This well-received book, now in its second edition, is designed for an introductory course in statistics for students of statistics, mathematics and management. In addition, postgraduate students of a variety of disciplines such as psychology, sociology, anthropology, biology, nursing and criminal justice, as well as professionals, surveyors and administrators will also find this book extremely helpful. The book provides students with a strong foundation in the principles of statistics. It develops a thorough understanding of the fundamental concepts through extensive use of illustrative and motivating examples and shows how these concepts can be applied to real-life situations. The text explains each statistical technique and formula in a step-by-step manner with the help of small datasets. While discussing a wide range of topics, mathematical complexity has been kept at a bare minimum, and intuitive ideas have been given for each mathematical expression. Key concepts have been highlighted in boxes throughout the text. Chapter-end summaries in the form of flowchart capture all the important points. Chapter-end exercises with answers and the Question Bank containing about 150 questions offer the students the opportunity to test their ability to comprehend the concepts. Besides, this text illustrates the use of SPSS and Excel in carrying out statistical analysis. Provides a new section on ‘Testing Normality’ of a given a dataset. Expands Use of Technology sections with coverage of the use of Excel to perform statistical analysis. Offers a new appendix containing Multiple-Choice Questions as brain-teasers. Includes Excel example datasets, SPSS datasets, and the solutions to Question Bank on the companion CD. Solutions Manual containing the complete worked-out solutions to chapter-end exercises and Question Bank is available for instructors.
The normal distribution is widely known and used by scientists and engineers. However, there are many cases when the normal distribution is not appropriate, due to the data being skewed. Rather than leaving you to search through journal articles, advanced theoretical monographs, or introductory texts for alternative distributions, the Handbook of E
This book provides information about different types of dimensionality reduction (DR) methods and their effectiveness in hyperspectral data processing. The authors first explain how hyperspectral imagery (HSI) plays an important role in remote sensing due to its high spectral resolution that enables better identification of different materials on the earth’s surface. The authors go on to describe potential challenges due to HSI being acquired in hundreds of narrow and contiguous bands, represented as a 3-dimensional image cube, often causing the bands to contain information redundancy. They then show how processing a large number of bands adds challenges in terms of computation complexity that reduces efficiency. The authors then present how DR is an essential step in hyperspectral data analysis to solve these issues. Overall, the book helps readers understand the DR processes and its impact in effective HSI analysis.
This book discusses enterprise hierarchies, which view a target system with varying degrees of abstraction. These requirement refinement hierarchies can be represented by goal models. It is important to verify that such hierarchies capture the same set of rationales and intentions and are in mutual agreement with the requirements of the system being designed. The book also explores how hierarchies manifest themselves in the real world by undertaking a data mining exercise and observing the interactions within an enterprise. The inherent sequence-agnostic property of goal models prevents requirement analysts from performing compliance checks in this phase as compliance rules are generally embedded with temporal information. The studies discussed here seek to extract finite state models corresponding to goal models with the help of model transformation. The i*ToNuSMV tool implements one such algorithm to perform model checking on i* models. In turn, the AFSR framework provides a new goal model nomenclature that associates semantics with individual goals. It also provides a reconciliation machinery that detects entailment or consistency conflicts within goal models and suggests corrective measures to resolve such conflicts. The authors also discuss how the goal maintenance problem can be mapped to the state-space search problem, and how A* search can be used to identify an optimal goal model configuration that is free from all conflicts. In conclusion, the authors discuss how the proposed research frameworks can be extended and applied in new research directions. The GRL2APK framework presents an initiative to develop mobile applications from goal models using reusable code component repositories.
This Springer Brief presents a comprehensive survey of the existing methodologies of background subtraction methods. It presents a framework for quantitative performance evaluation of different approaches and summarizes the public databases available for research purposes. This well-known methodology has applications in moving object detection from video captured with a stationery camera, separating foreground and background objects and object classification and recognition. The authors identify common challenges faced by researchers including gradual or sudden illumination change, dynamic backgrounds and shadow and ghost regions. This brief concludes with predictions on the future scope of the methods. Clear and concise, this brief equips readers to determine the most effective background subtraction method for a particular project. It is a useful resource for professionals and researchers working in this field.
?A story that breaks the barriers of space and time? They all had the same question for Mukul: `Why didn?t you recognize us? And why did you look so dark?? Mukul was perplexed. The day had started as any other Sunday morning would, with him going out to meet his aunt, his friends and his mentor Noni Kaku of the Telescope. But when everyone, including his own parents, insisted that he was lying about his whereabouts, Mukul had to look around for the imposter? And he found Lukum, who had travelled light years to meet his intergalactic `twin?. Little did Mukul know that he had set out on the longest Sunday of his life. How would this all end? And where? Written by Nabendu Ghosh, path-breaking novelist, screenwriter and film director, this racy story about a parallel universe has been translated by his grandson Devottam Sengupta. Fusing human curiosity about space with a futuristic vision, it delivers it all with a suspenseful, gobsmacking punch.
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