health. In honor of its 80 years of service to the nation, the FNB convened a public symposium to review the origin and history, policy influence, and future directions of the FNB. This publication summarizes the presentations of the event.

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111

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309680301

ISBN 13

9780309680301

Harmonizing the Process for Establishing Nutrient Reference Values

A Tool Kit

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board,Lindsay Allen,Janet King,Ann Yaktine

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Harmonizing the Process for Establishing Nutrient Reference Values

A Tool Kit

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board,Lindsay Allen,Janet King,Ann Yaktine

Harmonized approaches to setting recommendations for safe and appropriate dietary intakes and nutritional interventions are critical to support the resolution of differences across countries in setting national and international nutrition standards; promote consistency in public and clinical health objectives; provide a mechanism for designing national and international food and nutrition policies; and enhance the transparency of national standards for trade and other regulatory actions that have economic, health, and safety implications. Consistent dietary intake recommendations cannot be made without first establishing a consistent approach to derive reference values for population-level nutrient intakes. This tool kit is designed to help global stakeholders, including those in low- and middle-income countries, participate more easily in the process of implementing, disseminating, and evaluating a consistent and homogeneous methodological approach to the nutrient reference value process.

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309685028

ISBN 13

9780309685023

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

Examining the Evidence to Define Benefit Adequacy

By: National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Committee on National Statistics,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Examination of the Adequacy of Food Resources and SNAP Allotments

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Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

Examining the Evidence to Define Benefit Adequacy

By: National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Committee on National Statistics,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Examination of the Adequacy of Food Resources and SNAP Allotments

For many Americans who live at or below the poverty threshold, access to healthy foods at a reasonable price is a challenge that often places a strain on already limited resources and may compel them to make food choices that are contrary to current nutritional guidance. To help alleviate this problem, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) administers a number of nutrition assistance programs designed to improve access to healthy foods for low-income individuals and households. The largest of these programs is the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), formerly called the Food Stamp Program, which today serves more than 46 million Americans with a program cost in excess of $75 billion annually. The goals of SNAP include raising the level of nutrition among low-income households and maintaining adequate levels of nutrition by increasing the food purchasing power of low-income families. In response to questions about whether there are different ways to define the adequacy of SNAP allotments consistent with the program goals of improving food security and access to a healthy diet, USDA's Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) asked the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to conduct a study to examine the feasibility of defining the adequacy of SNAP allotments, specifically: the feasibility of establishing an objective, evidence-based, science-driven definition of the adequacy of SNAP allotments consistent with the program goals of improving food security and access to a healthy diet, as well as other relevant dimensions of adequacy; and data and analyses needed to support an evidence-based assessment of the adequacy of SNAP allotments. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program: Examining the Evidence to Define Benefit Adequacy reviews the current evidence, including the peer-reviewed published literature and peer-reviewed government reports. Although not given equal weight with peer-reviewed publications, some non-peer-reviewed publications from nongovernmental organizations and stakeholder groups also were considered because they provided additional insight into the behavioral aspects of participation in nutrition assistance programs. In addition to its evidence review, the committee held a data gathering workshop that tapped a range of expertise relevant to its task.

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235

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309263476

ISBN 13

9780309263474

Improving Data to Analyze Food and Nutrition Policies

By: National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Panel on Enhancing the Data Infrastructure in Support of Food and Nutrition Programs, Research, and Decision Making

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Improving Data to Analyze Food and Nutrition Policies

Several changes in the United States over the past two decades have implications for diet, nutrition, and food safety, including patterns of food consumption that have produced an increase in overweight and obese Americans and threats to food safety from pathogens and bioterrorism. The changes raise a number of critical policy and research questions: How do differences in food prices and availability or in households' time resources for shopping and food preparation affect what people consume and where they eat? How do factors outside of the household, such as the availability of stores and restaurants, food preparation technology, and food marketing and labeling policies, affect what people are consuming? What effects have food assistance programs had on the nutritional quality of diets and the health of those served by the programs? Where do people buy and consume food and how does food preparation affect food safety? To address these and related questions, the Economic Research Service (ERS) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) asked the Committee on National Statistics to convene a panel of experts to provide advice for improving the data infrastructure on food consumption and nutrition. The panel was charged to review data needs to support research and decision making for food and nutrition policies and programs in USDA and to assess the adequacy of the current data infrastructure and recommend enhancements to improve it. The primary basis for the panel's deliberations, given limited resources, was a workshop on Enhancing the Data Infrastructure in Support of Food and Nutrition Programs, Research, and Decision Making, which the panel convened on May 27-28, 2004. This report is based on the discussions at the workshop and the deliberations of the panel. The report outlines key data that are needed to better address questions related to food consumption, diet, and health; discusses the available data and some limitations of those data; and offers recommendations for improvements in those data. The panel was charged to consider USDA data needs for policy making and the focus of the report is on those needs.

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146

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309181445

ISBN 13

9780309181440

Approaches to Assessing Intake of Food and Dietary Supplements in Pregnant Women and Children 2 to 11 Years of Age

Proceedings of a Workshop Series

By: ENGINEERING NATIONAL ACADEMIES OF SCIENCES (AND MEDICINE. HEALTH AND MEDICINE DIVISION. FOOD AND.),National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board

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Approaches to Assessing Intake of Food and Dietary Supplements in Pregnant Women and Children 2 to 11 Years of Age

Proceedings of a Workshop Series

A virtual workshop series titled Approaches to Assessing Intake of Food and Dietary Supplements in Pregnant Women and Children 2 to 11 Years of Age was convened in May, 2021 by the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The four-day workshop series explored the evidence on methodological approaches to assessing intake of food and dietary supplements in pregnant women and children 2 to 11 years of age. Obtaining reliable and valid dietary intake information for these population groups is particularly difficult - in pregnancy, rapid changes in nutrient needs and dietary intakes occur, and in young children, much of dietary intake is consumed outside the home and is often misreported by the children or their proxy reporters. To advance the quality of the science in these areas, the workshop had four goals: identify the suite of current methods used in dietary assessments, including food and dietary supplements, in pregnant women and children 2 to 11 years of age; identify the methodological challenges and opportunities in improving current methods; explore methodologies in other disciplines and their application in dietary assessments in those populations; and discuss factors to consider when implementing dietary assessment tools in those populations. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions of the workshop series.

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136

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309271606

ISBN 13

9780309271608

Book's by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (U.S.). Committee on Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk

Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk

Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk

Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk

Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk

Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk

Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk

Guiding Principles for Developing Dietary Reference Intakes Based on Chronic Disease

Guiding Principles for Developing Dietary Reference Intakes Based on Chronic Disease

Harmonization of Approaches to Nutrient Reference Values

Harmonization of Approaches to Nutrient Reference Values

Global Harmonization of Methodological Approaches to Nutrient Intake Recommendations

Global Harmonization of Methodological Approaches to Nutrient Intake Recommendations

Advancing Nutrition and Food Science

Advancing Nutrition and Food Science

Harmonizing the Process for Establishing Nutrient Reference Values

Harmonizing the Process for Establishing Nutrient Reference Values

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

Improving Data to Analyze Food and Nutrition Policies

Improving Data to Analyze Food and Nutrition Policies

Approaches to Assessing Intake of Food and Dietary Supplements in Pregnant Women and Children 2 to 11 Years of Age

Approaches to Assessing Intake of Food and Dietary Supplements in Pregnant Women and Children 2 to 11 Years of Age

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