The field of research: Pakistani Punjab -- Islam, image and iconophobia -- Popular arts and its transformation -- Popular religious art -- Popular figures of piety -- Popular secular art -- Souvenir arts -- Objects of status representation -- Family memorabilia -- Conclusion: Identities and manifestation.
The Sir?j al-taw?r?kh is the most important history of Afghanistan ever written. This pinnacle of the rich Afghan historiographic tradition is available in English translation, annotated, fully indexed, including an introduction, eight appendices, Persian-English and English-Persian glossaries, and bibliography.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, supply chain (SC) mapping appeared as one of the critical SC capabilities that could make a striking difference in organizations’ SC performance and improve sustainable operations. Despite its crucial role in responding to SC disruptions, there is a void in the literature on this topic. This book aims to address this gap demonstrating the importance of SC mapping, sustainability in the Industry 4.0 era. The book explores how SC mapping contributes to sustainability from social, economic, and environmental perspectives, the role of SC mapping in upstream, midstream, and downstream SC sustainability, as well as the role of technology advancement and the impact of blockchain and Industry 4.0 in SC mapping. Adopting a multidisciplinary approach, this edited collection features international authors from a diverse range of disciplines including SC management, operations management, technology and innovation management, and sustainability. The book will be a valuable resource for global scholars, researchers, and upper-level students across operations, SC management, and logistics, as well as engineering and technology management.
Agriculture plays a pivotal role in the economy and development of Pakistan providing food to consumers, raw materials to industries, and a market for industrial goods. Unfortunately, agricultural production is stagnant due to several barriers including a fixed cropping pattern, reliance on a few major crops, a narrow genetic pool, poor seed quality, and a changing climate. In addition, the high cost of production, weak phytosanitary compliance mechanisms, and a lack of cold chain facilities makes Pakistan agriculturally uncompetitive in export markets. Despite all these issues, agriculture is the primary industry in Pakistan and small farmers continue to dominate the business. Small farmers grow crops for subsistence under a fixed cropping pattern and a holistic approach is required to develop agriculture to improve the livelihoods of the rural populace. This book presents an exhaustive look at agriculture in Pakistan. Chapters provide critical analyses of present trends, inadequacies in agriculture, strategic planning, improvement programs and policies while keeping in view the natural resources, plant- and animal-related agricultural production technologies, input supplies, population planning, migration and poverty, and balanced policies on finance, credit, marketing, and trade.
DASKA TO UNITED NATIONS is an autobiography as well as a travelogue. Its narration is very fluent and cogent; and describes the historical events of the countries, in detail, visited by Aslam during his journey of life. It is highly informative and educative and will provide an incentive to the readers to adopt normative values and resort to sustained arduous work to achieve their desired targets in life successively. I strongly feel that such autobiographies should be widely available to the people, especially the younger generations, by adding them in the libraries of educational institutions and public libraries.
Detailing the diverse aspects of digitalization in supply chain management, Digital Supply Chain Management helps business managers harness the cutting edge, guiding those early in their careers who seek a challenging new path whilst informing top-level managers who have their eye on the future.
Among traditionally educated scholars in the Islamic world there is much disagreement on the crises that afflict modern Muslim societies and how best to deal with them, and the debates have grown more urgent since 9/11. Through an analysis of the work of Muhammad Rashid Rida and Yusuf al-Qaradawi in the Arab Middle East and a number of scholars belonging to the Deobandi orientation in colonial and contemporary South Asia, this book examines some of the most important issues facing the Muslim world since the late nineteenth century. These include the challenges to the binding claims of a long-established scholarly consensus, evolving conceptions of the common good, and discourses on religious education, the legal rights of women, social and economic justice and violence and terrorism. This wide-ranging study by a leading scholar provides the depth and the comparative perspective necessary for an understanding of the ferment that characterizes contemporary Islam.
Income inequality is a serious problem confronting not only the developed world but also developing countries. Recently, financialization has been one of the culprits identified in literature as one of the cause of income inequality. This book offers the only detailed presentation of the how financialization aided the spread of income inequality in Organization of Islamic Cooperation, OIC countries. Finance has taking a center stage in the affairs of most developing economies, surpassing the real sector of the economy. The result is the creation of an indebted society in which people are comfortable with financing their financial needs through credit. This creates a debt laden society that is trapped in the cycle of debt. This book represents a comprehensive and indispensable source for students, practitioners and the general public at large. It presents data which shows the buildup of debt and the rising income inequality in Muslim countries. It includes discussion of the rise in rentier income, financialization of everyday life, decline in physical capital accumulation and deregulation of the financial sector. The book therefore, proffers solutions on how Muslim countries can come out of the present economic problem facing them. The promotion and adoption of Islamic principles, which promotes risk sharing based contracts as against debt based transaction is the way to go. When financial contracts are based on the principles of risk sharing, any gains from economic activities get to be shared equitably. Hence, not only capital owners get to enjoy the benefit from the income derived from investments, but rather, all parties that partake in the contract. Distinguished by its clarity and readability as it is written in a very easy to understand language, it is an important reference work for any concerned individual interested on the recent causes of income inequality in Muslim World.
Long the scourge of developing countries, fake pills are now increasingly common in the United States. The explosion of Internet commerce, coupled with globalization and increased pharmaceutical use has led to an unprecedented vulnerability in the U.S. drug supply. Today, an estimated 80% of our drugs are manufactured overseas, mostly in India and China. Every link along this supply chain offers an opportunity for counterfeiters, and increasingly, they are breaking in. In 2008, fake doses of the blood thinner Heparin killed 81 people worldwide and resulted in hundreds of severe allergic reactions in the United States. In 2012, a counterfeit version of the cancer drug Avastin, containing no active chemotherapy ingredient, was widely distributed in the United States. In early 2013, a drug trafficker named Francis Ortiz Gonzalez was sentenced to prison for distributing an assortment of counterfeit, Chinese-made pharmaceuticals across America. By the time he was arrested, he had already sold over 140,000 fake pills to customers. Even when the U.S. system works, as it mostly does, consumers are increasingly circumventing the safeguards. Skyrocketing health care costs in the U.S. have forced more Americans to become "medical tourists" seeking drugs, life-saving treatments and transplants abroad, sometimes in countries with rampant counterfeit drug problems and no FDA. Bitter Pills will heighten the public's awareness about counterfeit drugs, critically examine possible solutions, and help people protect themselves. Author Muhammad H. Zaman pays special attention to the science and engineering behind both counterfeit and legitimate drugs, and the role of a "technological fix" for the fake drug problem. Increasingly, fake drugs affect us all.
Stolen Stripes and Broken Medals is a true account of the life of a Pakistani naval officer who despite reaching the star ranks and with impeccable record of service had to prematurely say good bye to his long military career. In fact those achievements created enemies who ultimately staged the fatal conspiracy when he was at the pinnacle of his career and was just about to get his second star. The title of this book reflects as to how his hard earned stripes were stolen and his medals broken by no one other than the top brass of the Navy since he had refused to tell a lie to safeguard their personal interests. This book tells the story of his long naval career which was full of adventures, challenges, and achievements and of course the due recognition which he had earned through sheer hard work and dedication to the service. This is an eye opening account for those who want to see as to what happens to those who are upright and honest but without any backing in a country like Pakistan. It also reflects on what happens behind the close doors of the top leadership in the Armed Forces, who are trusted with nations sacred duty. It is for the first time that someone has taken such a bold step to touch the untouchable, apprising his nation and those in the helm of affairs, expecting some positive outcome.
Through a detailed historical and empirical account of post-independence years, this book offers a new assessment of the role of the judiciary in Pakistani politics. Instead of seeing the judiciary as helpless or struggling against an authoritarian state, it argues that the judiciary has been a crucial link in the creation of state and political inequality in Pakistan. This rubs against the central role given to the judiciary in developing countries to fix the ‘corrupt politicians and stubborn bureaucracies’ in the World Bank’s ‘Good Governance’ paradigm and rule of law initiatives. It also challenges the contemporary legal and judicial discourse that extols the virtues of Public Interest Litigation. While the book’s core analysis is a critique of the contemporary liberal legal project, it also adds to the critical tradition of social theory by linking political economy to a social theory of law. The theoretical aspect of the study is applicable to any developing society whose judiciary is going through foreign-sponsored ‘rule of law’ judicial reforms.
Halophytes for Food Security in Dry Lands addresses the concerns surrounding global food scarcity, especially focusing on those living in arid and dry lands The book touches on food crises in dry regions of the world and proposes halophytes as an alternate source of consumption for such areas. Halophytes, those plants that thrive in saline soil and provide either food source options themselves, or positively enhance an eco-system's ability to produce food, and are thus an important and increasingly recognized option for addressing the needs of the nearly 1/6 of the world's population that lives in these arid and semi-arid climates. Including presentations from the 2014 International Conference on Halophytes for Food Security in Dry Lands, this book features insights from the leading researchers in the subject. It is a valuable resource that includes information on the nutritional value of halophytes, their genetic basis and potential enhancement, adaption of halophytes, and lessons learned thus far. - Provides comprehensive coverage of the importance and utilization of halophytes to compensate the demand of food in whole world especially in the dry regions - Contains insights from ecological to molecular fields - Includes edible halophytes as well as those that enhance food-producing eco-systems - Presents information for improving abiotic stress tolerance in plants
This book introduces a number of new sampling plans, such as time truncated life tests, skip sampling plans, resubmitted plans, mixed sampling plans, sampling plans based on the process capability index and plans for big data, which can be used for testing and inspecting products, from the raw-materials stage to the final product, in every industry using statistical process control techniques. It also presents the statistical theory, methodology and applications of acceptance sampling from truncated life tests. Further, it discusses the latest reliability, quality and risk analysis methods based on acceptance sampling from truncated life, which engineering and statisticians require in order to make decisions, and which are also useful for researchers in the areas of quality control, lifetime analysis, censored data analysis, goodness-of-fit and statistical software applications. In its nine chapters, the book addresses a wide range of testing/inspection sampling schemes for discrete and continuous data collected in various production processes. It includes a chapter on sampling plans for big data and offers several illustrative examples of the procedures presented. Requiring a basic knowledge of probability distributions, inference and estimation, and lifetime and quality analysis, it is a valuable resource for graduate and senior undergraduate engineering students, and practicing engineers, more specifically it is useful for quality engineers, reliability engineers, consultants, black belts, master black belts, students and researchers interested in applying reliability and risk and quality methods.
There are many misconceptions and concerns regarding Islamic societies and how Muslim countries have failed to come up with their own localised solutions to socio-economic problems in dealing with poverty alleviation and societal development. This book explores why there is so much disconnect between spirituality and enterprise development in the world today, and how a part of the Islamic world, in fact located in Pakistan, can be part of the solution rather than being central to the problem. This book builds upon Ronnie Lessem and Alexander Schieffer’s theory of ‘integral dynamics’ which works through a fourfold rhythm of the GENE. Set against a mono-cultural perspective, the authors highlight the ever-increasing and deepening divide between Western and Islamic cultures. Through the course of the book, the authors use the transformational GENE (Grounding, Emergence, Navigation, Effect) rhythm developed by Lessem and Schieffer to take readers through the 4C (Call, Context, Co-creation and Contribution) process, articulated to CAREing-4-Society. They ground their call in Akhuwat’s community of Akhuwateers (donors, beneficiaries, borrowers, volunteers and replicators), to explore alternative models of spiritually based finance through an emerging SOUL-idarity paradigm. Furthermore, through these models and Akhuwat’s CARE (Community, Awareness, Research, Embodiment) process, they put forward that encouraging community activism, raising awareness around Islamic practices of Qard-e-Hasan, institutionalising their innovative research, and finally transforming and educating the community, will provide an alternative to microfinance for poverty alleviation. Showcasing an unconventional spiritual-financial solution, deeply immersed in spirituality and infused with local moral values and traditions, this book demonstrates how poverty can be alleviated in countries around the world, specifically, in developing Muslim countries.
The years 2021 to 2030 have been designated as "The United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration". Ecological restoration and biodiversity conservation efforts face unprecedented challenges, especially in developing countries and areas, such as the Hindu Kush-Himalayan (HKH) region. This huge HKH region, which includes areas in eight separate countries (Afghanistan, Pakistan, Nepal, India, China, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Bhutan), is a biodiversity hotspot with a vast array of ecosystems, landscapes, peoples and cultures. It is known as one of 'the pulses of the world'. However, the HKH is also the world's largest and poorest mountain region, where landscapes and environments have been severely damaged as a result of climate change and human activities. Coordinating conservation and restoration policies, sharing knowledge and funds, and maintaining livelihoods are major challenges and are in urgent need of improvement. This book details the past and current ecological problems in the HKH region, and the threats and challenges that ecosystems and local people face. It pays special attention to developments of transformative adaptations and presents examples of sustainable conservation and ecological restoration management practices. This book is essential reading for ecologists and conservation biologists involved in large-scale ecological restoration projects, along with practitioners, graduate students, policy makers and international development workers.
One day when Tughluk Timur Khn was feeding his dogs with swine's flesh, Shaikh Jaml-ud-Din was brought into his presence. The Khn said to the Shaikh: "Are you better than this dog or is the dog better than you?" The Shaikh replied: "If I have faith I am the better of the two, but if I have no faith this dog is better than I am." The Khn was much impressed by these words, and a great love for Islm took possession of his heart. -from Part I: Chapter 1: "Beginning of the Tarikh-I-Rashidi" When the history of the Moghuls of Central Asia, which covered several tumultuous centuries, was in danger of being lost entirely, one of its players, the military general and ruler of Kashmir MIRZA MUHAMMAD HAIDAR DUGHLAT (1499-1551), took it upon himself to write it down. The result was the legendary Tarikh-i-Rashidi, and this 1893 work-from the all-but anonymous "N. Elias and E. D. Ross"-represents the first full translation into English of one of the great firsthand documents of global history. Elias and Ross's extensive introduction puts the work itself in its historical context and begins to present us with the world it depicts, one of strife and adventure. The grand story that follows is one of kings and invasions told with enormous pride by a participant in the very history we are witnessing. Little known outside academic circles but vital for understanding how Central Asia was shaped, this is an extraordinary work of history.
The first book to explore the modern history of Islam in South Asia The first modern state to be founded in the name of Islam, Pakistan was the largest Muslim country in the world at the time of its establishment in 1947. Today it is the second-most populous, after Indonesia. Islam in Pakistan is the first comprehensive book to explore Islam's evolution in this region over the past century and a half, from the British colonial era to the present day. Muhammad Qasim Zaman presents a rich historical account of this major Muslim nation, insights into the rise and gradual decline of Islamic modernist thought in the South Asian region, and an understanding of how Islam has fared in the contemporary world. Much attention has been given to Pakistan's role in sustaining the Afghan struggle against the Soviet occupation in the 1980s, in the growth of the Taliban in the 1990s, and in the War on Terror after 9/11. But as Zaman shows, the nation's significance in matters relating to Islam has much deeper roots. Since the late nineteenth century, South Asia has witnessed important initiatives toward rethinking core Islamic texts and traditions in the interest of their compatibility with the imperatives of modern life. Traditionalist scholars and their institutions, too, have had a prominent presence in the region, as have Islamism and Sufism. Pakistan did not merely inherit these and other aspects of Islam. Rather, it has been and remains a site of intense contestation over Islam's public place, meaning, and interpretation. Examining how facets of Islam have been pivotal in Pakistani history, Islam in Pakistan offers sweeping perspectives on what constitutes an Islamic state.
In this autobiographical, historical and analytical perspective on Pakistan, Najm takes a closer look at the judicial revolution in Pakistan. Pakistani Judiciary becomes the reader's navigator through meandering paths of Pakistan's internal battles for institutional growth. This is also a diplomat's view of the socio-historical evolution of Pakistan. His outlook combines an insider's insights and limitations with an extensive historical and cultural learning process that includes living, working and pursuing academic interests abroad. He also unravels fundamental contradictions that militate against emergence of equitable educational opportunities in Pakistan. He meets thus a general reader, a policy maker, legal community abroad and at home, democracy advocates, the Diaspora, the students and analysts on their turf. Born in Multan, Pakistan, Najm is currently a candidate for MA in Law and Diplomacy, at The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University.
Bioinformatics allows researchers to answer biological questions with advanced computational methods which involves the application of statistics and mathematical modeling. Structural bioinformatics enables the prediction and analysis of 3D structures of macromolecules while Computer Aided Drug Designing (CADD) assists scientists to design effective active molecules against diseases. However, the concepts in structural bioinformatics and CADD can be complex to understand for students and educated laymen. This quick guideline is intended as a basic manual for beginner students and instructors involved in bioinformatics and computational chemistry courses. Readers will learn the basics of structural bioinformatics, primary and secondary analysis and prediction, structural visualization, structural analysis and molecular docking. The book provides the reader an easy to read summary of the tools and techniques in structural bioinformatics as well as their limitations. In this revised edition, the authors have updated information in a number of chapters with a specific focus on the section on protein structure visualization and evaluation. Additional information on protein-ligand interaction studies has also been provided in this new edition. Therefore, the book is a useful handbook for aspiring scholars who wish to learn the basic concepts in computational analysis of biomolecules.
This book offers an analysis of the contemporary significance of the practice of Lender of Last Resort (LOLR) in Pakistan. Aiming to identify deficiencies in current financial system legislation, the book details the role of LOLR and its essential presence in establishing a resilient banking and financial system. Beginning with an assessment of the emergence of Central Banks as domestic financial regulators, the book draws from the principles of Walter Bagehot and Henry Thornton for LOLR rescue operations. Examining the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) role as an international lender of last resort and scrutinising its rescue efforts, the book uses case studies of the Central Banks in the United Kingdom and the United States to suggest reforms for Pakistan’s system. It explores the causes of financial crises and evaluates the factors that have made LOLR an integral part of Central Banks’ responsibilities. It compares LOLR operations in the cases of AIG and Lehman Brothers in the United States and Northern Rock in the United Kingdom, comparing these two cases in Pakistan to pinpoint key gaps in the State Bank of Pakistan’s LOLR operations. Furthermore, it discusses the Basel Accord I, II, and III: the key international regulations for the banking sector. The book will be of interest to scholars and students in the field of financial and banking law.
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