This book compiles the fundamentals of biohydrogen production technology. It offers comprehensive coverage of microbiology, biochemistry, feedstock requirements, and molecular biology of the biological hydrogen production processes. It also gives insight into scale-up problems and limitations. In addition, the book discusses mathematical modeling of the processes involved in biohydrogen production and the software required to model the processes. It also summarizes research advances, discusses bottlenecks of the various processes, and covers the process economy, policy, and environmental impact of this technology.
The objective of this monograph is to improve the performance of the sentiment analysis model by incorporating the semantic, syntactic and common-sense knowledge. This book proposes a novel semantic concept extraction approach that uses dependency relations between words to extract the features from the text. Proposed approach combines the semantic and common-sense knowledge for the better understanding of the text. In addition, the book aims to extract prominent features from the unstructured text by eliminating the noisy, irrelevant and redundant features. Readers will also discover a proposed method for efficient dimensionality reduction to alleviate the data sparseness problem being faced by machine learning model. Authors pay attention to the four main findings of the book : -Performance of the sentiment analysis can be improved by reducing the redundancy among the features. Experimental results show that minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance (mRMR) feature selection technique improves the performance of the sentiment analysis by eliminating the redundant features. - Boolean Multinomial Naive Bayes (BMNB) machine learning algorithm with mRMR feature selection technique performs better than Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier for sentiment analysis. - The problem of data sparseness is alleviated by semantic clustering of features, which in turn improves the performance of the sentiment analysis. - Semantic relations among the words in the text have useful cues for sentiment analysis. Common-sense knowledge in form of ConceptNet ontology acquires knowledge, which provides a better understanding of the text that improves the performance of the sentiment analysis.
Introduction : An asynchronic timeline -- Ephemeral infrastructures -- The financial sublime -- Drawing fantasies -- The industry of sound -- Inside the pit -- Concrete love -- Conclusion : Inquilab zindabad -- Appendix : list of masterplans affecting gurgaon.
Sita is one of the defining figures of Indian womanhood, yet there is no single version of her story. Different accounts coexist in myth, literature and folktale. Canonical texts deify Sita while regional variations humanize her. Folk songs and ballads connect her timeless predicament to the daily lives of rural women. Modern-day women continue to see themselves reflected in films, serials and soap operas based on Sita’s narrative. Sacrifice, self denial and unquestioning loyalty are some of the ideals associated with popular perceptions of Sita. But the Janaki who symbolized strength, who could lift Shiva’s mighty bow, who courageously chose to accompany Rama into exile and who refused to follow him back after a second trial, is often forgotten. However she is remembered, revered or written about, Sita continues to exert a powerful influence on the collective Indian psyche. In Search of Sita presents essays, conversations and commentaries that explore different aspects of her life. It revisits mythology, reopening the debate on her birth, her days in exile, her abduction, the test by fire, the birth of her sons and, finally, her return to the earth—offering fresh interpretations of this enigmatic figure and her indelible impact on our everyday lives.
Dilli ki Khoj is an anecdotal history of Delhi and its monuments by Shri Brij Kishan Chandiwala, an eminent Gandhian. The volume was published in Hindi by the Publications Division of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India, in 1964 and has been out of print for many years. This English translation of Dilli ki Khoj revives an out-of-print classic and makes it more accessible to a global audience. The book covers Delhi’s long history, details on monuments built from the ancient times till the early 1960s and a detailed recording of all of Gandhiji’s visits to Delhi. It also traces significant epochs in Indian history and the rise of a national identity. The volume spans the genres of journalism, architecture, history, mythology and area studies and will be of special interest to historiographers, especially in the contemporary context.
India is shining, and Suresh Kaushal, the stout lawyer -of sober habits', has propelled himself up the political ladder to become Minister of State for Food Processing, Animal Husbandry, Fisheries and Canneries. His wife Priya can't believe their luck and, determined to ensure it doesn't run out, struggles valiantly with -social vertigo', infidelity and menopause. Along the way she also learns vital lessons on survival, as she watches her glamorous new friend Pooonam chase status, sex and Jimmy Choo shoes, and her radical old friend Lenin ride a donkey and lose his bearings. In this wickedly funny, occasionally tender, book, Namita Gokhale resurrects some unforgettable characters from her 1984 cult bestseller Paro, and plunges them neck-deep into Delhi's toxic waste of power, money and greed.
This book focuses on more than 100 years of climatic oscillation in Bengal Duars, a unique foothill landscape of the Eastern Himalaya, to discuss the dynamics of life and livelihoods of forest dependent communities towards climate change related impacts. The authors describe the struggles the people of this region face, including climate vulnerability, displacement, migration, and human-animal conflict, and provides a unique and comprehensive analysis of the interconnection between perceptions and responses of forest villagers for survival and adaptation to climate change. The book presents advanced quantitative methods and field-based studies applied in the region to help researchers and policy makers comprehend and measure potential and actual adaptation attitudes of the villagers, while also understanding the present challenges, risk patterns, and potential impacts climate change has on the natural environment and community life. The book will additionally be of interest to students and researchers in geography, forestry, ecology and environmental science.
In “Love, Lies and Best Friend Ties!,” Rajib and Saachi’s uproarious journey navigates a tangled web of hilarity. Rajib’s rebellious plan clashes with Saachi’s identity crisis, prompting them to concoct a mock marriage for relief. But when Raina enters the scene, their cosy life spins into a comedic whirlwind. Hold onto your funny bone as misunderstandings, mishaps, and mayhem unfold. Rajib’s ex resurfaces, quirky parents complicate matters, and unexpected guests spill secrets. Amidst the laughter, “Love, Lies and Best Friend Ties!” unearths heartwarming moments of self-discovery and acceptance. With Rajib, Saachi, and Raina at the centre of chaos, you’ll root for each other to find truths beneath the mountain of hilarious lies. Prepare for a laughter-filled battle of wits, where side-splitting misadventures lead to unforeseen revelations.
At a mere four hours’ notice, at 8.00 p.m., on March 24th 2020, the Indian Prime Minister Modi announced a lockdown to contain the spread of virus in order to jumpstart an already-crumbling healthcare system for one of the most devastating pandemics soon to envelop India. People stormed out to panic-buy ration stocks; India’s migrant working classes started walking back to the villages, left hungry and desolate without homes, work and wages - a scene not very short of an apocalypse. Over two summers, India woke up to similar headlines: a shortage of hospital beds, oxygen, medicines; a languishing economy; cases rising and falling; governments greenlighting Hindu religious, superspreader that compounded the second wave; misled unlocking schools, business and the social sphere, and reversed lockdowns when cases went up; underreporting of cases and deaths; lakhs dead to the virus and crores of people infected, and still counting. While the pandemic continues to rage on, notwithstanding its ebbs and flows, its real impact on society may start to be visible only much later. Over a year of tracking how the pandemic ravaged India’s society, economy, politics and culture, nine of finest India’s writers try and make sense of this difficult reality. The Dark Hour is a publisher’s anthology of specially commissioned long-form essays that unpack two dreadful summers of the pandemic that wreaked havoc on the many Indias within India.
This book is sequel to a book Statistical Inference: Testing of Hypotheses (published by PHI Learning). Intended for the postgraduate students of statistics, it introduces the problem of estimation in the light of foundations laid down by Sir R.A. Fisher (1922) and follows both classical and Bayesian approaches to solve these problems. The book starts with discussing the growing levels of data summarization to reach maximal summarization and connects it with sufficient and minimal sufficient statistics. The book gives a complete account of theorems and results on uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimators (UMVUE)—including famous Rao and Blackwell theorem to suggest an improved estimator based on a sufficient statistic and Lehmann-Scheffe theorem to give an UMVUE. It discusses Cramer-Rao and Bhattacharyya variance lower bounds for regular models, by introducing Fishers information and Chapman, Robbins and Kiefer variance lower bounds for Pitman models. Besides, the book introduces different methods of estimation including famous method of maximum likelihood and discusses large sample properties such as consistency, consistent asymptotic normality (CAN) and best asymptotic normality (BAN) of different estimators. Separate chapters are devoted for finding Pitman estimator, among equivariant estimators, for location and scale models, by exploiting symmetry structure, present in the model, and Bayes, Empirical Bayes, Hierarchical Bayes estimators in different statistical models. Systematic exposition of the theory and results in different statistical situations and models, is one of the several attractions of the presentation. Each chapter is concluded with several solved examples, in a number of statistical models, augmented with exposition of theorems and results. KEY FEATURES • Provides clarifications for a number of steps in the proof of theorems and related results., • Includes numerous solved examples to improve analytical insight on the subject by illustrating the application of theorems and results. • Incorporates Chapter-end exercises to review student’s comprehension of the subject. • Discusses detailed theory on data summarization, unbiased estimation with large sample properties, Bayes and Minimax estimation, separately, in different chapters.
‘The history of women is left to us in folklore and tradition, in faintly-remembered lullabies and the half-forgotten touch of a grandmother’s hand, in recipes, ancestral jewellery, and cautionary tales about the limits of a woman’s empowerment. Mountain Echoes describes the Kumaoni way of life through the eyes of four highly-talented and individualistic women. Their recollections mirror a social universe that no longer exists, that has been dissolved in the mainstream of modernization and urbanization, of democracy, education and emancipation. Shivani, Tare Pande, Jiya, and Shakuntala Pande were all alive and well when this book was first published in 1998. In the midst of all the rapid and unrecognizable charge that surrounds us, their stories and their memories are distilled into an even more precious evocation of times past.’
Before Mother Left, In A Long-Ago Time, We Had Been Very Rich&. My Grandmother Had Been A Great Singer, A Kothewali Whose Voice Was More Liquid And Beautiful Than Lata Mangeshkar S. Eleven Nawabs And Two Englishmen Were Besotted With Love Of Her&. From These Great Heights Gudiya S World Plunges Into The Depths Of Almost Complete Penury When She Arrives In Delhi With Her Ancient Grandmother, Ammi, Fleeing Small-Town Scandal And Disgrace. Just When All Seems Lost, Ammi Works A Miracle: A Slab Of Green Marble Stolen From A Building Site, And Five Rounded Pebbles From A Sahib'S Garden, Are Transformed By The Power Of Her Singing Voice Into An Inviolable Place Of Worship. From Here On, Gudiya S Life Takes On An Extraordinary Momentum Of Its Own. Ammi Dies A Small-Time Saint, Pandit Kailash Nath Shastri Predicts A Future Of Impossible Luck, The Irrepressible Phoolwati Becomes An Unlikely Guardian, And The Inhumanly Handsome Kalki Rides In On His White Horse And Steals Her Heart. As We Follow The Twists And Turns Of Gudiya S Story, We See Unfold Before Us The Peculiar Dance Of Chance And Will That Is Human Existence.
1944, Kohima — a small, sleepy town in northeast India. Subhash Chandra Bose and his Indian National Army (INA) along with the Japanese, are on the brink of bringing the Empire to its knees and forcing the British out of India. But, inexplicably, the tables turn. The INA’s advance is thwarted and the victory march to Delhi is halted. Seventy years later, the British admit that the Battle of Kohima was the greatest battle they had ever fought. Even more so than the battles of Waterloo and Dunkirk. Was it then that old Indian curse — betrayal? Someone from within Netaji’s own ranks? Were there forces other than the British, waiting in the shadows closer to home, who stood to gain even more from the INA’s defeat? Or was it just love that irrevocably altered the course of India’s destiny? The Wrong Turn: Love and Betrayal in the Time of Netaji, is a sweeping tale of passion set against the freedom struggle. Debraj, the rakish playboy and scion of a distinguished Calcutta family, and Nishonko, the fiery revolutionary sworn to the cause of the INA, must not only fight their common enemy, but also for the love of Aditi, the rebel with the healing touch. A haunting tale of love, friendship and betrayal of an entire nation, The Wrong Turn veers inexorably towards a poignant redemption.
You may have tried dieting before, but have you ever managed to change your shape in just four weeks? Namita Jain, a renowned wellness expert, draws on her experience of twenty years as a weight management and fitness specialist to design a diet regime that you can easily work into your everyday schedule. And if you follow it properly, you could drop a trouser size a month, or maybe even two! What’s more, there is no need to run to the grocery store for unheard-of ingredients, no elaborate preparations, no tasteless, colourless dishes that force you to give up in despair. This diet uses vegetables and masalas found in every Indian kitchen to create meals that are oil-free, calorie-free, yet delicious to eat. The recipes involve minimum fuss, yet add that irresistible aroma to your food without the oil. The Four-week Countdown Diet includes: Diet and workout plans suited to your individual needs Tips on how to stock your kitchen and bar Easy-to-make recipes Simple exercises you can do at home Everything you need to know about spas, saunas and weight-loss gadgets Real life examples from clients So don’t wait. Make a difference to your life now! Namita Jain is a highly respected lifestyle and weight-management specialist and authority in the wellness industry. She holds prestigious international certifications in several fitness-related disciplines and has been actively involved in the wellness space for over twenty years, offering holistic guidance and teaching hundreds of students to get fitter, faster. She is a clinical fitness specialist at Bombay Hospital in Mumbai, structuring training programmes for patients with special needs, training the trainers and conducting specialized classes. Namita writes a variety of columns for leading newspapers and magazines in India, covering health issues such as nutrition, exercise and related topics. She can be reached through her websites, www.liveactive.com and www.jaldifit.com.
Since the 1990s, development-induced displacement has emerged as a major human rights concern. At the heart of this debate lie the issues of equity, governance, justice and power. There are many examples of dam-induced displacement and resettlement being mismanaged and thus leading to enormous social and environmental costs. The developing impasse necessitated fresh insights into the lives of affected people, and a review of assumptions, questions and options in social engineering, a challenge that was taken up in sociological and anthropological research. This book is an endeavour to fill this gap by providing a comprehensive outlook on the human rights issues involved in development induced displacement. This book is a sincere effort to provide a critical analysis of the environmental, social and economic impacts of development projects. It further calls for a serious deliberation on the human rights aspects of development induced displacement.
The starting point for the book is the low economic activity of women in India, and hence, both governmental and NGO-based activities to raise the level of women’s participation to Indian economy, and through that, the increase in women’s economic and social independence. The book focuses on elementary and important issues of entrepreneurship and women in any economy. Prof. Anne Kovalainen School of Economics University of Turku, Finland The book focuses on three NGOs and their activities in enhancing and promoting women’s entrepreneurial activities in three different areas in India. The empirical material consists of interview materials as well as background data and reports, national level statistics and other figures that are used to describe the Indian situation in general, and specifically those conditions from where women’s entrepreneurial activities arise, such as gender equality and legislation frameworks. The book is very important, not only for the women’s entrepreneurship and economic activity but for the Indian society at large. Prof. Paola Villa Department of Economics University of Trento, Italy This book is a product of extensive and intensive research. The book aptly highlights and proves the importance of NGOs in promoting women entrepreneurship. Given the rigors of research methodology, the book will also serve as a model for future research on the related dimensions of women entrepreneurship. Prof. Italo Trevisan Department of Economics and Management University of Trento, Italy Women’s empowerment in India remains a daunting task for governmental and non-governmental organizations alike. Given the importance of economic empowerment of women, this study provides an overview of the entrepreneurship as a means to economic empowerment of Indian women. Dr. Suman Sharma Officer on Special Duty(OSD) Dayal Singh College (Evening) University of Delhi
When Namita is ten years old, her mother takes her to Kennedy Bridge, a seamy neighborhood in Bombay, home to hookers and dance girls. There, in a cramped one-room apartment lives Dhondutai, the last living disciple of two of the finest Indian classical singers of the twentieth century: the legendary Alladiya Khan and the great songbird Kesarbai Kerkar. Namita begins to learn singing from Dhondutai, at first reluctantly and then, as the years pass, with growing passion. Dhondutai sees in her a second Kesarbai, but does Namita have the dedication to give herself up completely to the discipline like her teacher? Or will there always be too many late nights and cigarettes? And where do love and marriage fit into all of this? A bestseller in India, where it was a literary sensation, The Music Room is a deeply moving meditation on how traditions and life lessons are passed along generations, on the sacrifices made by women through the ages, and on a largely unknown, but vital aspect of Indian life and culture that will utterly fascinate American readers.
Twenty-seven years in service and fifty-three transfers: that's an average of six months in each posting. Meet the forever-in-transit man of the Indian bureaucracy, Ashok Khemka. The IAS officer shot into the limelight in 2012, when he cancelled the mutation of a land deal between realty major DLF and a company which belonged to Congress president Sonia Gandhi's son-in-law Robert Vadra. With the Congress party in power, most people called it a suicidal move. But, true to his reputation for being scrupulously honest, Khemka didn't budge. Throughout his career, Khemka has suffered at the hands of his political masters for his refusal to compromise. Be it being stripped of his official car for defying a chief minister, or being charge-sheeted for frivolous reasons, the actions of those with vested interests have not been able to shake his indomitable spirit. Why has the man never given up against a 'system' that always tends to go with the flow? Why do political parties use Khemka's example to score brownie points during elections and conveniently forget the man afterwards? Why are there just admirers and no takers for the officer when it comes to his deputation with the central government? And, most importantly, will honest officers like Ashok Khemka continue to suffer under successive regimes?Offering an insider's view of India's administrative machinery, Just Transferred is the riveting story of a man whose example may well become an inspiration to civil servants across the country.
Morning sickness, Mood swings, Frequent headaches, Glowing skin, Dizzy spells ... You could be experiencing all this, or none of this. The truth is, there are no givens in pregnancy. No two bodies are the same, and no two pregnancies are the same. You're always surrounded by advice, lots of it. And you still don't have the answers to many of your questions. Am I gaining too much weight? Does my baby starve when I throw up? Will too much chocolate harm my baby? How do I exercise? Why am I in a bad mood all the time? And that most-asked question of all: Is this normal? Namita Jain, one of the best-known names in the wellness industry, sets you at ease with this guide to a fitter pregnancy that is based on her clients' experiences and a number of case studies. Complete with exercise routines, healthy recipes, and loads of tips on how to shop right, eat well, travel comfortably, sit in the office, get rid of stretch marks, and much more. If you are pregnant or planning a baby, this is the book for you. You can also buy from Online stores: Buy from a nearby bookstore- Flipkart.com Reliance Timeout Indiaplaza.com DC books Bookadda.com Crossword Bookstore Homeshop18.com Landmark Bookstore Uread.com Om Book Shop Infibeam.com Starmark Bookstore Crossword.in Sapna Bookstore Full Circle Bookstore Bahri Sons Bookstore Teksons Bookstore Sankars Bookstore
Designed as a comprehensive text for students and professionals pursuing careers in the fields of bioinformatics, molecular biology, pharmacy and drug research, the Fifth Edition continues to offer a fascinating and authoritative treatment of the entire spectrum of bioinformatics, covering a wide range of high-throughput technologies. The content can be used for four core courses: bioinformatics fundamentals, genomics, proteomics and drug discovery and design. The Fifth Edition takes a completely new pedagogical approach and the book is divided into eight distinct Units for the ease of learning: Bioinformatics Fundamentals, Sequence Alignment, Phylogenetic Analysis, Genomics, Protein Structure and Function, Drug Discovery Methods, Drug Design and Development and Integrative Topics. Accordingly, all the chapters are revised and updated in the new edition, besides introduction of seven new chapters and another seven completely re-written chapters. As a student-friendly text, it embodies several pedagogical features such as detailed examples, numerous tables, a large number of diagrams, flow charts and web resources. The book in its present edition should prove an invaluable asset to the students and researchers in the fields of bioinformatics, biotechnology, computer-aided drug design, information technology, medical diagnostics, molecular biology and pharmaceutical sciences. NEW TO THE FIFTH EDITION • Re-written chapters — Biological database search and data retrieval, Pair-wise alignment of sequences, PSSMs and Hidden Markov Models, Gene Mapping, Gene Prediction, Protein Structure Overview and Protein Structure Prediction. • Inclusion of new chapters—Scoring Matrices, Gene Sequencing, Regulatory Elements Prediction, Comparative Genomics, Protein Structure Databases, Protein Function Prediction and Potential Drug Targets. KEY FEATURES • Covers the field of bioinformatics in a complete and integrated approach – moving from the fundamentals to theory and practical applications. • State-of-the-art technologies for gene identification, molecular modeling and monitoring of cellular processes. • Data mining, data curation and analysis, classification, interpretation and efficient structure determination of genomes and proteomes. • Companion website provides useful resources for the teachers as well as for the students. So, visit Learning Centre https:// www.phindia.com/bioinformatics_mendiratta_rastogi to have access of Lecture notes, solutions manual, MCQs, problems set for practice, glossary of important terms, etc. TARGET AUDIENCE • UG and PG Students of Bioinformatics, Biotechnology, Molecular Biology and Pharmacy.
This is a collection of seven delightful stories for kids that teach valuable morals and life lessons. Each story is filled with humour, imagination, and adventure, featuring relatable characters and situations children can easily connect with. From finding the courage to share one’s talents to avoiding rumours and false information to balancing one’s passions and joys to forming friendships in unexpected places to valuing communication and laughter to discovering one’s inner magic to exploring curiosity and wonder, these stories will inspire, entertain, and educate young readers. But that’s not all - after each story, there is a list of fun activities inspired by the story that can keep the kids engaged and enhance their learning. These activities include nature hunts, drawing, crafts, experiments, and more. They are designed to reinforce the morals and themes of the stories, as well as to stimulate the children’s creativity and curiosity. Witty and Whimsy Tales Vol 1 - Adventure Stories is a perfect book for children who love reading and learning through stories. It is also an excellent book for parents and educators who want to introduce children to essential values and skills through engaging and enjoyable stories and activities. Grab your copy today and join the adventure!
Richa and Tanmay, an urban couple have bought a fully furnished apartment in Mumbai. It was cheap compared to the market price and Tanmay was sceptical about the deal. On asking the broker Shravan revealed that the owner, Mrs Rastogi’s husband had passed away after he ate a samosa. It’s been a year since his death and Mrs Rastogi is in urgent need of money, hence she is ready to let go of the apartment in a distress sale. Despite being doubtful about the deal, Tanmay agreed to buy the house for Richa’s happiness. But since the day they moved into the house, only the junk and fast food stored in the fridge at night would mysteriously vanish by the next morning. Richa was suspicious it was either the maid or Tanmay who are polishing the food away. Richa is determined to find the thief but the secret that unfolds at the end leaves her horror-stricken and astonished. What did Richa find out? Who was the food thief? Read to find out.
The text book gives a clear and concise analysis of the fundamentals of complex function theory. It presents various illustrative and motivating examples to make the concepts clearer and to help the students to acquire a basic understanding of the subject and learn the techniques of problem solving, which will help him/her enormously in the examinations like GATE, NET, CSIR etc. We hope this book would appeal not only to post graduate students of Mathematics and Physics (including research mathematicians) but also to those engineering students who are highly motivated. Salient Features * The concepts are emphasized in each chapter to make the students learn them thoroughly. * Applications of most of the theorems are shown through various solved examples. * Theorems and Propositions are stated in the maximum possible generality and much stress has been given to help the readers to compare and understand how vastly different the subjects Complex Analysis and Real Analysis are. * The exercise sets given at the end of each chapter shall sharpen the student's intellectual ability. * Nearly 80 figures are drawn to illustrate the results which will help the students for visualization. * The book is more exhaustive than most of the existing books. * The solved examples and exercises will better prepare students for different competitive examinations like GATE, NET, CSIR, NBHM etc.
Designed as a text for students and professionals pursuing careers in the fields of molecular biology, pharmacy and bioinformatics, the fourth edition continues to offer a fascinating and authoritative treatment of the entire spectrum of bioinformatics, covering a wide range of high-throughput technologies. In this edition, four new chapters are included and two chapters are updated. As a student-friendly text, it embodies several pedagogic features such as detailed examples, chapter-end problems, numerous tables, a large number of diagrams, flow charts, a comprehensive glossary and an up-to-date bibliography. This book should prove an invaluable asset to students and researchers in the fields of bioinformatics, biotechnology, computer-aided drug design, information technology, medical diagnostics, molecular biology and pharmaceutical industry. NEW TO THE FOURTH EDITION: • Includes four new chapters—Introduction to Biological Databases, Introduction to Phylogenetic, Methods of Phylogenic analysis and RNA Predict. • Updates chapters on Information Search and Data Retrieval and Alignment of Multiple Sequences. • Incorporates Problem Sets containing more than 250 problems and Multiple Choice Questions so that students can test their knowledge and understanding. Key Features • State-of-the-art technologies for gene identification, molecular modeling and monitoring of cellular processes • Data mining, analysis, classification, interpretation and efficient structure determination of genomes and proteomes • Importance of cell cycle for discovering new drug targets and their ligands • Computer-aided drug design and ADME-Tox property prediction Companion website www.phindia.com/rastogi provides useful resources for the teachers as well as for the students.
Hydrogen can be produced sustainably by dark, anaerobic bacterial growth on carbohydrate-rich substrates. This chapter discuses microbiology, biochemistry, molecular biology, and the various other aspects related to dark hydrogen production. Pure cultures, known to produce hydrogen from carbohydrates, include species of Enterobacter and Clostridium. However, for efficient degradation of complex substrates, mixed cultures easily obtainable from natural sources and able to proliferate on nonsterile feedstock are required. Compared to pure substrates, complex substrates, especially different kinds of waste, may offer a sustainable and economical alternative for hydrogen production. However, for maximization of hydrogen production, different physicochemical processes need to be determined. In this regard, the various parameters affecting the dark hydrogen production process, which include pH, temperature, hydraulic retention time, and hydrogen partial pressure, have been discussed in detail. In addition, this chapter discusses the different types of reactors and their suitability to carry out studies on dark fermentative hydrogen production. Overall, the chapter presents a holistic understanding of the dark hydrogen production process and highlights the recent new findings and achievements in the field.
Biohydrogen Production: Fundamentals and Technology Advances covers the fundamentals of biohydrogen production technology, including microbiology, biochemistry, feedstock requirements, and molecular biology of the biological hydrogen production processes. It also gives insight into scale-up problems and limitations. In addition, the book discusses mathematical modeling of the various processes involved in biohydrogen production and the software required to model the processes. The book summarizes research advances that have been made in this field and discusses bottlenecks of the various processes, which presently limit the commercialization of this technology. The authors also focus on the process economy, policy, and environmental impact of this technology, since the future of biohydrogen production depends not only on research advances, but also on economic considerations (the cost of fossil fuels), social espousal, and the development of H2 energy systems. The book describes the fundamentals of this technology interwoven with more advanced research findings. Further reading is suggested at the end of each chapter. Since the beauty of any innovation is its applicability, socioeconomic impact, and cost energy analysis, the book examines each of these points to give you a holistic picture of this technology. Illustrative diagrams, flow charts, and comprehensive tables detailing the scientific advancements provide an opportunity to understand the process comprehensively and meticulously. Written in a lucid style, the book supplies a complete knowledge bank about biohydrogen production processes.
Sita is one of the defining figures of Indian womanhood, yet there is no single version of her story. Different accounts coexist in myth, literature and folktale. Canonical texts deify Sita while regional variations humanize her. Folk songs and ballads connect her timeless predicament to the daily lives of rural women. Modern-day women continue to see themselves reflected in films, serials and soap operas based on Sita’s narrative. Sacrifice, self denial and unquestioning loyalty are some of the ideals associated with popular perceptions of Sita. But the Janaki who symbolized strength, who could lift Shiva’s mighty bow, who courageously chose to accompany Rama into exile and who refused to follow him back after a second trial, is often forgotten. However she is remembered, revered or written about, Sita continues to exert a powerful influence on the collective Indian psyche. In Search of Sita presents essays, conversations and commentaries that explore different aspects of her life. It revisits mythology, reopening the debate on her birth, her days in exile, her abduction, the test by fire, the birth of her sons and, finally, her return to the earth—offering fresh interpretations of this enigmatic figure and her indelible impact on our everyday lives.
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