Machine Learning (ML) algorithms have shown a high level of accuracy, and applications are widely used in many systems and platforms. However, developing efficient ML-based systems requires addressing three problems: energy-efficiency, robustness, and techniques that typically focus on optimizing for a single objective/have a limited set of goals. This book tackles these challenges by exploiting the unique features of advanced ML models and investigates cross-layer concepts and techniques to engage both hardware and software-level methods to build robust and energy-efficient architectures for these advanced ML networks. More specifically, this book improves the energy efficiency of complex models like CapsNets, through a specialized flow of hardware-level designs and software-level optimizations exploiting the application-driven knowledge of these systems and the error tolerance through approximations and quantization. This book also improves the robustness of ML models, in particular for SNNs executed on neuromorphic hardware, due to their inherent cost-effective features. This book integrates multiple optimization objectives into specialized frameworks for jointly optimizing the robustness and energy efficiency of these systems. This is an important resource for students and researchers of computer and electrical engineering who are interested in developing energy efficient and robust ML.
This book describes novel software concepts to increase reliability under user-defined constraints. The authors’ approach bridges, for the first time, the reliability gap between hardware and software. Readers will learn how to achieve increased soft error resilience on unreliable hardware, while exploiting the inherent error masking characteristics and error (stemming from soft errors, aging, and process variations) mitigations potential at different software layers.
This book shows readers how to develop energy-efficient algorithms and hardware architectures to enable high-definition 3D video coding on resource-constrained embedded devices. Users of the Multiview Video Coding (MVC) standard face the challenge of exploiting its 3D video-specific coding tools for increasing compression efficiency at the cost of increasing computational complexity and, consequently, the energy consumption. This book enables readers to reduce the multiview video coding energy consumption through jointly considering the algorithmic and architectural levels. Coverage includes an introduction to 3D videos and an extensive discussion of the current state-of-the-art of 3D video coding, as well as energy-efficient algorithms for 3D video coding and energy-efficient hardware architecture for 3D video coding.
This book provides its readers with the means to implement energy-efficient video systems, by using different optimization approaches at multiple abstraction levels. The authors evaluate the complete video system with a motive to optimize its different software and hardware components in synergy, increase the throughput-per-watt, and address reliability issues. Subsequently, this book provides algorithmic and architectural enhancements, best practices and deployment models for new video systems, while considering new implementation paradigms of hardware accelerators, parallelism for heterogeneous multi- and many-core systems, and systems with long life-cycles. Particular emphasis is given to the current video encoding industry standard H.264/AVC, and one of the latest video encoders (High Efficiency Video Coding, HEVC).
This book focuses on two of the most relevant problems related to power management on multicore and manycore systems. Specifically, one part of the book focuses on maximizing/optimizing computational performance under power or thermal constraints, while another part focuses on minimizing energy consumption under performance (or real-time) constraints.
This Inception Report provides information and progress of the activities of the project entitled, "Root Zone Salinity Management Using Fractional Skimming Wells With Pressurized Irrigation". Details of the implementation plan covering methodology, technical interventions and field research studies are included in this report.
In Criminal Sentencing in Bangladesh, Muhammad Mahbubur Rahman critically examines the sentencing policies of Bangladesh and demonstrates that the country’s sentencing policies are not only yet to be developed in a coherent manner and shaped with an appropriate and contextual balance, but also remain part of the problem rather than part of the solution. The author forcefully argues that the conception of ‘sentencing policies’ cannot and should not always be confined exclusively to institutional understandings. The typical realities of post-colonial societies call for rethinking the traditional judiciary-centred understanding of what is meant by criminal sentences. This book thus raises the question for theoretical sentencing scholarship whether the prevailing judiciary-centred understanding of sentencing should be rethought.
The Memoirs of a Life Insurance Icon: Khuda Buksh illustrates the life of a legendary Insurance Specialist who chose to serve humanity by sparking an insurance awareness movement in three countries (India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh). Between 1930 and 1970, Khuda Buksh worked tirelessly to establish the insurance business in the region, overcoming engrained religious and cultural prejudices against life insurance amid enormous political upheaval. His passion, devotion, and unique sales strategies led him to train, motivate, and manage thousands of salesmen during his long career. He earned a reputation as the countrys most magnetic and dynamic sales executive and wizard of life insurance. He played a role as an educator to the vast number of field force who placed faith in his leadership and took insurance as career. His leadership strategies helped life insurance to flourish and to penetrate nearly every portion of society. Compiled more than 35 years after Khuda Bukshs death, this book uses interviews with dozens of contemporaries and family members who reminiscence Khuda Bukshs personality and role in promoting life insurance in Bangladesh and Pakistan. He is one figure among Bengali Muslims who popularized life insurance among the people. His name itself is an institution and in his own lifetime he became a legendary figure. . . Dacca Rotary News He was an outstanding salesman who even in his dreams would only be able to think of life insurance; he was totally obsessed by it. A typical Bengali, small body, but with a big heart for everyone. . . he rose to the occasion and became a very big name in the field of life insurance. . . Wolfram W. Karnowski I still think if we measure with a balance between life insurance and Khuda Bukshit will be extremely difficult to measure, which one is heavier. A wizard with a legendary stature in insurance . . . -S. R. Khan Mr. Khuda Buksh would be very personally involved in the welfare and the personal interest of each field worker . . . As far as the life insurance industry in Pakistan is concerned, especially in the 50s and 60s, Khuda Bukshs role was undoubtedly the greatest. . . Joseph M. Pereira He used to say: think of insurance, dream of insurance, sleep of insurance. Devote your time to insurance . . . He was an unbeatable legend of insurance. . . Sharafat Ali Qureshi He was a very good leader, and this was apparent from the fact that he could train not one, but hundreds, and thousands of people. All his subordinates were just like his children . . . M. A. Chishti I used to hear about the great reputation of this giant personality of the life insurance arena. When I came to know him from close, I had no problem realizing the appropriateness of the title father of insurance by which he was known in this part of the world. . . -M. Faizur Razzaque
Innovation in healthcare is currently a “hot” topic. Innovation allows us to think differently, to take risks and to develop ideas that are far better than existing solutions. Currently, there is no single book that covers all topics related to microelectronics, sensors, data, system integration and healthcare technology assessment in one reference. This book aims to critically evaluate current state-of-the-art technologies and provide readers with insights into developing new solutions. With contributions from a fully international team of experts across electrical engineering and biomedical fields, the book discusses how advances in sensing technology, computer science, communications systems and proteomics/genomics are influencing healthcare technology today.
Abu Hamid Muhammad al-Ghazzali (1058-1111) is one of the most important religious figures in Islamic history. He is particularly noted for his brilliant synthesis of mysticism and traditional Sunni Islam. Ghazzali's "The Alchemy of Happiness", written toward the end of his life, provides a succinct introduction to both the theory and practice of Sufism (Islamic mysticism). It thus offers many insights into traditional Muslim society. This translation is fully annotated for readers unfamiliar with Ghazzali and includes an introduction to his life and historical milieu.
This book covers cutting edge advancements on self-powered Internet of Things, where sensing devices can be energy-positive while capturing context from the physical world. It provides new mechanisms for activity recognition without the need of conventional inertial sensors, which demand significant energy during their operation and thus quickly deplete the batteries of internet-of-things (IoT) devices. The book offers new solutions by employing energy harvesters as activity sensors as well as power sources to enable the autonomous and self-powered operation of IoT devices without the need of human intervention. It provides useful content for graduate students as well as researchers to understand the nascent technologies of human activity, fitness and health monitoring using autonomous sensors. In particular, this book is very useful for people working on pervasive computing, activity recognition, wearable IoT, fitness/healthcare and autonomous systems. This book covers a broad range of topics related to self-powered activity recognition. The main topics of this book include wearables, IoT, energy harvesting, energy harvesters as sensors, activity recognition and self-powered operation of IoT devices. This book starts with the introduction of wearable IoT devices and activity recognition and then highlights the conventional activity recognition mechanisms. After that, it describes the use of energy harvesters to power the IoT devices. Later, it explores the use of various energy harvesters as activity sensors. It also proposes the use of energy harvesters as simultaneous source of energy and context information and defines the emerging concept of energy-positive sensing compared to conventional energy-negative sensing. Finally, it explores sensor/signal fusion to enhance the performance using multiple energy harvesters and charts a way forward for future research in this area. This book covers all important and emerging topics that have significance in the design and implementation of autonomous wearable IoT devices. We believe that this book will lay the foundation for designing self-powered IoT devices which can ultimately replace the conventional wearable IoT devices which need regular recharging and replacement.
Organ-specific drug delivery is aimed at achieving increased concentration of therapeutic molecules at target sites with minimum side effects on other healthy tissues. Similarly, drug-specific delivery to some vital organs, such as the brain, lungs, heart and kidneys remains a challenging task for the formulation scientists. Oral delivery of most of the commercially available life-saving drugs has also been impeded by various physio-chemical and biological barriers. These advancements in nanotechnology have led to the development of various pharmaceutical nanocarriers.Nanocarriers for Organ-Specific and Localized Drug Delivery summarizes targeted drug delivery systems and approaches to the major organs of the body. The book shows how drugs can be specifically targeted to the pathological area within an organ in a viable way. Employing pharmaceutical nanocarriers for drug delivery targeted to specific organs of the body requires a comprehensive knowledge of the disease site's pathophysiology as well as physical, chemical and pharmaceutical techniques for modification or functionalization of the nanocarriers.Combining theoretical principles and practical applications of various nanocarriers for organ-specific drug delivery, this is an important reference source for all those seeking to increase their understanding of how pharmaceutical nanocarriers are being used to create more efficient drug delivery systems. - Outlines the underlying principles for the design of advanced pharmaceutical nanocarriers for organ specific drug delivery - Includes guidance on how to exploit the pathophysiology and microenvironment of the diseased sites for targeted drug delivery - Assesses the major challenges for creating pharmaceutical nanocarriers on a mass scale
In engaging stories spanning nine chapters and as many countries, the author brings readers along whether they are lay people hungry for more knowledge about the plight of refugees, or public health professionals who may hold a view of refugee health based on their work in one region or another"--
This book presents a new topology of the non-isolated online uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system consisting of 3 components: bridgeless boost rectifier, battery charger/discharger, and an inverter. The online UPS system is considered to be the most preferable UPS due to its high level of power quality and proven reliability against all types of line disturbances and power outages. The new battery charger/discharger reduces the battery bank voltage, which improves performance and reliability, while a new control method for the inverter regulates the output voltage for both linear and nonlinear loads. The proposed USP system shows an efficiency of 94% during battery mode and 92% during the normal mode of operation.
This book presents techniques for energy reduction in adaptive embedded multimedia systems, based on dynamically reconfigurable processors. The approach described will enable designers to meet performance/area constraints, while minimizing video quality degradation, under various, run-time scenarios. Emphasis is placed on implementing power/energy reduction at various abstraction levels. To enable this, novel techniques for adaptive energy management at both processor architecture and application architecture levels are presented, such that both hardware and software adapt together, minimizing overall energy consumption under unpredictable, design-/compile-time scenarios.
This book describes novel software concepts to increase reliability under user-defined constraints. The authors’ approach bridges, for the first time, the reliability gap between hardware and software. Readers will learn how to achieve increased soft error resilience on unreliable hardware, while exploiting the inherent error masking characteristics and error (stemming from soft errors, aging, and process variations) mitigations potential at different software layers.
Machine Learning (ML) algorithms have shown a high level of accuracy, and applications are widely used in many systems and platforms. However, developing efficient ML-based systems requires addressing three problems: energy-efficiency, robustness, and techniques that typically focus on optimizing for a single objective/have a limited set of goals. This book tackles these challenges by exploiting the unique features of advanced ML models and investigates cross-layer concepts and techniques to engage both hardware and software-level methods to build robust and energy-efficient architectures for these advanced ML networks. More specifically, this book improves the energy efficiency of complex models like CapsNets, through a specialized flow of hardware-level designs and software-level optimizations exploiting the application-driven knowledge of these systems and the error tolerance through approximations and quantization. This book also improves the robustness of ML models, in particular for SNNs executed on neuromorphic hardware, due to their inherent cost-effective features. This book integrates multiple optimization objectives into specialized frameworks for jointly optimizing the robustness and energy efficiency of these systems. This is an important resource for students and researchers of computer and electrical engineering who are interested in developing energy efficient and robust ML.
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